Heterocyclic compounds as immunomodulators

ABSTRACT

Disclosed are compounds of Formula (I), methods of using the compounds as immunomodulators, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds. The compounds are useful in treating, preventing or ameliorating diseases or disorders such as cancer or infections.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present application is concerned with pharmaceutically active compounds. The disclosure provides compounds as well as their compositions and methods of use. The compounds modulate PD-1/PD-L1 protein/protein interaction and are useful in the treatment of various diseases including infectious diseases and cancer.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The immune system plays an important role in controlling and eradicating diseases such as cancer. However, cancer cells often develop strategies to evade or to suppress the immune system in order to favor their growth. One such mechanism is altering the expression of costimulatory and co-inhibitory molecules expressed on immune cells (Postow et al, J. Clinical Oncology 2015, 1-9). Blocking the signaling of an inhibitory immune checkpoint, such as PD-1, has proven to be a promising and effective treatment modality.

Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1), also known as CD279, is a cell surface receptor expressed on activated T cells, natural killer T cells, B cells, and macrophages (Greenwald et al, Annu. Rev. Immunol 2005, 23:515-548; Okazaki and Honjo, Trends Immunol 2006, (4):195-201). It functions as an intrinsic negative feedback system to prevent the activation of T-cells, which in turn reduces autoimmunity and promotes self-tolerance. In addition, PD-1 is also known to play a critical role in the suppression of antigen-specific T cell response in diseases like cancer and viral infection (Sharpe et al, Nat Immunol 2007 8, 239-245; Postow et al, J. Clinical Oncol 2015, 1-9).

The structure of PD-1 consists of an extracellular immunoglobulin variable-like domain followed by a transmembrane region and an intracellular domain (Parry et al, Mol Cell Biol 2005, 9543-9553). The intracellular domain contains two phosphorylation sites located in an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif and an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based switch motif, which suggests that PD-1 negatively regulates T cell receptor-mediated signals. PD-1 has two ligands, PD-L1 and PD-L2 (Parry et al, Mol Cell Biol 2005, 9543-9553; Latchman et al, Nat Immunol 2001, 2, 261-268), and they differ in their expression patterns. PD-L1 protein is upregulated on macrophages and dendritic cells in response to lipopolysaccharide and GM-CSF treatment, and on T cells and B cells upon T cell receptor and B cell receptor signaling. PD-L1 is also highly expressed on almost all tumor cells, and the expression is further increased after IFN-γtreatment (Iwai et al, PNAS 2002, 99(19):12293-7; Blank et al, Cancer Res 2004, 64(3):1140-5). In fact, tumor PD-L1 expression status has been shown to be prognostic in multiple tumor types (Wang et al, Eur J Surg Oncol 2015; Huang et al, Oncol Rep 2015; Sabatier et al, Oncotarget 2015, 6(7): 5449-5464). PD-L2 expression, in contrast, is more restricted and is expressed mainly by dendritic cells (Nakae et al, J Immunol 2006, 177:566-73). Ligation of PD-1 with its ligands PD-L1 and PD-L2 on T cells delivers a signal that inhibits IL-2 and IFN-γ production, as well as cell proliferation induced upon T cell receptor activation (Carter et al, Eur J Immunol 2002, 32(3):634-43; Freeman et al, J Exp Med 2000, 192(7): 1027-34). The mechanism involves recruitment of SHP-2 or SHP-1 phosphatases to inhibit T cell receptor signaling such as Syk and Lck phosphorylation (Sharpe et al, Nat Immunol 2007, 8, 239-245). Activation of the PD-1 signaling axis also attenuates PKC-θ activation loop phosphorylation, which is necessary for the activation of NF-κB and API pathways, and for cytokine production such as IL-2, IFN-γ and TNF (Sharpe et al, Nat Immunol 2007, 8, 239-245; Carter et al, Eur J Immunol 2002, 32(3):634-43; Freeman et al, J Exp Med 2000, 192(7):1027-34).

Several lines of evidence from preclinical animal studies indicate that PD-1 and its ligands negatively regulate immune responses. PD-1-deficient mice have been shown to develop lupus-like glomerulonephritis and dilated cardiomyopathy (Nishimura et al, Immunity 1999, 11:141-151; Nishimura et al, Science 2001, 291:319-322). Using an LCMV model of chronic infection, it has been shown that PD-1/PD-L1 interaction inhibits activation, expansion and acquisition of effector functions of virus-specific CD8 T cells (Barber et al, Nature 2006, 439, 682-7). Together, these data support the development of a therapeutic approach to block the PD-1-mediated inhibitory signaling cascade in order to augment or “rescue” T cell response. Accordingly, there is a need for new compounds that block PD-1/PD-L1 protein/protein interaction.

SUMMARY

The present disclosure provides, inter alia, a compound of Formula (I):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein constituent variables are defined herein. The present disclosure further provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound disclosed herein, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipient or carrier.

The present disclosure further provides methods of inhibiting PD-1/PD-L1 interaction, said method comprising administering to a patient a compound disclosed herein, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof.

The present disclosure further provides methods of treating a disease or disorder associated with inhibition of PD-1/PD-L1 interaction, said method comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of disclosed herein, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof.

The present disclosure further provides methods of enhancing, stimulating and/or increasing the immune response in a patient, said method comprising administering to the patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound disclosed herein, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION I. Compounds

The present disclosure provides, inter alia, compounds of Formula (I):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein:

ring A is 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, 4- to 14-membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl or C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, wherein the 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl and 4- to 14-membered heterocycloalkyl each has 1-4 heteroatoms as ring members selected from B, P, N, O and S, wherein the P, N or S atom as ring members is optionally oxidized and one or more carbon atoms as ring members are each optionally replaced by a carbonyl group; and wherein ring A is optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 R⁶ substituents;

L is a bond, —C(O)NR¹³—, —NR¹³C(O)—, —C(═S)NR¹³—, —NR¹³C(═S)—, —C(═NR¹³)NR¹³—, —NR¹³C(═NR¹³)—, —C(═NOR¹³)NR¹³—, —NR¹³C(═NOR¹³)—, —C(═NCN)NR¹³—, —NR¹³C(═NCN)—, O, —(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—, —(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—O—, —O(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—, —NR¹³—, —(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—NR¹³—, —NR¹³—(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—, —CH═CH—, —C≡C—, —SO₂NR¹³—, —NR¹³SO₂—, —NR¹³SO₂NR¹³—, —NR¹³C(O)O—, —OC(O)NR¹³— or —NR¹³C(O)NR¹³—;

R³ is methyl, halo, CN or C₁₋₄ haloalkyl;

R⁴ is C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, OH, —COOH, NH₂, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl or —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂;

R⁵ is C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, OH, —COOH, NH₂, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl or —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂;

R⁶ and R¹⁷ are each independently selected from H, halo, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, 5-14 membered heteroaryl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, CN, NO₂, OR^(a), SR^(a), NHOR^(a), C(O)R^(a), C(O)NR^(a)R^(a), C(O)OR^(a), C(O)NR^(a)S(O)₂R^(a), OC(O)R^(a), OC(O)NR^(a)R^(a), NHR^(a), NR^(a)R^(a), NR^(a)C(O)R^(a), NR^(a)C(═NR^(a))R^(a), NR^(a)C(O)OR^(a), NR^(a)C(O)NR^(a)R^(a), C(═NR^(a))R^(a), C(═NOH)R^(a), C(═NOH)NR^(a), C(═NCN)NR^(a)R^(a), NR^(a)C(═NCN)NR^(a)R^(a), C(═NR^(a))NR^(a)R^(a), NR^(a)C(═NR^(a))NR^(a)R^(a), NR^(a)S(O)R^(a), NR^(a)S(O)₂R^(a), NR^(a)S(O)₂NR^(a)R^(a), S(O)R^(a), S(O)NR^(a)R^(a), S(O)₂R^(a), S(O)₂NR^(a)C(O)R^(a), —P(O)R^(a)R^(a), —P(O)(OR^(a))(OR^(a)), —B(OH)₂, —B(OR^(a))₂ and S(O)₂NR^(a)R^(a), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, 5-14 membered heteroaryl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R⁶ and R¹⁷ are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 independently selected R^(b) substituents;

or two R⁶ substituents attached to the same ring carbon atom taken together with the ring carbon atom to which they are attached form spiro C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl or spiro 4- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(f) substituents;

each R¹³ is independently H, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl or C₁₋₆ alkyl optionally substituted with a substituent selected from C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, OH, —COOH, NH₂, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl and —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂;

R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ are each independently selected from H, halo, CN, OH, —COOH, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl, —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, phenyl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl and 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, phenyl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl and 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl of R¹⁴ or R¹⁵ are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

or R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered cycloalkyl or 3-, 4-, 5-, 6- or 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

each R^(a) is independently selected from H, CN, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, 5-14 membered heteroaryl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, 5-14 membered heteroaryl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(a) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 independently selected R^(d) substituents;

each R^(d) is independently selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, halo, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, CN, NH₂, NHOR^(e), OR^(e), SR^(e), C(O)R^(e), C(O)NR^(e)R^(e), C(O)OR^(e), C(O)NR^(e)S(O)₂R^(e), OC(O)R^(e), OC(O)NR^(e)R^(e), NHR^(e), NR^(e)R^(e), NR^(e)C(O)R^(e), NR^(e)C(═NR^(e))R^(e), NR^(e)C(O)NR^(e)R^(e), NR^(e)C(O)OR^(e), C(═NR^(e))NR^(e)R^(e), NR^(e)C(═NR^(e))NR^(e)R^(e), NR^(e)C(═NOH)NR^(e)R^(e), NR^(e)C(═NCN)NR^(e)R^(e), S(O)R^(e), S(O)NR^(e)R^(e), S(O)₂R^(e), S(O)₂NR^(e)C(O)R^(e), NR^(e)S(O)₂R^(e), NR^(e)S(O)₂NR^(e)R^(e), —P(O)R^(e)R^(e), —P(O)(OR^(e))(OR^(e)), —B(OH)₂, —B(OR^(e))₂ and S(O)₂NR^(e)R^(e), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5-14 membered heteroaryl, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(d) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(f) substituents;

each R^(e) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(e) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(f) substituents;

each R^(b) substituent is independently selected from halo, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, CN, OH, NH₂, NO₂, NHOR^(c), OR^(c), SR^(c), C(O)R^(c), C(O)NR^(c)R^(c), C(O)OR^(c), C(O)NR^(c)S(O)₂R^(c), OC(O)R^(c), OC(O)NR^(c)R^(c), C(═NOH)R^(c), C(═NOH)NR^(c), C(═NCN)NR^(c)R^(c), NR^(c)C(═NCN)NR^(c)R^(c), C(═NR^(c))NR^(c)R^(c), NR^(c)C(═NR^(c))NR^(c)R^(c), NHR^(c), NR^(c)R^(c), NR^(c)C(O)R^(c), NR^(c)C(═NR^(c))R^(c), NR^(c)C(O)OR^(c), NR^(c)C(O)NR^(c)R^(c), NR^(c)S(O)R^(c), NR^(c)S(O)₂R^(c), NR^(c)S(O)₂NR^(c)R^(c), S(O)R^(c), S(O)NR^(c)R^(c), S(O)₂R^(c), S(O)₂NR^(c)C(O)R^(c), —P(O)R^(c)R^(c), —P(O)(OR^(c))(OR^(c)), —B(OH)₂, —B(OR^(c))₂ and S(O)₂NR^(c)R^(c); wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(b) are each further optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(d) substituents;

each R^(c) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(c) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 independently selected R^(f) substituents;

each R^(f) is independently selected from C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, halo, CN, NHOR^(g), OR^(g), SR^(g), C(O)R^(g), C(O)NR^(g)R^(g), C(O)OR^(g), C(O)NR^(g)S(O)₂R^(g), OC(O)R^(g), OC(O)NR^(g)R^(g), NHR^(g), NR^(g)R^(g), NR^(g)C(O)R^(g), NR^(g)C(═NR^(g))R^(g), NR^(g)C(O)NR^(g)R^(g), NR^(g)C(O)OR^(g), C(═NR^(g))NR^(g)R^(g), NR^(g)C(═NR^(g))NR^(g)R^(g), S(O)R^(g), S(O)NR^(g)R^(g), S(O)₂R, S(O)₂NR^(g)C(O)R^(g), NR^(g)S(O)₂R^(g), NR^(g)S(O)₂NR^(g)R^(g), —P(O)R^(g)R^(g), —P(O)(OR^(g))(OR^(g)), —B(OH)₂, —B(OR^(g))₂ and S(O)₂NR^(g)R^(g); wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(f) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 independently selected R^(n) substituents;

each R^(n) is substituents independently selected from C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, halo, CN, NHOR^(o), OR^(o), SR^(o), C(O)R^(o), C(O)NR^(o)R^(o), C(O)OR^(o), C(O)NR^(o)S(O)₂R^(o), OC(O)R^(o), OC(O)NR^(o)R^(o), NHR^(o), NR^(o)R^(o), NR^(o)C(O)R^(o), NR^(o)C(═NR^(o))R^(o), NR^(o)C(O)NR^(o)R^(o), NR^(o)C(O)OR^(o), C(═NR)NR^(o)R^(o), NR^(o)C(═NR)NR^(o)R^(o), S(O)R^(o), S(O)NR^(o)R^(o), S(O)₂R, S(O)₂NR^(o)C(O)R, NR^(o)S(O)₂R, NR^(o)S(O)₂NR^(o)R^(o), —P(O)R^(o)R^(o), —P(O)(OR^(o))(OR^(o)), —B(OH)₂, —B(OR^(o))₂ and S(O)₂NR^(o)R^(o), wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(n) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

each R^(g) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(g) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(p) substituents;

each R^(p) is independently selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, halo, CN, NHOR^(r), OR^(r), SR^(r), C(O)R^(r), C(O)NR^(r)R^(r), C(O)OR^(r), C(O)NR^(r)S(O)₂R^(r), OC(O)R^(r), OC(O)NR^(r)R^(r), NHR^(r), NR^(r)R^(r), NR^(r)C(O)R^(r), NR^(r)C(═NR^(r))R^(r), NR^(r)C(O)NR^(r)R^(r), NR^(r)C(O)OR^(r), C(═NR^(r))NR^(r)R^(r), NR^(r)C(═NR^(r))NR^(r)R^(r), NR^(r)C(═NOH)NR^(r)R^(r), NR^(r)C(═NCN)NR^(r)R^(r), S(O)R^(r), S(O)NR^(r)R^(r), S(O)₂R^(r), S(O)₂NR^(r)C(O)R^(r), NR^(r)S(O)₂R^(r), NR^(r)S(O)₂NR^(r)R^(r), —P(O)R^(r)R^(r), —P(O)(OR^(r))(OR^(r)), —B(OH)₂, —B(OR^(r))₂ and S(O)₂NR^(r)R^(r), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(p) is optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

or any two R^(a) substituents together with the boron, phosphorus or nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

each R^(h) is independently selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, halo, CN, OR^(i), SR^(i), NHOR^(i), C(O)R^(i), C(O)NR^(i)R^(i), C(O)OR^(i), C(O)NR^(i)S(O)₂R^(i), OC(O)R^(i), OC(O)NR^(i)R^(i), NHR^(i), NR^(i)R^(i), NR^(i)C(O)R^(i), NR^(i)C(═NR^(i))R^(i), NR^(i)C(O)NR^(i)R^(i), NR^(i)C(O)OR^(i), C(═NR^(i))NR^(i)R^(i), NR^(i)C(═NR)NR^(i)R^(i), S(O)R^(i), S(O)NR^(i)R^(i), S(O)₂R^(i), S(O)₂NR^(i)C(O)R^(i), NR^(i)S(O)₂R^(i), NR^(i)S(O)₂NR^(i)R^(i), —P(O)R^(i)R^(i), —P(O)(OR^(i))(OR^(i)), —B(OH)₂, —B(OR^(i))₂ and S(O)₂NR^(i)R^(i), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(h) are each further optionally substituted by 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(j) substituents;

each R^(j) is independently selected from C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5 or 6-membered heteroaryl, 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, C₂₋₄ alkynyl, halo, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, NHOR^(k), OR^(k), SR^(k), C(O)R^(k), C(O)NR^(k)R^(k), C(O)OR^(k), C(O)NR^(k)S(O)₂R^(k), OC(O)R^(k), OC(O)NR^(k)R^(k), NHR^(k), NR^(k)R^(k), NR^(k)C(O)R^(k), NR^(k)C(═NR^(k))R^(k), NR^(k)C(O)NR^(k)R^(k), NR^(k)C(O)OR^(k), C(═NR^(k))NR^(k)R^(k), NR^(k)C(═NR^(k))NR^(k)R^(k), S(O)R^(k), S(O)NR^(k)R^(k), S(O)₂R^(k), S(O)₂NR^(k)C(O)R^(k), NR^(k)S(O)₂R^(k), NR^(k)S(O)₂NR^(k)R^(k), —P(O)R^(k)R^(k), —P(O)(OR^(k))(OR^(k)), —B(OH)₂, —B(OR^(k))₂ and S(O)₂NR^(k)R^(k), wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl, 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, C₂₋₄ alkynyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, and C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy of R^(j) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

or two R^(h) groups attached to the same carbon atom of the 4- to 10-membered heterocycloalkyl taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl or 4- to 6-membered heterocycloalkyl having 1-2 heteroatoms as ring members selected from O, N or S;

or any two R^(c) substituents together with the boron, phosphorus or nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

or any two R^(e) substituents together with the boron, phosphorus or nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

or any two R^(g) substituents together with the boron, phosphorus or nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

or any two R^(i) substituents together with the boron, phosphorus or nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents, or 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

or any two R^(k) substituents together with the boron, phosphorus or nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents, or 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

or any two R^(o) substituents together with the boron, phosphorus or nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

or any two R^(r) substituents together with the boron, phosphorus or nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

each R^(i), R^(k), R^(o) or R^(r) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5 or 6-membered heteroaryl, 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, and C₂₋₄ alkynyl, wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5 or 6-membered heteroaryl, 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, and C₂₋₄ alkynyl of R^(i), R^(k), R^(o) or R^(r) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

each R^(q) is independently selected from halo, OH, CN, —COOH, NH₂, —NH—C₁₋₆ alkyl, —N(C₁₋₆ alkyl)₂, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ alkoxy, C₁₋₆ alkylthio, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, phenyl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl, 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl and C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, phenyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl, and 5-6 membered heteroaryl of R^(q) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 substituents independently selected from halo, OH, CN, —COOH, NH₂, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, phenyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl and 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl;

the subscript m is an integer of 0, 1, 2 or 3;

the subscript n is an integer of 0, 1, 2 or 3;

each subscript q is independently an integer of 1, 2, 3 or 4; and

the subscript s is an integer of 1, 2, 3 or 4.

In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides compounds of Formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein:

ring A is 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, 4- to 14-membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl or C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, wherein the 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl and 4- to 14-membered heterocycloalkyl each has 1-4 heteroatoms as ring members selected from B, P, N, O and S, wherein the P, N or S atom as ring members is optionally oxidized and one or more carbon atoms as ring members are each optionally replaced by a carbonyl group; and wherein ring A is optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 R⁶ substituents;

L is a bond, —C(O)NR¹³—, —NR¹³C(O)—, O, —(CR⁴R⁵)—, —(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—O—, —O(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—, —NR¹³, —(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—NR¹³—, —NR¹³—(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—, —CH═CH—, —C≡C—, —SO₂NR¹³—, —NR¹³SO₂—, —NR¹³SO₂NR¹³—, —NR¹³C(O)O—, —OC(O)NR¹³— or —NR¹³C(O)NR¹³—;

R³ is methyl, halo, CN or C₁₋₄ haloalkyl; R⁴ is C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, OH, —COOH, NH₂, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl or —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂;

R⁵ is C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, OH, —COOH, NH₂, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl or —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂;

R⁶ and R¹⁷ are each independently selected from H, halo, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, 5-14 membered heteroaryl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, CN, NO₂, OR^(a), SR^(a), NHOR^(a), C(O)R^(a), C(O)NR^(a)R^(a), C(O)OR^(a), OC(O)R^(a), OC(O)NR^(a)R^(a), NHR^(a), NR^(a)R^(a), NR^(a)C(O)R^(a), NR^(a)C(O)OR^(a), NR^(a)C(O)NR^(a)R^(a), C(═NR^(a))R^(a), C(═NOH)R^(a), C(═NOH)NR^(a), C(═NCN)NR^(a)R^(a), NR^(a)C(═NCN)NR^(a)R^(a), C(═NR^(a))NR^(a)R^(a), NR^(a)C(═NR^(a))NR^(a)R^(a), NR^(a)S(O)R^(a), NR^(a)S(O)₂R^(a), NR^(a)S(O)₂NR^(a)R^(a), S(O)R^(a), S(O)NR^(a)R^(a), S(O)₂R^(a), —P(O)R^(a)R^(a), —P(O)(OR^(a))(OR^(a)), —B(OH)₂, —B(OR^(a))₂ and S(O)₂NR^(a)R^(a), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, 5-14 membered heteroaryl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R⁶ and R¹⁷ are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 independently selected R^(b) substituents;

or two R⁶ substituents attached to the same ring carbon atom taken together with the ring carbon atom to which they are attached form spiro C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl or spiro 4- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(f) substituents;

each R¹³ is independently H, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl or C₁₋₆ alkyl optionally substituted with a substituent selected from C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, OH, —COOH, NH₂, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl and —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂;

R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ are each independently selected from H, halo, CN, OH, —COOH, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl, —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, phenyl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl and 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁-4 alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, phenyl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl and 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl of R¹⁴ or R¹⁵ are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

or R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered cycloalkyl or 3-, 4-, 5-, 6- or 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 independently selected R^(q) substituents; each R^(a) is independently selected from H, CN, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, 5-14 membered heteroaryl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, 5-14 membered heteroaryl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(a) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 independently selected R^(d) substituents;

each R^(d) is independently selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, halo, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, CN, NH₂, NHOR^(e), OR^(e), SR^(e), C(O)R^(e), C(O)NR^(e)R^(e), C(O)OR^(e), OC(O)R^(e), OC(O)NR^(e)R^(e), NHR^(e), NR^(e)R^(e), NR^(e)C(O)R^(e), NR^(e)C(O)NR^(e)R^(e), NR^(e)C(O)OR^(e), C(═NR^(e))NR^(e)R^(e), NR^(e)C(═NR^(e))NR^(e)R^(e), NR^(e)C(═NOH)NR^(e)R^(e), NR^(e)C(═NCN)NR^(e)R^(e), S(O)R^(e), S(O)NR^(e)R^(e), S(O)₂R^(e), NR^(e)S(O)₂R^(e), NR^(e)S(O)₂NR^(e)R^(e), —P(O)R^(e)R^(e), —P(O)(OR^(e))(OR^(e)), —B(OH)₂, —B(OR^(e))₂ and S(O)₂NR^(e)R^(e), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5-14 membered heteroaryl, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(d) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(f) substituents;

each R^(e) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(e) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(f) substituents;

each R^(b) substituent is independently selected from halo, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, CN, OH, NH₂, NO₂, NHOR^(c), OR^(c), SR^(c), C(O)R^(c), C(O)NR^(c)R^(c), C(O)OR^(c), OC(O)R^(c), OC(O)NR^(c)R^(c), C(═NOH)R^(c), C(═NOH)NR^(c), C(═NCN)NR^(c)R^(c), NR^(c)C(═NCN)NR^(c)R^(c), C(═NR^(c))NR^(c)R^(c), NR^(c)C(═NR)NR^(c)R^(c), NHR^(c), NR^(c)R^(c), NR^(c)C(O)R^(c), NR^(c)C(O)OR^(c), NR^(c)C(O)NR^(c)R^(c), NR^(c)S(O)R^(c), NR^(c)S(O)₂R^(c), NR^(c)S(O)₂NR^(c)R^(c), S(O)R^(c), S(O)NR^(c)R^(c), S(O)₂R^(c), —P(O)R^(c)R^(c), —P(O)(OR^(c))(OR^(c)), —B(OH)₂, —B(OR^(c))₂ and S(O)₂NR^(c)R^(c); wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(b) are each further optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(d) substituents;

each R^(c) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(c) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 independently selected R^(f) substituents;

each R^(f) is independently selected from C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, halo, CN, NHOR^(g), OR^(g), SR^(g), C(O)R^(g), C(O)NR^(g)R^(g), C(O)OR^(g), OC(O)R^(g), OC(O)NR^(g)R^(g), NHR^(g), NR^(g)R^(g), NR^(g)C(O)R^(g), NR^(g)C(O)NR^(g)R^(g), NR^(g)C(O)OR^(g), C(═NR^(g))NR^(g)R^(g), NR^(g)C(═NR^(g))NR^(g)R^(g), S(O)R^(g), S(O)NR^(g)R^(g), S(O)₂R, NR^(g)S(O)₂R^(g), NR^(g)S(O)₂NR^(g)R^(g), —P(O)R^(g)R^(g), —P(O)(OR^(g))(OR^(g)), —B(OH)₂, —B(OR^(g))₂ and S(O)₂NR^(g)R^(g); wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(f) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 independently selected R^(n) substituents;

each R^(n) is substituents independently selected from C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, halo, CN, NHOR^(o), OR^(o), SR^(o), C(O)R^(o), C(O)NR^(o)R^(o), C(O)OR^(o), OC(O)R^(o), OC(O)NR^(o)R^(o), NHR^(o), NR^(o)R^(o), NR^(o)C(O)R^(o), NR^(o)C(O)NR^(o)R^(o), NR^(o)C(O)OR^(o), C(═NR)NR^(o)R^(o), NR^(o)C(═NR)NR^(o)R^(o), S(O)R^(o), S(O)NR^(o)R^(o), S(O)₂R^(o), NR^(o)S(O)₂R, NR^(o)S(O)₂NR^(o)R^(o), —P(O)R^(o)R^(o), —P(O)(OR^(o))(OR^(o)), —B(OH)₂, —B(OR^(o))₂ and S(O)₂NR^(o)R^(o), wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(n) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

each R^(g) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(g) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(p) substituents;

each R^(p) is independently selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, halo, CN, NHOR^(r), OR^(r), SR^(r), C(O)R^(r), C(O)NR^(r)R^(r), C(O)OR^(r), OC(O)R^(r), OC(O)NR^(r)R^(r), NHR^(r), NR^(r)R^(r), NR^(r)C(O)R^(r), NR^(r)C(O)NR^(r)R^(r), NR^(r)C(O)OR^(r), C(═NR^(r))NR^(r)R^(r), NR^(r)C(═NR^(r))NR^(r)R^(r), NR^(r)C(═NOH)NR^(r)R^(r), NR^(r)C(═NCN)NR^(r)R^(r), S(O)R^(r), S(O)NR^(r)R^(r), S(O)₂R^(r), NR^(r)S(O)₂R^(r), NR^(r)S(O)₂NR^(r)R^(r), —P(O)R^(r)R^(r), —P(O)(OR^(r))(OR^(r)), —B(OH)₂, —B(OR^(r))₂ and S(O)₂NR^(r)R^(r), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(p) is optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

or any two R^(a) substituents together with the boron, phosphorus or nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

each R^(h) is independently selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, halo, CN, OR^(i), SR^(i), NHOR^(i), C(O)R^(i), C(O)NR^(i)R^(i), C(O)OR¹¹, OC(O)R^(i), OC(O)NR^(i)R^(i), NHR^(i), NR^(i)R^(i), NR^(i)C(O)R^(i), NR^(i)C(O)NR^(i)R^(i), NR^(i)C(O)OR^(i), C(═NR^(i))NR^(i)R^(i), NR^(i)C(═NR^(i))NR^(i)R^(i), S(O)R^(i), S(O)NR^(i)R^(i), S(O)₂R^(i), NR^(i)S(O)₂R^(i), NR^(i)S(O)₂NR^(i)R^(i), —P(O)R^(i)R^(i), —P(O)(OR^(i))(OR^(i)), —B(OH)₂, —B(OR^(i))₂ and S(O)₂NR^(i)R^(i), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(h) are each further optionally substituted by 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(j) substituents;

each R^(j) is independently selected from C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5 or 6-membered heteroaryl, 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, C₂₋₄ alkynyl, halo, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, NHOR^(k), OR^(k), SR^(k), C(O)R^(k), C(O)NR^(k)R^(k), C(O)OR^(k), OC(O)R^(k), OC(O)NR^(k)R^(k), NHR^(k), NR^(k)R^(k), NR^(k)C(O)R^(k), NR^(k)C(O)NR^(k)R^(k), NR^(k)C(O)OR^(k), C(═NR^(k))NR^(k)R^(k), NR^(k)C(═NR^(k))NR^(k)R^(k), S(O)R^(k), S(O)NR^(k)R^(k), S(O)₂R^(k), NR^(k)S(O)₂R^(k), NR^(k)S(O)₂NR^(k)R^(k), —P(O)R^(k)R^(k), —P(O)(OR^(k))(OR^(k)), —B(OH)₂, —B(OR^(k))₂ and S(O)₂NR^(k)R^(k), wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl, 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, C₂₋₄ alkynyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, and C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy of R^(j) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

or two R^(h) groups attached to the same carbon atom of the 4- to 10-membered heterocycloalkyl taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl or 4- to 6-membered heterocycloalkyl having 1-2 heteroatoms as ring members selected from O, N or S;

or any two R^(c) substituents together with the boron, phosphorus or nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

or any two R^(e) substituents together with the boron, phosphorus or nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

or any two R^(g) substituents together with the boron, phosphorus or nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

or any two R^(i) substituents together with the boron, phosphorus or nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents, or 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

or any two R^(k) substituents together with the boron, phosphorus or nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents, or 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

or any two R^(o) substituents together with the boron, phosphorus or nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

or any two R^(r) substituents together with the boron, phosphorus or nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

each R^(i), R^(k), R^(o) or R^(r) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5 or 6-membered heteroaryl, 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, and C₂₋₄ alkynyl, wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5 or 6-membered heteroaryl, 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, and C₂₋₄ alkynyl of R^(i), R^(k), R^(o) or R^(r) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

each R^(q) is independently selected from halo, OH, CN, —COOH, NH₂, —NH—C₁₋₆ alkyl, —N(C₁₋₆ alkyl)₂, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ alkoxy, C₁₋₆ alkylthio, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, phenyl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl, 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl and C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, phenyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl, and 5-6 membered heteroaryl of R^(q) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 substituents independently selected from halo, OH, CN, —COOH, NH₂, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, phenyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl and 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl;

the subscript m is an integer of 0, 1, 2 or 3;

the subscript n is an integer of 0, 1, 2 or 3;

each subscript q is independently an integer of 1, 2, 3 or 4; and

the subscript s is an integer of 1, 2, 3 or 4.

In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides compounds of Formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein:

ring A is 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, 4- to 14-membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl or C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, wherein the 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl and 4- to 14-membered heterocycloalkyl each has 1-4 heteroatoms as ring members selected from B, P, N, O and S, wherein the P, N or S atom as ring members is optionally oxidized and one or more carbon atoms as ring members are each optionally replaced by a carbonyl group; and wherein ring A is optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 R⁶ substituents;

L is a bond, —C(O)NR¹³—, —NR¹³C(O)—, O, —(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q), —(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—O—, —O(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—, —NR¹³—, —(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—NR¹³—, —NR¹³—(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—, —CH═CH—, —C≡C—, —SO₂NR¹³—, —NR¹³SO₂—, —NR¹³SO₂NR¹³—, —NR¹³C(O)O—, —OC(O)NR¹³— or —NR¹³C(O)NR¹³—;

R³ is methyl, halo, CN or C₁₋₄ haloalkyl;

R⁴ is C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, OH, —COOH, NH₂, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl or —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂;

R⁵ is C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, OH, —COOH, NH₂, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl or —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂;

R⁶ and R¹⁷ are each independently selected from H, halo, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, 5-14 membered heteroaryl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, CN, NO₂, OR^(a), SR^(a), NHOR^(a), C(O)R^(a), C(O)NR^(a)R^(a), C(O)OR^(a), OC(O)R^(a), OC(O)NR^(a)R^(a), NHR^(a), NR^(a)R^(a), NR^(a)C(O)R^(a), NR^(a)C(O)OR^(a), NR^(a)C(O)NR^(a)R^(a), C(═NR^(a))R^(a), C(═NOH)R^(a), C(═NOH)NR^(a), C(═NCN)NR^(a)R^(a), NR^(a)C(═NCN)NR^(a)R^(a), C(═NR^(a))NR^(a)R^(a), NR^(a)C(═NR^(a))NR^(a)R^(a), NR^(a)S(O)R^(a), NR^(a)S(O)₂R^(a), NR^(a)S(O)₂NR^(a)R^(a), S(O)R^(a), S(O)NR^(a)R^(a), S(O)₂R^(a), —P(O)R^(a)R^(a), —P(O)(OR^(a))(OR^(a)), —B(OH)₂, —B(OR^(a))₂ and S(O)₂NR^(a)R^(a), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, 5-14 membered heteroaryl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R⁶ and R¹⁷ are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 independently selected R^(b) substituents;

or two R⁶ substituents attached to the same ring carbon atom taken together with the ring carbon atom to which they are attached form spiro C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl or spiro 4- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(f) substituents;

each R¹³ is independently H, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl or C₁₋₆ alkyl optionally substituted with a substituent selected from C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, OH, —COOH, NH₂, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl and —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂;

R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ are each independently selected from H, halo, CN, OH, —COOH, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl, —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, phenyl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl and 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, phenyl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl and 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl of R¹⁴ or R¹⁵ are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

or R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered cycloalkyl or 3-, 4-, 5-, 6- or 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

each R^(a) is independently selected from H, CN, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, 5-14 membered heteroaryl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, 5-14 membered heteroaryl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(a) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 independently selected R^(d) substituents;

each R^(d) is independently selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, halo, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, CN, NH₂, NHOR^(e), OR^(e), SR^(e), C(O)R^(e), C(O)NR^(e)R^(e), C(O)OR^(e), OC(O)R^(e), OC(O)NR^(e)R^(e), NHR^(e), NR^(e)R^(e), NR^(e)C(O)R^(e), NR^(e)C(O)NR^(e)R^(e), NR^(e)C(O)OR^(e), C(═NR^(e))NR^(e)R^(e), NR^(e)C(═NR^(e))NR^(e)R^(e), NR^(e)C(═NOH)NR^(e)R^(e), NR^(e)C(═NCN)NR^(e)R^(e), S(O)R^(e), S(O)NR^(e)R^(e), S(O)₂R^(e), NR^(e)S(O)₂R^(e), NR^(e)S(O)₂NR^(e)R^(e), —P(O)R^(e)R^(e), —P(O)(OR^(e))(OR^(e)), —B(OH)₂, —B(OR^(e))₂ and S(O)₂NR^(e)R^(e), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5-14 membered heteroaryl, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(d) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(f) substituents;

each R^(e) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(e) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(f) substituents;

each R^(b) substituent is independently selected from halo, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, CN, OH, NH₂, NO₂, NHOR^(c), OR^(c), SR^(c), C(O)R^(c), C(O)NR^(c)R^(c), C(O)OR^(c), OC(O)R^(c), OC(O)NR^(c)R^(c), C(═NOH)R^(c), C(═NOH)NR^(c), C(═NCN)NR^(c)R^(c), NR^(c)C(═NCN)NR^(c)R^(c), C(═NR^(c))NR^(c)R^(c), NR^(c)C(═NR)NR^(c)R^(c), NHR^(c), NR^(c)R^(c), NR^(c)C(O)R^(c), NR^(c)C(O)OR^(c), NR^(c)C(O)NR^(c)R^(c), NR^(c)S(O)R^(c), NR^(c)S(O)₂R^(c), NR^(c)S(O)₂NR^(c)R^(c), S(O)R^(c), S(O)NR^(c)R^(c), S(O)₂R^(c), —P(O)R^(c)R^(c), —P(O)(OR^(c))(OR^(c)), —B(OH)₂, —B(OR^(c))₂ and S(O)₂NR^(c)R^(c); wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(b) are each further optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(d) substituents;

each R^(c) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(c) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 independently selected R^(f) substituents;

each R^(f) is independently selected from C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, halo, CN, NHOR^(g), OR^(g), SR^(g), C(O)R^(g), C(O)NR^(g)R^(g), C(O)OR^(g), OC(O)R^(g), OC(O)NR^(g)R^(g), NHR^(g), NR^(g)R^(g), NR^(g)C(O)R^(g), NR^(g)C(O)NR^(g)R^(g), NR^(g)C(O)OR^(g), C(═NR^(g))NR^(g)R^(g), NR^(g)C(═NR^(g))NR^(g)R^(g), S(O)R^(g), S(O)NR^(g)R^(g), S(O)₂R, NR^(g)S(O)₂R^(g), NR^(g)S(O)₂NR^(g)R^(g), —P(O)R^(g)R^(g), —P(O)(OR^(g))(OR^(g)), —B(OH)₂, —B(OR^(g))₂ and S(O)₂NR^(g)R^(g); wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(f) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 independently selected R^(n) substituents;

each R^(n) is substituents independently selected from C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, halo, CN, NHOR^(o), OR^(o), SR^(o), C(O)R^(o), C(O)NR^(o)R^(o), C(O)OR^(o), OC(O)R^(o), OC(O)NR^(o)R^(o), NHR^(o), NR^(o)R^(o), NR^(o)C(O)R^(o), NR^(o)C(O)NR^(o)R^(o), NR^(o)C(O)OR^(o), C(═NR)NR^(o)R^(o), NR^(o)C(═NR)NR^(o)R^(o), S(O)R^(o), S(O)NR^(o)R^(o), S(O)₂R^(o), NR^(o)S(O)₂R, NR^(o)S(O)₂NR^(o)R^(o), —P(O)R^(o)R^(o), —P(O)(OR^(o))(OR^(o)), —B(OH)₂, —B(OR^(o))₂ and S(O)₂NR^(o)R^(o), wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(n) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

each R^(g) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(g) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(p) substituents;

each R^(p) is independently selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, halo, CN, NHOR^(r), OR^(r), SR^(r), C(O)R^(r), C(O)NR^(r)R^(r), C(O)OR^(r), OC(O)R^(r), OC(O)NR^(r)R^(r), NHR^(r), NR^(r)R^(r), NR^(r)C(O)R^(r), NR^(r)C(O)NR^(r)R^(r), NR^(r)C(O)OR^(r), C(═NR^(r))NR^(r)R^(r), NR^(r)C(═NR^(r))NR^(r)R^(r), NR^(r)C(═NOH)NR^(r)R^(r), NR^(r)C(═NCN)NR^(r)R^(r), S(O)R^(r), S(O)NR^(r)R^(r), S(O)₂R^(r), NR^(r)S(O)₂R^(r), NR^(r)S(O)₂NR^(r)R^(r), —P(O)R^(r)R^(r), —P(O)(OR^(r))(OR^(r)), —B(OH)₂, —B(OR^(r))₂ and S(O)₂NR^(r)R^(r), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(p) is optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

or any two R^(a) substituents together with the boron, phosphorus or nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

each R^(h) is independently selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, halo, CN, OR^(i), SR^(i), NHOR^(i), C(O)R^(i), C(O)NR^(i)R^(i), C(O)OR^(i), OC(O)R^(i), OC(O)NR^(i)R^(i), NHR^(i), NR^(i)R^(i), NR^(i)C(O)R^(i), NR^(i)C(O)NR^(i)R^(i), NR^(i)C(O)OR^(i), C(═NR^(i))NR^(i)R^(i), NR^(i)C(═NR^(i))NR^(i)R^(i), S(O)R^(i), S(O)NR^(i)R^(i), S(O)₂R^(i), NR^(i)S(O)₂R^(i), NR^(i)S(O)₂NR^(i)R^(i), —P(O)R^(i)R^(i), —P(O)(OR^(i))(OR^(i)), —B(OH)₂, —B(OR^(i))₂ and S(O)₂NR^(i)R^(i), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(h) are each further optionally substituted by 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(j) substituents;

each R^(j) is independently selected from C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5 or 6-membered heteroaryl, 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, C₂₋₄ alkynyl, halo, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, NHOR^(k), OR^(k), SR^(k), C(O)R^(k), C(O)NR^(k)R^(k), C(O)OR^(k), OC(O)R^(k), OC(O)NR^(k)R^(k), NHR^(k), NR^(k)R^(k), NR^(k)C(O)R^(k), NR^(k)C(O)NR^(k)R^(k), NR^(k)C(O)OR^(k), C(═NR^(k))NR^(k)R^(k), NR^(k)C(═NR^(k))NR^(k)R^(k), S(O)R^(k), S(O)NR^(k)R^(k), S(O)₂R^(k), NR^(k)S(O)₂R^(k), NR^(k)S(O)₂NR^(k)R^(k), —P(O)R^(k)R^(k), —P(O)(OR^(k))(OR^(k)), —B(OH)₂, —B(OR^(k))₂ and S(O)₂NR^(k)R^(k), wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl, 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, C₂₋₄ alkynyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, and C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy of R^(j) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

or two R^(h) groups attached to the same carbon atom of the 4- to 10-membered heterocycloalkyl taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl or 4- to 6-membered heterocycloalkyl having 1-2 heteroatoms as ring members selected from O, N or S;

or any two R^(c) substituents together with the boron, phosphorus or nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

or any two R^(e) substituents together with the boron, phosphorus or nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

or any two R^(g) substituents together with the boron, phosphorus or nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

or any two R^(i) substituents together with the boron, phosphorus or nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

or any two R^(k) substituents together with the boron, phosphorus or nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

or any two R^(o) substituents together with the boron, phosphorus or nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

or any two R^(r) substituents together with the boron, phosphorus or nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

each R^(i), R^(k), R^(o) or R^(r) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5 or 6-membered heteroaryl, 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, and C₂₋₄ alkynyl, wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5 or 6-membered heteroaryl, 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, and C₂₋₄ alkynyl of R^(i), R^(k), R^(o) or R^(r) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

each R^(q) is independently selected from halo, OH, CN, —COOH, NH₂, —NH—C₁₋₆ alkyl, —N(C₁₋₆ alky)₂, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ alkoxy, C₁₋₆ alkylthio, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, phenyl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl, 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl and C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, phenyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl, and 5-6 membered heteroaryl of R^(q) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 substituents independently selected from halo, OH, CN, —COOH, NH₂, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, phenyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl and 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl;

the subscript m is an integer of 0, 1, 2 or 3;

the subscript n is an integer of 0, 1, 2 or 3;

each subscript q is independently an integer of 1, 2, 3 or 4; and

the subscript s is an integer of 1, 2, 3 or 4.

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound of Formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein:

ring A is 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, 4- to 14-membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl or C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, wherein the 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl and 4- to 14-membered heterocycloalkyl each has 1-4 heteroatoms as ring members selected from N, O and S, wherein the N or S atom as ring members is optionally oxidized and one or more carbon atoms as ring members are each optionally replaced by a carbonyl group; and wherein ring A is optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 R⁶ substituents;

L is a bond, —C(O)NR¹³—, —NR¹³C(O)—, O, —(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—, —(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—O—, —O(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—, —NR¹³—, (CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—NR¹³—, —NR¹³—(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—, —CH═CH—, —C≡C—, —SO₂NR¹³, —NR¹³SO₂—, —NR¹³SO₂NR¹³—, —NR¹³C(O)O—, —OC(O)NR¹³— or —NR¹³C(O)NR¹³—;

R³ is methyl, halo, CN or C₁₋₄ haloalkyl;

R⁴ is C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, OH, —COOH, NH₂, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl or —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂;

R⁵ is C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, OH, —COOH, NH₂, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl or —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂;

R⁶ and R¹⁷ are each independently selected from H, halo, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, 5-14 membered heteroaryl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, CN, NO₂, OR^(a), SR^(a), NHOR^(a), C(O)R^(a), C(O)NR^(a)R^(a), C(O)OR^(a), OC(O)R^(a), OC(O)NR^(a)R^(a), NHR^(a), NR^(a)R^(a), NR^(a)C(O)R^(a), NR^(a)C(O)OR^(a), NR^(a)C(O)NR^(a)R^(a), C(═NR^(a))R^(a), C(═NOH)R^(a), C(═NOH)NR^(a), C(═NCN)NR^(a)R^(a), NR^(a)C(═NCN)NR^(a)R^(a), C(═NR^(a))NR^(a)R^(a), NR^(a)C(═NR^(a))NR^(a)R^(a), NR^(a)S(O)R^(a), NR^(a)S(O)₂R^(a), NR^(a)S(O)₂NR^(a)R^(a), S(O)R^(a), S(O)NR^(a)R^(a), S(O)₂R^(a), and S(O)₂NR^(a)R^(a), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, 5-14 membered heteroaryl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R⁶ and R¹⁷ are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 independently selected R^(b) substituents;

or two R⁶ substituents attached to the same ring carbon atom taken together with the ring carbon atom to which they are attached form spiro C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl or spiro 4- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(f) substituents;

each R¹³ is independently H, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl or C₁₋₆ alkyl optionally substituted with a substituent selected from C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, OH, —COOH, NH₂, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl and —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂;

R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ are each independently selected from H, halo, CN, OH, —COOH, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl, —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, phenyl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl and 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, phenyl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl and 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl of R¹⁴ or R¹⁵ are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

or R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered cycloalkyl or 3-, 4-, 5-, 6- or 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

each R^(a) is independently selected from H, CN, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, 5-14 membered heteroaryl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, 5-14 membered heteroaryl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(a) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 independently selected R^(d) substituents;

each R^(d) is independently selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, halo, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, CN, NH₂, NHOR^(e), OR^(e), SR^(e), C(O)R^(e), C(O)NR^(e)R^(e), C(O)OR^(e), OC(O)R^(e), OC(O)NR^(e)R^(e), NHR^(e), NR^(e)R^(e), NR^(e)C(O)R^(e), NR^(e)C(O)NR^(e)R^(e), NR^(e)C(O)OR^(e), C(═NR^(e))NR^(e)R^(e), NR^(e)C(═NR^(e))NR^(e)R^(e), NR^(e)C(═NOH)NR^(e)R^(e), NR^(e)C(═NCN)NR^(e)R^(e), S(O)R^(e), S(O)NR^(e)R^(e), S(O)₂R^(e), NR^(e)S(O)₂R^(e), NR^(e)S(O)₂NR^(e)R^(e), and S(O)₂NR^(e)R^(e), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁-6 haloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5-14 membered heteroaryl, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(d) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(f) substituents;

each R^(e) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(e) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(f) substituents;

each R^(b) substituent is independently selected from halo, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, CN, OH, NH₂, NO₂, NHOR^(c), OR^(c), SR^(c), C(O)R^(c), C(O)NR^(c)R^(c), C(O)OR^(c), OC(O)R^(c), OC(O)NR^(c)R^(c), C(═NOH)R^(c), C(═NOH)NR^(c), C(═NCN)NR^(c)R^(c), NR^(c)C(═NCN)NR^(c)R^(c), C(═NR^(c))NR^(c)R^(c), NR^(c)C(═NR)NR^(c)R^(c), NHR^(c), NR^(c)R^(c), NR^(c)C(O)R^(c), NR^(c)C(O)OR^(c), NR^(c)C(O)NR^(c)R^(c), NR^(c)S(O)R^(c), NR^(c)S(O)₂R^(c), NR^(c)S(O)₂NR^(c)R^(c), S(O)R^(c), S(O)NR^(c)R^(c), S(O)₂R^(c) and S(O)₂NR^(c)R^(c); wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(b) are each further optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(d) substituents;

each R^(c) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(c) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 independently selected R^(f) substituents;

each R^(f) is independently selected from C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, halo, CN, NHOR^(g), OR^(g), SR^(g), C(O)R^(g), C(O)NR^(g)R^(g), C(O)OR^(g), OC(O)R^(g), OC(O)NR^(g)R^(g), NHR^(g), NR^(g)R^(g), NR^(g)C(O)R^(g), NR^(g)C(O)NR^(g)R^(g), NR^(g)C(O)OR^(g), C(═NR^(g))NR^(g)R^(g), NR^(g)C(═NR^(g))NR^(g)R^(g), S(O)R^(g), S(O)NR^(g)R^(g), S(O)₂R, NR^(g)S(O)₂R^(g), NR^(g)S(O)₂NR^(g)R^(g), and S(O)₂NR^(g)R^(g); wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(f) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 independently selected R^(n) substituents;

each R^(n) is substituents independently selected from C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, halo, CN, NHOR^(o), OR^(o), SR^(o), C(O)R^(o), C(O)NR^(o)R^(o), C(O)OR^(o), OC(O)R^(o), OC(O)NR^(o)R^(o), NHR^(o), NR^(o)R^(o), NR^(o)C(O)R^(o), NR^(o)C(O)NR^(o)R^(o), NR^(o)C(O)OR^(o), C(═NR)NR^(o)R^(o), NR^(o)C(═NR)NR^(o)R^(o), S(O)R^(o), S(O)NR^(o)R^(o), S(O)₂R^(o), NR^(o)S(O)₂R, NR^(o)S(O)₂NR^(o)R^(o), and S(O)₂NR^(o)R^(o), wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(n) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

each R^(g) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(g) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(p) substituents;

each R^(p) is independently selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, halo, CN, NHOR^(r), OR^(r), SR^(r), C(O)R^(r), C(O)NR^(r)R^(r), C(O)OR^(r), OC(O)R^(r), OC(O)NR^(r)R^(r), NHR^(r), NR^(r)R^(r), NR^(r)C(O)R^(r), NR^(r)C(O)NR^(r)R^(r), NR^(r)C(O)OR^(r), C(═NR^(r))NR^(r)R^(r), NR^(r)C(═NR^(r))NR^(r)R^(r), NR^(r)C(═NOH)NR^(r)R^(r), NR^(r)C(═NCN)NR^(r)R^(r), S(O)R^(r), S(O)NR^(r)R^(r), S(O)₂R^(r), NR^(r)S(O)₂R^(r), NR^(r)S(O)₂NR^(r)R^(r) and S(O)₂NR^(r)R^(r), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(p) is optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

or any two R^(a) substituents together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

each R^(h) is independently selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, halo, CN, OR^(i), SR^(i), NHOR^(i), C(O)R^(i), C(O)NR^(i)R^(i), C(O)OR^(i), OC(O)R^(i), OC(O)NR^(i)R^(i), NHR^(i), NR^(i)R^(i), NR^(i)C(O)R^(i), NR^(i)C(O)NR^(i)R^(i), NR^(i)C(O)OR^(i), C(═NR^(i))NR^(i)R^(i), NR^(i)C(═NR^(i))NR^(i)R^(i), S(O)R^(i), S(O)NR^(i)R^(i), S(O)₂R^(i), NR^(i)S(O)₂R^(i), NR^(i)S(O)₂NR^(i)R^(i), and S(O)₂NR^(i)R^(i), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(h) are each further optionally substituted by 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(j) substituents;

each R^(j) is independently selected from C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5 or 6-membered heteroaryl, 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, C₂₋₄ alkynyl, halo, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, NHOR^(k), OR^(k), SR^(k), C(O)R^(k), C(O)NR^(k)R^(k), C(O)OR^(k), OC(O)R^(k), OC(O)NR^(k)R^(k), NHR^(k), NR^(k)R^(k), NR^(k)C(O)R^(k), NR^(k)C(O)NR^(k)R^(k), NR^(k)C(O)OR^(k), C(═NR^(k))NR^(k)R^(k), NR^(k)C(═NR^(k))NR^(k)R^(k), S(O)R^(k), S(O)NR^(k)R^(k), S(O)₂R^(k), NR^(k)S(O)₂R^(k), NR^(k)S(O)₂NR^(k)R^(k), and S(O)₂NR^(k)R^(k), wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl, 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, C₂₋₄ alkynyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, and C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy of R^(j) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

or two R^(h) groups attached to the same carbon atom of the 4- to 10-membered heterocycloalkyl taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl or 4- to 6-membered heterocycloalkyl having 1-2 heteroatoms as ring members selected from O, N or S;

or any two R^(c) substituents together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

or any two R^(e) substituents together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

or any two R^(g) substituents together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

or any two R^(i) substituents together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents, or 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

or any two R^(k) substituents together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents, or 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

or any two R^(o) substituents together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

or any two R^(r) substituents together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

each R^(i), R^(k), R^(o) or R^(r) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5 or 6-membered heteroaryl, 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, and C₂₋₄ alkynyl, wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5 or 6-membered heteroaryl, 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, and C₂₋₄ alkynyl of R^(i), R^(k), R^(o) or R^(r) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

each R^(q) is independently selected from halo, OH, CN, —COOH, NH₂, —NH—C₁₋₆ alkyl, —N(C₁₋₆ alky)₂, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ alkoxy, C₁₋₆ alkylthio, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, phenyl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl, 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl and C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, phenyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl, and 5-6 membered heteroaryl of R^(q) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 substituents independently selected from halo, OH, CN, —COOH, NH₂, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, phenyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl and 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl;

the subscript m is an integer of 0, 1, 2 or 3;

the subscript n is an integer of 0, 1, 2 or 3;

each subscript q is independently an integer of 1, 2, 3 or 4; and the subscript s is an integer of 1, 2, 3 or 4.

In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides compounds of Formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein:

ring A is 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, 4- to 14-membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl or C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, wherein the 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl and 4- to 14-membered heterocycloalkyl each has 1-4 heteroatoms as ring members selected from N, O and S, wherein the N or S atom as ring members is optionally oxidized and one or more carbon atoms as ring members are each optionally replaced by a carbonyl group; and wherein ring A is optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 R⁶ substituents;

L is a bond, —C(O)NR¹³—, —NR¹³C(O)—, O, —(CR⁴R⁵)—, —(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—O—, —O(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—, —NR¹³—, —(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—NR¹³—, —NR¹³—(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—, —CH═CH—, —C≡C—, —SO₂NR¹³—, —NR¹³SO₂—, —NR¹³SO₂NR¹³—, —NR¹³C(O)O—, —OC(O)NR¹³— or —NR¹³C(O)NR¹³—;

R³ is methyl, halo, CN or C₁₋₄ haloalkyl;

R⁴ is C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, OH, —COOH, NH₂, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl or —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂;

R⁵ is C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, OH, —COOH, NH₂, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl or —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂;

R⁶ and R¹⁷ are each independently selected from H, halo, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, 5-14 membered heteroaryl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, CN, NO₂, OR^(a), SR^(a), NHOR^(a), C(O)R^(a), C(O)NR^(a)R^(a), C(O)OR^(a), OC(O)R^(a), OC(O)NR^(a)R^(a), NHR^(a), NR^(a)R^(a), NR^(a)C(O)R^(a), NR^(a)C(O)OR^(a), NR^(a)C(O)NR^(a)R^(a), C(═NR^(a))R^(a), C(═NOH)R^(a), C(═NOH)NR^(a), C(═NCN)NR^(a)R^(a), NR^(a)C(═NCN)NR^(a)R^(a), C(═NR^(a))NR^(a)R^(a), NR^(a)C(═NR^(a))NR^(a)R^(a), NR^(a)S(O)R^(a), NR^(a)S(O)₂R^(a), NR^(a)S(O)₂NR^(a)R^(a), S(O)R^(a), S(O)NR^(a)R^(a), S(O)₂R^(a), and S(O)₂NR^(a)R^(a), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, 5-14 membered heteroaryl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R⁶ and R¹⁷ are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 independently selected R^(b) substituents;

or two R⁶ substituents attached to the same ring carbon atom taken together with the ring carbon atom to which they are attached form spiro C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl or spiro 4- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(f) substituents;

each R¹³ is independently H, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl or C₁₋₆ alkyl optionally substituted with a substituent selected from C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, OH, —COOH, NH₂, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl and —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂;

R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ are each independently selected from H, halo, CN, OH, —COOH, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl, —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, phenyl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl and 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁-4 alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, phenyl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl and 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl of R¹⁴ or R¹⁵ are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

or R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered cycloalkyl or 3-, 4-, 5-, 6- or 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

each R^(a) is independently selected from H, CN, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, 5-14 membered heteroaryl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, 5-14 membered heteroaryl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(a) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 independently selected R^(d) substituents;

each R^(d) is independently selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, halo, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, CN, NH₂, NHOR^(e), OR^(e), SR^(e), C(O)R^(e), C(O)NR^(e)R^(e), C(O)OR^(e), OC(O)R^(e), OC(O)NR^(e)R^(e), NHR^(e), NR^(e)R^(e), NR^(e)C(O)R^(e), NR^(e)C(O)NR^(e)R^(e), NR^(e)C(O)OR^(e), C(═NR^(e))NR^(e)R^(e), NR^(e)C(═NR^(e))NR^(e)R^(e), NR^(e)C(═NOH)NR^(e)R^(e), NR^(e)C(═NCN)NR^(e)R^(e), S(O)R^(e), S(O)NR^(e)R^(e), S(O)₂R^(e), NR^(e)S(O)₂R^(e), NR^(e)S(O)₂NR^(e)R^(e), and S(O)₂NR^(e)R^(e), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5-14 membered heteroaryl, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(d) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(f) substituents;

each R^(e) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(e) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(f) substituents;

each R^(b) substituent is independently selected from halo, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, CN, OH, NH₂, NO₂, NHOR^(c), OR^(c), SR^(c), C(O)R^(c), C(O)NR^(c)R^(c), C(O)OR^(c), OC(O)R^(c), OC(O)NR^(c)R^(c), C(═NOH)R^(c), C(═NOH)NR^(c), C(═NCN)NR^(c)R^(c), NR^(c)C(═NCN)NR^(c)R^(c), C(═NR^(c))NR^(c)R^(c), NR^(c)C(═NR^(c))NR^(c)R^(c), NHR^(c), NR^(c)R^(c), NR^(c)C(O)R^(c), NR^(c)C(O)OR^(c), NR^(c)C(O)NR^(c)R^(c), NR^(c)S(O)R^(c), NR^(c)S(O)₂R^(c), NR^(c)S(O)₂NR^(c)R^(c), S(O)R^(c), S(O)NR^(c)R^(c), S(O)₂R^(c) and S(O)₂NR^(c)R^(c); wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(b) are each further optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(d) substituents;

each R^(c) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(c) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 independently selected R^(f) substituents;

each R^(f) is independently selected from C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, halo, CN, NHOR^(g), OR^(g), SR^(g), C(O)R^(g), C(O)NR^(g)R^(g), C(O)OR^(g), OC(O)R^(g), OC(O)NR^(g)R^(g), NHR^(g), NR^(g)R^(g), NR^(g)C(O)R^(g), NR^(g)C(O)NR^(g)R^(g), NR^(g)C(O)OR^(g), C(═NR^(g))NR^(g)R^(g), NR^(g)C(═NR^(g))NR^(g)R^(g), S(O)R^(g), S(O)NR^(g)R^(g), S(O)₂R, NR^(g)S(O)₂R^(g), NR^(g)S(O)₂NR^(g)R^(g), and S(O)₂NR^(g)R^(g); wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(f) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 independently selected R^(n) substituents;

each R^(n) is substituents independently selected from C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, halo, CN, NHOR^(o), OR^(o), SR^(o), C(O)R^(o), C(O)NR^(o)R^(o), C(O)OR^(o), OC(O)R^(o), OC(O)NR^(o)R^(o), NHR^(o), NR^(o)R^(o), NR^(o)C(O)R^(o), NR^(o)C(O)NR^(o)R^(o), NR^(o)C(O)OR^(o), C(═NR)NR^(o)R^(o), NR^(o)C(═NR)NR^(o)R^(o), S(O)R^(o), S(O)NR^(o)R^(o), S(O)₂R^(o), NR^(o)S(O)₂R, NR^(o)S(O)₂NR^(o)R^(o), and S(O)₂NR^(o)R^(o), wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(n) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

each R^(g) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(g) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(p) substituents;

each R^(p) is independently selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, halo, CN, NHOR^(r), OR^(r), SR^(r), C(O)R^(r), C(O)NR^(r)R^(r), C(O)OR^(r), OC(O)R^(r), OC(O)NR^(r)R^(r), NHR^(r), NR^(r)R^(r), NR^(r)C(O)R^(r), NR^(r)C(O)NR^(r)R^(r), NR^(r)C(O)OR^(r), C(═NR^(r))NR^(r)R^(r), NR^(r)C(═NR^(r))NR^(r)R^(r), NR^(r)C(═NOH)NR^(r)R^(r), NR^(r)C(═NCN)NR^(r)R^(r), S(O)R^(r), S(O)NR^(r)R^(r), S(O)₂R^(r), NR^(r)S(O)₂R^(r), NR^(r)S(O)₂NR^(r)R^(r) and S(O)₂NR^(r)R^(r), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(p) is optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

or any two R^(a) substituents together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

each R^(h) is independently selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, halo, CN, OR^(i), SR^(i), NHOR^(i), C(O)R^(i), C(O)NR^(i)R^(i), C(O)OR^(i), OC(O)R^(i), OC(O)NR^(i)R^(i), NHR^(i), NR^(i)R^(i), NR^(i)C(O)R^(i), NR^(i)C(O)NR^(i)R^(i), NR^(i)C(O)OR^(i), C(═NR^(i))NR^(i)R^(i), NR^(i)C(═NR^(i))NR^(i)R^(i), S(O)R^(i), S(O)NR^(i)R^(i), S(O)₂R^(i), NR^(i)S(O)₂R^(i), NR^(i)S(O)₂NR^(i)R^(i), and S(O)₂NR^(i)R^(i), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁-4 alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(h) are each further optionally substituted by 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(j) substituents;

each R^(j) is independently selected from C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5 or 6-membered heteroaryl, 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, C₂₋₄ alkynyl, halo, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, NHOR^(k), OR^(k), SR^(k), C(O)R^(k), C(O)NR^(k)R^(k), C(O)OR^(k), OC(O)R^(k), OC(O)NR^(k)R^(k), NHR^(k), NR^(k)R^(k), NR^(k)C(O)R^(k), NR^(k)C(O)NR^(k)R^(k), NR^(k)C(O)OR^(k), C(═NR^(k))NR^(k)R^(k), NR^(k)C(═NR^(k))NR^(k)R^(k), S(O)R^(k), S(O)NR^(k)R^(k), S(O)₂R^(k), NR^(k)S(O)₂R^(k), NR^(k)S(O)₂NR^(k)R^(k), and S(O)₂NR^(k)R^(k), wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl, 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, C₂₋₄ alkynyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, and C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy of R^(j) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

or two R^(h) groups attached to the same carbon atom of the 4- to 10-membered heterocycloalkyl taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl or 4- to 6-membered heterocycloalkyl having 1-2 heteroatoms as ring members selected from O, N or S;

or any two R^(c) substituents together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

or any two R^(e) substituents together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

or any two R^(g) substituents together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

or any two R^(i) substituents together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

or any two R^(k) substituents together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

or any two R^(o) substituents together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

or any two R^(r) substituents together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

each R^(i), R^(k), R^(o) or R^(r) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5 or 6-membered heteroaryl, 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, and C₂₋₄ alkynyl, wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5 or 6-membered heteroaryl, 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, and C₂₋₄ alkynyl of R^(i), R^(k), R^(o) or R^(r) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

each R^(q) is independently selected from halo, OH, CN, —COOH, NH₂, —NH—C₁₋₆ alkyl, —N(C₁₋₆ alky)₂, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ alkoxy, C₁₋₆ alkylthio, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, phenyl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl, 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl and C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, phenyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl, and 5-6 membered heteroaryl of R^(q) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 substituents independently selected from halo, OH, CN, —COOH, NH₂, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, phenyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl and 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl;

the subscript m is an integer of 0, 1, 2 or 3;

the subscript n is an integer of 0, 1, 2 or 3;

each subscript q is independently an integer of 1, 2, 3 or 4; and the subscript s is an integer of 1, 2, 3 or 4.

In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides, compounds of Formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein:

ring A is 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, 4- to 14-membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl or C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, wherein the 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl and 4- to 14-membered heterocycloalkyl each has 1-4 heteroatoms as ring members selected from N, O and S, wherein the N or S atom as ring members is optionally oxidized and one or more carbon atoms as ring members are each optionally replaced by a carbonyl group; and wherein ring A is optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 R⁶ substituents;

L is a bond, —C(O)NR¹³—, —NR¹³C(O)—, O, —(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—, —(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—O—, —O(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—, —NR¹³—, —(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—NR¹³—, —NR¹³—(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—, —CH═CH—, —C≡C—, —SO₂NR¹³—, —NR¹³SO₂—, —NR¹³SO₂NR¹³—, —NR¹³C(O)O—, —OC(O)NR¹³— or —NR¹³C(O)NR¹³—;

R³ is methyl, halo, CN or C₁₋₄ haloalkyl;

R⁴ is C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, OH, —COOH, NH₂, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl or —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂;

R⁵ is C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, OH, —COOH, NH₂, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl or —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂;

R⁶ and R¹⁷ are each independently selected from H, halo, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, 5-14 membered heteroaryl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, CN, NO₂, OR^(a), SR^(a), NHOR^(a), C(O)R^(a), C(O)NR^(a)R^(a), C(O)OR^(a), OC(O)R^(a), OC(O)NR^(a)R^(a), NHR^(a), NR^(a)R^(a), NR^(a)C(O)R^(a), NR^(a)C(O)OR^(a), NR^(a)C(O)NR^(a)R^(a), C(═NR^(a))R^(a), C(═NOH)R^(a), C(═NOH)NR^(a), C(═NCN)NR^(a)R^(a), NR^(a)C(═NCN)NR^(a)R^(a), C(═NR^(a))NR^(a)R^(a), NR^(a)C(═NR^(a))NR^(a)R^(a), NR^(a)S(O)R^(a), NR^(a)S(O)₂R^(a), NR^(a)S(O)₂NR^(a)R^(a), S(O)R^(a), S(O)NR^(a)R^(a), S(O)₂R^(a), and S(O)₂NR^(a)R^(a), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, 5-14 membered heteroaryl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R⁶ and R¹⁷ are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 independently selected R^(b) substituents;

or two R⁶ substituents attached to the same ring carbon atom taken together with the ring carbon atom to which they are attached form spiro C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl or spiro 4- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(f) substituents;

each R¹³ is independently H, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl or C₁₋₆ alkyl optionally substituted with a substituent selected from C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, OH, —COOH, NH₂, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl and —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂;

R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ are each independently selected from H, halo, CN, OH, —COOH, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl, —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, phenyl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl and 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁-4 alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, phenyl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl and 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl of R¹⁴ or R¹⁵ are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

or R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered cycloalkyl or 3-, 4-, 5-, 6- or 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

each R^(a) is independently selected from H, CN, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, 5-14 membered heteroaryl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, 5-14 membered heteroaryl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(a) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 independently selected R^(d) substituents;

each R^(d) is independently selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, halo, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, CN, NH₂, NHOR^(e), OR^(e), SR^(e), C(O)R^(e), C(O)NR^(e)R^(e), C(O)OR^(e), OC(O)R^(e), OC(O)NR^(e)R^(e), NHR^(e), NR^(e)R^(e), NR^(e)C(O)R^(e), NR^(e)C(O)NR^(e)R^(e), NR^(e)C(O)OR^(e), C(═NR^(e))NR^(e)R^(e), NR^(e)C(═NR^(e))NR^(e)R^(e), NR^(e)C(═NOH)NR^(e)R^(e), NR^(e)C(═NCN)NR^(e)R^(e), S(O)R^(e), S(O)NR^(e)R^(e), S(O)₂R^(e), NR^(e)S(O)₂R^(e), NR^(e)S(O)₂NR^(e)R^(e), and S(O)₂NR^(e)R^(e), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5-14 membered heteroaryl, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(d) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(f) substituents;

each R^(e) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(e) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(f) substituents;

each R^(b) substituent is independently selected from halo, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, CN, OH, NH₂, NO₂, NHOR^(c), OR^(c), SR^(c), C(O)R^(c), C(O)NR^(c)R^(c), C(O)OR^(c), OC(O)R^(c), OC(O)NR^(c)R^(c), C(═NOH)R^(c), C(═NOH)NR^(c), C(═NCN)NR^(c)R^(c), NR^(c)C(═NCN)NR^(c)R^(c), C(═NR^(c))NR^(c)R^(c), NR^(c)C(═NR^(c))NR^(c)R^(c), NHR^(c), NR^(c)R^(c), NR^(c)C(O)R^(c), NR^(c)C(O)OR^(c), NR^(c)C(O)NR^(c)R^(c), NR^(c)S(O)R^(c), NR^(c)S(O)₂R^(c), NR^(c)S(O)₂NR^(c)R^(c), S(O)R^(c), S(O)NR^(c)R^(c), S(O)₂R^(c) and S(O)₂NR^(c)R^(c); wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁-4 alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(b) are each further optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(d) substituents;

each R^(c) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(c) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 independently selected R^(f) substituents;

each R^(f) is independently selected from C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, halo, CN, NHOR^(g), OR^(g), SR^(g), C(O)R^(g), C(O)NR^(g)R^(g), C(O)OR, OC(O)R^(g), OC(O)NR^(g)R^(g), NHR^(g), NR^(g)R^(g), NR^(g)C(O)R^(g), NR^(g)C(O)NR^(g)R^(g), NR^(g)C(O)OR^(g), C(═NR^(g))NR^(g)R^(g), NR^(g)C(═NR^(g))NR^(g)R^(g), S(O)R^(g), S(O)NR^(g)R^(g), S(O)₂R, NR^(g)S(O)₂R^(g), NR^(g)S(O)₂NR^(g)R^(g), and S(O)₂NR^(g)R^(g); wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(f) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 independently selected R^(n) substituents;

each R^(n) is substituents independently selected from C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, halo, CN, NHOR^(o), OR^(o), SR^(o), C(O)R^(o), C(O)NR^(o)R^(o), C(O)OR^(o), OC(O)R^(o), OC(O)NR^(o)R^(o), NHR^(o), NR^(o)R^(o), NR^(o)C(O)R^(o), NR^(o)C(O)NR^(o)R^(o), NR^(o)C(O)OR^(o), C(═NR)NR^(o)R^(o), NR^(o)C(═NR)NR^(o)R^(o), S(O)R^(o), S(O)NR^(o)R^(o), S(O)₂R^(o), NR^(o)S(O)₂R, NR^(o)S(O)₂NR^(o)R^(o), and S(O)₂NR^(o)R^(o), wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(n) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

each R^(g) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(g) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(p) substituents;

each R^(p) is independently selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, halo, CN, NHOR^(r), OR^(r), SR^(r), C(O)R^(r), C(O)NR^(r)R^(r), C(O)OR^(r), OC(O)R^(r), OC(O)NR^(r)R^(r), NHR^(r), NR^(r)R^(r), NR^(r)C(O)R^(r), NR^(r)C(O)NR^(r)R^(r), NR^(r)C(O)OR^(r), C(═NR^(r))NR^(r)R^(r), NR^(r)C(═NR^(r))NR^(r)R^(r), NR^(r)C(═NOH)NR^(r)R^(r), NR^(r)C(═NCN)NR^(r)R^(r), S(O)R^(r), S(O)NR^(r)R^(r), S(O)₂R^(r), NR^(r)S(O)₂R^(r), NR^(r)S(O)₂NR^(r)R^(r) and S(O)₂NR^(r)R^(r), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(p) is optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

or any two R^(a) substituents together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

each R^(h) is independently selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, halo, CN, OR^(i), SR^(i), NHOR^(i), C(O)R^(i), C(O)NR^(i)R^(i), C(O)OR^(i), OC(O)R^(i), OC(O)NR^(i)R^(i), NHR^(i), NR^(i)R^(i), NR^(i)C(O)R^(i), NR^(i)C(O)NR^(i)R^(i), NR^(i)C(O)OR^(i), C(═NR^(i))NR^(i)R^(i), NR^(i)C(═NR^(i))NR^(i)R^(i), S(O)R^(i), S(O)NR^(i)R^(i), S(O)₂R^(i), NR^(i)S(O)₂R^(i), NR^(i)S(O)₂NR^(i)R^(i), and S(O)₂NR^(i)R^(i), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁-4 alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(h) are each further optionally substituted by 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(j) substituents;

each R^(j) is independently selected from C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5 or 6-membered heteroaryl, 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, C₂₋₄ alkynyl, halo, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, NHOR^(k), OR^(k), SR^(k), C(O)R^(k), C(O)NR^(k)R^(k), C(O)OR^(k), OC(O)R^(k), OC(O)NR^(k)R^(k), NHR^(k), NR^(k)R^(k), NR^(k)C(O)R^(k), NR^(k)C(O)NR^(k)R^(k), NR^(k)C(O)OR^(k), C(═NR^(k))NR^(k)R^(k), NR^(k)C(═NR^(k))NR^(k)R^(k), S(O)R^(k), S(O)NR^(k)R^(k), S(O)₂R^(k), NR^(k)S(O)₂R^(k), NR^(k)S(O)₂NR^(k)R^(k), and S(O)₂NR^(k)R^(k), wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl, 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, C₂₋₄ alkynyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, and C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy of R^(j) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

or two R^(h) groups attached to the same carbon atom of the 4- to 10-membered heterocycloalkyl taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl or 4- to 6-membered heterocycloalkyl having 1-2 heteroatoms as ring members selected from O, N or S;

or any two R^(c) substituents together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

or any two R^(e) substituents together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

or any two R^(g) substituents together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

or any two R^(i) substituents together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

or any two R^(k) substituents together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

or any two R^(o) substituents together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

or any two R^(r) substituents together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

each R^(i), R^(k), R^(o) or R^(r) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5 or 6-membered heteroaryl, 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, and C₂₋₄ alkynyl, wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5 or 6-membered heteroaryl, 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, and C₂₋₄ alkynyl of R, R^(k), R^(o) or R^(r) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

each R^(q) is independently selected from halo, OH, CN, —COOH, NH₂, —NH—C₁₋₆ alkyl, —N(C₁₋₆ alky)₂, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ alkoxy, C₁₋₆ alkylthio, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, phenyl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl, 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl and C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, phenyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl, and 5-6 membered heteroaryl of R^(q) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 substituents independently selected from halo, OH, CN, —COOH, NH₂, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, phenyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl and 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl;

the subscript m is an integer of 0, 1, 2 or 3;

the subscript n is an integer of 0, 1, 2 or 3;

each subscript q is independently an integer of 1, 2, 3 or 4; and

the subscript s is an integer of 1, 2, 3 or 4.

In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a compound of Formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein:

ring A is 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, 4- to 14-membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl or C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, wherein the 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl and 4- to 14-membered heterocycloalkyl each has 1-4 heteroatoms as ring members selected from N, O and S, wherein the N or S atom as ring members is optionally oxidized and one or more carbon atoms as ring members are each optionally replaced by a carbonyl group; and wherein ring A is optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 independently selected R⁶ substituents;

L is a bond, —C(O)NR¹³—, —NR¹³C(O)—, O, —(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—, (CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—O—, —O(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—, —NR¹³—, —(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—NR¹³—, —NR¹³—(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—, —CH═CH—, —C≡C—, —SO₂NR¹³, —NR¹³SO₂—, —NR¹³SO₂NR¹³—, —NR¹³C(O)O—, —OC(O)NR¹³— or —NR¹³C(O)NR¹³—;

R³ is methyl, halo, CN or C₁₋₄ haloalkyl;

R⁴ is C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, OH, —COOH, NH₂, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl or —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂;

R⁵ is C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, OH, —COOH, NH₂, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl or —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂;

R⁶ and R¹⁷ are each independently selected from H, halo, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, 5-14 membered heteroaryl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, CN, NO₂, OR^(a), SR^(a), NHOR^(a), C(O)R^(a), C(O)NR^(a)R^(a), C(O)OR^(a), OC(O)R^(a), OC(O)NR^(a)R^(a), NHR^(a), NR^(a)R^(a), NR^(a)C(O)R^(a), NR^(a)C(O)OR^(a), NR^(a)C(O)NR^(a)R^(a), C(═NR^(a))R^(a), C(═NOH)R^(a), C(═NOH)NR^(a), C(═NR^(a))NR^(a)R^(a), NR^(a)C(═NR^(a))NR^(a)R^(a), C(═NCN)NR^(a)R^(a), NR^(a)C(═NCN)NR^(a)R^(a), NR^(a)S(O)R^(a), NR^(a)S(O)₂R^(a), NR^(a)S(O)₂NR^(a)R^(a), S(O)R^(a), S(O)NR^(a)R^(a), S(O)₂R^(a), and S(O)₂NR^(a)R^(a), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, 5-14 membered heteroaryl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R⁶ and R¹⁷ are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 independently selected R^(b) substituents;

each R¹³ is independently H, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl or C₁₋₆ alkyl optionally substituted with a substituent selected from C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, OH, —COOH, NH₂, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl and —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂;

R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ are each independently selected from H, halo, CN, OH, —COOH, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl, —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, phenyl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl and 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, phenyl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl and 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl of R¹⁴ or R¹⁵ are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

or R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered cycloalkyl or 3-, 4-, 5-, 6- or 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 R^(q) substituents;

each R^(a) is independently selected from H, CN, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, 5-14 membered heteroaryl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, 5-14 membered heteroaryl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(a) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 independently selected R^(d) substituents;

each R^(d) is independently selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, halo, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, CN, NH₂, NHOR^(e), OR^(e), SR^(e), C(O)R^(e), C(O)NR^(e)R^(e), C(O)OR^(e), OC(O)R^(e), OC(O)NR^(e)R^(e), NHR^(e), NR^(e)R^(e), NR^(e)C(O)R^(e), NR^(e)C(O)NR^(e)R^(e), NR^(e)C(O)OR^(e), C(═NR^(e))NR^(e)R^(e), NR^(e)C(═NR^(e))NR^(e)R^(e), NR^(e)C(═NOH)NR^(e)R^(e), NR^(e)C(═NCN)NR^(e)R^(e), S(O)R^(e), S(O)NR^(e)R^(e), S(O)₂R^(e), NR^(e)S(O)₂R^(e), NR^(e)S(O)₂NR^(e)R^(e), and S(O)₂NR^(e)R^(e), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁-6 haloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5-14 membered heteroaryl, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(d) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

each R^(e) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(e) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

each R^(b) substituent is independently selected from halo, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, CN, OH, NH₂, NO₂, NHOR^(c), OR^(c), SR^(c), C(O)R^(c), C(O)NR^(c)R^(c), C(O)OR^(c), OC(O)R^(c), OC(O)NR^(c)R^(c), C(═NOH)R^(c), C(═NR^(c))NR^(c)R^(c), NR^(c)C(═NR^(c))NR^(c)R^(c), C(═NCN)NR^(c)R^(c), NR^(c)C(═NCN)NR^(c)R^(c), NHR^(c), NR^(c)R^(c), NR^(c)C(O)R^(c), NR^(c)C(O)OR^(c), NR^(c)C(O)NR^(c)R^(c), NR^(c)S(O)R^(c), NR^(c)S(O)₂R^(c), NR^(c)S(O)₂NR^(c)R^(c), S(O)R^(c), S(O)NR^(c)R^(c), S(O)₂R^(c) and S(O)₂NR^(c)R^(e); wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(b) are each further optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(d) substituents;

each R^(c) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(c) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 independently selected R^(d) substituents;

or any two R^(a) substituents together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

or any two R^(c) substituents together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

or any two R^(e) substituents together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

each R^(h) is independently selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, halo, CN, OR^(i), SR, NHOR^(i), C(O)R^(i), C(O)NR^(i)R^(i), C(O)OR^(i), OC(O)R^(i), OC(O)NR^(i)R^(i), NHR^(i), NR^(i)R^(i), NR^(i)C(O)R^(i), NR^(i)C(O)NR^(i)R^(i), NR^(i)C(O)OR^(i), C(═NR^(i))NR^(i)R^(i), NR^(i)C(═NR^(i))NR^(i)R^(i), S(O)R^(i), S(O)NR^(i)R^(i), S(O)₂R^(i), NR^(i)S(O)₂R^(i), NR^(i)S(O)₂NR^(i)R^(i), and S(O)₂NR^(i)R^(i), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(h) are each further optionally substituted by 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(j) substituents;

each R^(j) is independently selected from C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5 or 6-membered heteroaryl, 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, C₂₋₄ alkynyl, halo, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, NHOR^(k), OR^(k), SR^(k), C(O)R^(k), C(O)NR^(k)R^(k), C(O)OR^(k), OC(O)R^(k), OC(O)NR^(k)R^(k), NHR^(k), NR^(k)R^(k), NR^(k)C(O)R^(k), NR^(k)C(O)NR^(k)R^(k), NR^(k)C(O)OR^(k), C(═NR^(k))NR^(k)R^(k), NR^(k)C(═NR^(k))NR^(k)R^(k), S(O)R^(k), S(O)NR^(k)R^(k), S(O)₂R^(k), NR^(k)S(O)₂R^(k), NR^(k)S(O)₂NR^(k)R^(k), and S(O)₂NR^(k)R^(k), wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl, 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, C₂₋₄ alkynyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, and C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy of R are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

each of R^(i) and R^(k) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5 or 6-membered heteroaryl, 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₂-4 alkenyl, and C₂₋₄ alkynyl, wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5 or 6-membered heteroaryl, 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, and C₂₋₄ alkynyl of R^(i) or R^(k) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

each R^(q) is independently selected from halo, OH, CN, —COOH, NH₂, —NH—C₁₋₆ alkyl, —N(C₁₋₆ alky)₂, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ alkoxy, C₁₋₆ alkylthio, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, phenyl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl, 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl and C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, phenyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl, and 5-6 membered heteroaryl of R^(q) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 substituents selected from halo, OH, CN, —COOH, NH₂, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, phenyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl and 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl;

the subscript m is an integer of 0, 1, 2 or 3;

the subscript n is an integer of 0, 1, 2 or 3;

each subscript q is independently an integer of 1, 2, 3 or 4; and

the subscript s is an integer of 1, 2, 3 or 4.

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound of Formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein:

ring A is 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, 4- to 11-membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl or C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, wherein the 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl and 4- to 11-membered heterocycloalkyl each has 1-4 heteroatoms as ring members selected from N, O and S, wherein the N or S atom as ring members is optionally oxidized and one or more carbon atoms as ring members are each optionally replaced by a carbonyl group; and wherein ring A is optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 R⁶ substituents;

L is a bond, —C(O)NR¹³—, —NR¹³C(O)—, O, —(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q), —(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—O—, —O(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—, —NR¹³—, —(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—NR¹³—, —NR¹³—(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—, —CH═CH—, —C≡C—, —SO₂NR¹³—, —NR¹³SO₂—, —NR¹³C(O)O— or —NR¹³C(O)NR¹³—;

R³ is methyl, halo, CN or C₁₋₄ haloalkyl;

R⁴ is C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, OH, —COOH, NH₂, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl or —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂;

R⁵ is C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, OH, —COOH, NH₂, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl or —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂;

R⁶ and R¹⁷ are each independently selected from H, halo, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-14 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, CN, NO₂, OR^(a), SR^(a), NHOR^(a), C(O)R^(a), C(O)NR^(a)R^(a), C(O)OR^(a), OC(O)R^(a), OC(O)NR^(a)R^(a), NHR^(a), NR^(a)R^(a), NR^(a)C(O)R^(a), NR^(a)C(O)OR^(a), NR^(a)C(O)NR^(a)R^(a), C(═NR^(a))R^(a), C(═NR^(a))NR^(a)R^(a), NR^(a)C(═NR^(a))NR^(a)R^(a), NR^(a)S(O)R^(a), NR^(a)S(O)₂R^(a), NR^(a)S(O)₂NR^(a)R^(a), S(O)R^(a), S(O)NR^(a)R^(a), S(O)₂R^(a), and S(O)₂NR^(a)R^(a), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-14 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R⁶ and R¹⁷ are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 R^(b) substituents;

or two R⁶ substituents attached to the same ring carbon atom taken together with the ring carbon atom to which they are attached form spiro C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl or spiro 4- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(f) substituents;

each R¹³ is independently H, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl or C₁₋₆ alkyl optionally substituted with a substituent selected from C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, OH, —COOH, NH₂, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl and —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂;

R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ are each independently selected from H, halo, CN, OH, —COOH, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl, —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, phenyl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl and 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, phenyl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl and 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl of R¹⁴ or R¹⁵ are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

or R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered cycloalkyl or 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered heterocycloalkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 R^(q) substituents;

each R^(a) is independently selected from H, CN, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(a) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 R^(d) substituents;

each R^(d) is independently selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, halo, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, CN, NH₂, NHOR^(e), OR^(e), SR^(e), C(O)R^(e), C(O)NR^(e)R^(e), C(O)OR^(e), OC(O)R^(e), OC(O)NR^(e)R^(e), NHR^(e), NR^(e)R^(e), NR^(e)C(O)R^(e), NR^(e)C(O)NR^(e)R^(e), NR^(e)C(O)OR^(e), C(═NR^(e))NR^(e)R^(e), NR^(e)C(═NR^(e))NR^(e)R^(e), NR^(e)C(═NOH)NR^(e)R^(e), NR^(e)C(═NCN)NR^(e)R^(e), S(O)R^(e), S(O)NR^(e)R^(e), S(O)₂R^(e), NR^(e)S(O)₂R^(e), NR^(e)S(O)₂NR^(e)R^(e), and S(O)₂NR^(e)R^(e), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁-6 haloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(d) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(f) substituents;

each R^(e) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(e) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(f) substituents;

each R^(b) substituent is independently selected from halo, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, CN, OH, NH₂, NO₂, NHOR^(c), OR^(c), SR^(c), C(O)R^(c), C(O)NR^(c)R^(c), C(O)OR^(c), OC(O)R^(c), OC(O)NR^(c)R^(c), C(═NR^(c))NR^(c)R^(c), NR^(c)C(═NR^(c))NR^(c)R^(c), NHR^(c), NR^(c)R^(c), NR^(c)C(O)R^(c), NR^(c)C(O)OR^(c), NR^(c)C(O)NR^(c)R^(c), NR^(c)S(O)R^(c), NR^(c)S(O)₂R^(c), NR^(c)S(O)₂NR^(c)R^(c), S(O)R^(c), S(O)NR^(c)R^(c), S(O)₂R^(c) and S(O)₂NR^(c)R^(c); wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(b) are each further optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(d) substituents;

each R^(c) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(c) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 R^(f) substituents;

each R^(f) is independently selected from C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, halo, CN, NHOR^(g), OR^(g), SR^(g), C(O)R^(g), C(O)NR^(g)R^(g), C(O)OR^(g), OC(O)R^(g), OC(O)NR^(g)R^(g), NHR^(g), NR^(g)R^(g), NR^(g)C(O)R^(g), NR^(g)C(O)NR^(g)R^(g), NR^(g)C(O)OR^(g), C(═NR^(g))NR^(g)R^(g), NR^(g)C(═NR^(g))NR^(g)R^(g), S(O)R^(g), S(O)NR^(g)R^(g), S(O)₂R, NR^(g)S(O)₂R^(g), NR^(g)S(O)₂NR^(g)R^(g), and S(O)₂NR^(g)R^(g); wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(f) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 R^(n) substituents;

each R^(n) is substituents independently selected from C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, halo, CN, NHOR^(o), OR^(o), SR^(o), C(O)R^(o), C(O)NR^(o)R^(o), C(O)OR^(o), OC(O)R^(o), OC(O)NR^(o)R^(o), NHR^(o), NR^(o)R^(o), NR^(o)C(O)R^(o), NR^(o)C(O)NR^(o)R^(o), NR^(o)C(O)OR^(o), C(═NR)NR^(o)R^(o), NR^(o)C(═NR)NR^(o)R^(o), S(O)R^(o), S(O)NR^(o)R^(o), S(O)₂R^(o), NR^(o)S(O)₂R, NR^(o)S(O)₂NR^(o)R^(o), and S(O)₂NR^(o)R^(o), wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(n) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

each R^(g) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆-10 aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(g) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 R^(p) substituents;

each R^(p) is independently selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, halo, CN, NHOR^(r), OR^(r), SR^(r), C(O)R^(r), C(O)NR^(r)R^(r), C(O)OR^(r), OC(O)R^(r), OC(O)NR^(r)R^(r), NHR^(r), NR^(r)R^(r), NR^(r)C(O)R^(r), NR^(r)C(O)NR^(r)R^(r), NR^(r)C(O)OR^(r), C(═NR^(r))NR^(r)R^(r), NR^(r)C(═NR^(r))NR^(r)R^(r), NR^(r)C(═NOH)NR^(r)R^(r), NR^(r)C(═NCN)NR^(r)R^(r), S(O)R^(r), S(O)NR^(r)R^(r), S(O)₂R^(r), NR^(r)S(O)₂R^(r), NR^(r)S(O)₂NR^(r)R^(r) and S(O)₂NR^(r)R^(r), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(p) is optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 R^(q) substituents;

or any two R^(a) substituents together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 R^(h) substituents;

each R^(h) is independently selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-6 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, halo, CN, OR^(i), SR^(i), NHOR^(i), C(O)R^(i), C(O)NR^(i)R^(i), C(O)OR^(i), OC(O)R^(i), OC(O)NR^(i)R^(i), NHR^(i), NR^(i)R^(i), NR^(i)C(O)R^(i), NR^(i)C(O)NR^(i)R^(i), NR^(i)C(O)OR^(i), C(═NR^(i))NR^(i)R^(i), NR^(i)C(═NR^(i))NR^(i)R^(i), S(O)R^(i), S(O)NR^(i)R^(i), S(O)₂R^(i), NR¹S(O)₂R^(i), NR^(i)S(O)₂NR^(i)R^(i), and S(O)₂NR^(i)R^(i), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-6 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(h) are each further optionally substituted by 1, 2, or 3 R^(j) substituents;

each R^(j) is independently selected from C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5 or 6-membered heteroaryl, 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, C₂₋₄ alkynyl, halo, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, CN, NHOR^(k), OR^(k), SR^(k), C(O)R^(k), C(O)NR^(k)R^(k), C(O)OR^(k), OC(O)R^(k), OC(O)NR^(k)R^(k), NHR^(k), NR^(k)R^(k), NR^(k)C(O)R^(k), NR^(k)C(O)NR^(k)R^(k), NR^(k)C(O)OR^(k), C(═NR^(k))NR^(k)R^(k), NR^(k)C(═NR^(k))NR^(k)R^(k), S(O)R^(k), S(O)NR^(k)R^(k), S(O)₂R^(k), NR^(k)S(O)₂R^(k), NR^(k)S(O)₂NR^(k)R^(k), and S(O)₂NR^(k)R^(k), wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl, 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, C₂₋₄ alkynyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, and C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy of R^(j) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

or two R^(h) groups attached to the same carbon atom of the 4- to 10-membered heterocycloalkyl taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl or 4- to 6-membered heterocycloalkyl having 1-2 heteroatoms as ring members selected from O, N or S;

or any two R^(c) substituents together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, or 7-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

or any two R^(e) substituents together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, or 7-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

or any two R^(g) substituents together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, or 7-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

or any two R^(i) substituents together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, or 7-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents, or 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

or any two R^(k) substituents together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, or 7-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h), or 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents substituents;

or any two R^(o) substituents together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, or 7-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

or any two R^(r) substituents together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, or 7-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

each R^(i), R^(k), R^(o) or R^(r) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5 or 6-membered heteroaryl, 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, and C₂₋₄ alkynyl, wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5 or 6-membered heteroaryl, 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, and C₂₋₄ alkynyl of R^(i), R^(k), R^(o) or R^(r) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 R^(q) substituents;

each R^(q) is independently selected from halo, OH, CN, —COOH, NH₂, —NH—C₁₋₆ alkyl, —N(C₁₋₆ alky)₂, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ alkoxy, C₁₋₆ alkylthio, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, phenyl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl, 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl and C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, phenyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl, and 5-6 membered heteroaryl of R^(q) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 substituents selected from halo, OH, CN, —COOH, NH₂, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, phenyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl and 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl;

the subscript m is an integer of 0, 1, 2 or 3;

the subscript n is an integer of 0, 1, 2 or 3;

each subscript q is independently an integer of 1, 2, 3 or 4; and

the subscript s is an integer of 1, 2, 3 or 4.

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound of Formula (I): or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein:

ring A is 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, 4- to 11-membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl or C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, wherein the 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl and 4- to 11-membered heterocycloalkyl each has 1-4 heteroatoms as ring members selected from N, O and S, wherein the N or S atom as ring members is optionally oxidized and one or more carbon atoms as ring members are each optionally replaced by a carbonyl group; and wherein ring A is optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 R⁶ substituents;

L is a bond, —C(O)NR¹³—, —NR¹³C(O)—, O, —(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q), —(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—O—, —O(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—, —NR¹³—, —(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—NR¹³—, —NR¹³—(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—, —CH═CH—, —C≡C—, —SO₂NR¹³—, NR¹³SO₂, —NR¹³C(O)O— or —NR¹³C(O)NR¹³—;

R³ is methyl, halo, CN or C₁₋₄ haloalkyl;

R⁴ is C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, OH, —COOH, NH₂, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl or —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂;

R⁵ is C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, OH, —COOH, NH₂, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl or —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂;

R⁶ and R¹⁷ are each independently selected from H, halo, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-14 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, CN, NO₂, OR^(a), SR^(a), NHOR^(a), C(O)R^(a), C(O)NR^(a)R^(a), C(O)OR^(a), OC(O)R^(a), OC(O)NR^(a)R^(a), NHR^(a), NR^(a)R^(a), NR^(a)C(O)R^(a), NR^(a)C(O)OR^(a), NR^(a)C(O)NR^(a)R^(a), C(═NR^(a))R^(a), C(═NR^(a))NR^(a)R^(a), NR^(a)C(═NR^(a))NR^(a)R^(a), NR^(a)S(O)R^(a), NR^(a)S(O)₂R^(a), NR^(a)S(O)₂NR^(a)R^(a), S(O)R^(a), S(O)NR^(a)R^(a), S(O)₂R^(a), and S(O)₂NR^(a)R^(a), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-14 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R⁶ are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 R^(b) substituents;

or two R⁶ substituents attached to the same ring carbon atom taken together with the ring carbon atom to which they are attached form spiro C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl or spiro 4- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(f) substituents;

each R¹³ is independently H, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl or C₁₋₆ alkyl optionally substituted with a substituent selected from C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, OH, —COOH, NH₂, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl and —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂;

R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ are each independently selected from H, halo, CN, OH, —COOH, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl, —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, phenyl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl and 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁-4 alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, phenyl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl and 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl of R¹⁴ or R¹⁵ are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

or R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered cycloalkyl or 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered heterocycloalkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 R^(q) substituents;

each R^(a) is independently selected from H, CN, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(a) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 R^(d) substituents;

each R^(d) is independently selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, halo, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, CN, NH₂, NHOR^(e), OR^(e), SR^(e), C(O)R^(e), C(O)NR^(e)R^(e), C(O)OR^(e), OC(O)R^(e), OC(O)NR^(e)R^(e), NHR^(e), NR^(e)R^(e), NR^(e)C(O)R^(e), NR^(e)C(O)NR^(e)R^(e), NR^(e)C(O)OR^(e), C(═NR^(e))NR^(e)R^(e), NR^(e)C(═NR^(e))NR^(e)R^(e), NR^(e)C(═NOH)NR^(e)R^(e), NR^(e)C(═NCN)NR^(e)R^(e), S(O)R^(e), S(O)NR^(e)R^(e), S(O)₂R^(e), NR^(e)S(O)₂R^(e), NR^(e)S(O)₂NR^(e)R^(e), and S(O)₂NR^(e)R^(e), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(d) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(f) substituents;

each R^(e) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(e) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(f) substituents;

each R^(b) substituent is independently selected from halo, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, CN, OH, NH₂, NO₂, NHOR^(c), OR^(c), SR^(c), C(O)R^(c), C(O)NR^(c)R^(c), C(O)OR^(c), OC(O)R^(c), OC(O)NR^(c)R^(c), C(═NR)NR^(c)R^(c), NR^(c)C(═NR)NR^(c)R^(c), NHR^(c), NR^(c)R^(c), NR^(c)C(O)R^(c), NR^(c)C(O)OR^(c), NR^(c)C(O)NR^(c)R^(c), NR^(c)S(O)R^(c), NR^(c)S(O)₂R^(c), NR^(c)S(O)₂NR^(c)R^(c), S(O)R^(c), S(O)NR^(c)R^(c), S(O)₂R^(c) and S(O)₂NR^(c)R^(c); wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(b) are each further optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(d) substituents;

each R^(c) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(c) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 R^(f) substituents;

each R^(f) is independently selected from C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, halo, CN, NHOR^(g), OR^(g), SR^(g), C(O)R^(g), C(O)NR^(g)R^(g), C(O)OR^(g), OC(O)R^(g), OC(O)NR^(g)R^(g), NHR^(g), NR^(g)R^(g), NR^(g)C(O)R^(g), NR^(g)C(O)NR^(g)R^(g), NR^(g)C(O)OR^(g), C(═NR^(g))NR^(g)R^(g), NR^(g)C(═NR^(g))NR^(g)R^(g), S(O)R^(g), S(O)NR^(g)R^(g), S(O)₂R, NR^(g)S(O)₂R^(g), NR^(g)S(O)₂NR^(g)R^(g), and S(O)₂NR^(g)R^(g); wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(f) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 R^(n) substituents;

each R^(n) is substituents independently selected from C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, halo, CN, NHOR^(o), OR^(o), SR^(o), C(O)R^(o), C(O)NR^(o)R^(o), C(O)OR^(o), OC(O)R^(o), OC(O)NR^(o)R^(o), NHR^(o), NR^(o)R^(o), NR^(o)C(O)R^(o), NR^(o)C(O)NR^(o)R^(o), NR^(o)C(O)OR^(o), C(═NR)NR^(o)R^(o), NR^(o)C(═NR)NR^(o)R^(o), S(O)R^(o), S(O)NR^(o)R^(o), S(O)₂R^(o), NR^(o)S(O)₂R, NR^(o)S(O)₂NR^(o)R^(o), and S(O)₂NR^(o)R^(o), wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(n) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

each R^(g) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(g) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 R^(p) substituents;

each R^(p) is independently selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, halo, CN, NHOR^(r), OR^(r), SR^(r), C(O)R^(r), C(O)NR^(r)R^(r), C(O)OR^(r), OC(O)R^(r), OC(O)NR^(r)R^(r), NHR^(r), NR^(r)R^(r), NR^(r)C(O)R^(r), NR^(r)C(O)NR^(r)R^(r), NR^(r)C(O)OR^(r), C(═NR^(r))NR^(r)R^(r), NR^(r)C(═NR^(r))NR^(i)R^(r), NR^(r)C(═NOH)NR^(r)R^(r), NR^(r)C(═NCN)NR^(r)R^(r), S(O)R^(r), S(O)NR^(r)R^(r), S(O)₂R^(r), NR^(r)S(O)₂R^(r), NR^(r)S(O)₂NR^(r)R^(r) and S(O)₂NR^(r)R^(r), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(p) is optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 R^(q) substituents;

or any two R^(a) substituents together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 R^(h) substituents;

each R^(h) is independently selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-6 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, halo, CN, OR^(i), SR^(i), NHOR^(i), C(O)R^(i), C(O)NR^(i)R^(i), C(O)OR^(i), OC(O)R^(i), OC(O)NR^(i)R^(i), NHR^(i), NR^(i)R^(i), NR^(i)C(O)R^(i), NR^(i)C(O)NR^(i)R^(i), NR^(i)C(O)OR^(i), C(═NR^(i))NR^(i)R^(i), NR^(i)C(═NR^(i))NR^(i)R^(i), S(O)R^(i), S(O)NR^(i)R^(i), S(O)₂R^(i), NR^(i)S(O)₂R^(i), NR^(i)S(O)₂NR^(i)R^(i), and S(O)₂NR^(i)R^(i), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-6 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(h) are each further optionally substituted by 1, 2, or 3 R^(j) substituents;

each R^(j) is independently selected from C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5 or 6-membered heteroaryl, 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, C₂₋₄ alkynyl, halo, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, CN, NHOR^(k), OR^(k), SR^(k), C(O)R^(k), C(O)NR^(k)R^(k), C(O)OR^(k), OC(O)R^(k), OC(O)NR^(k)R^(k), NHR^(k), NR^(k)R^(k), NR^(k)C(O)R^(k), NR^(k)C(O)NR^(k)R^(k), NR^(k)C(O)OR^(k), C(═NR^(k))NR^(k)R^(k), NR^(k)C(═NR^(k))NR^(k)R^(k), S(O)R^(k), S(O)NR^(k)R^(k), S(O)₂R^(k), NR^(k)S(O)₂R^(k), NR^(k)S(O)₂NR^(k)R^(k), and S(O)₂NR^(k)R^(k), wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl, 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, C₂₋₄ alkynyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, and C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy of R^(j) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

or two R^(h) groups attached to the same carbon atom of the 4- to 10-membered heterocycloalkyl taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl or 4- to 6-membered heterocycloalkyl having 1-2 heteroatoms as ring members selected from O, N or S;

or any two R^(c) substituents together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, or 7-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

or any two R^(e) substituents together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, or 7-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

or any two R^(g) substituents together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, or 7-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

or any two R^(i) substituents together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, or 7-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents, or 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

or any two R^(k) substituents together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, or 7-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents, or 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

or any two R^(o) substituents together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, or 7-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

or any two R^(r) substituents together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, or 7-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(h) substituents;

each R^(i), R^(k), R^(o) or R^(r) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5 or 6-membered heteroaryl, 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, and C₂₋₄ alkynyl, wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5 or 6-membered heteroaryl, 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, and C₂₋₄ alkynyl of R^(i), R^(k), R^(o) or R^(p) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 R^(q) substituents;

each R^(q) is independently selected from halo, OH, CN, —COOH, NH₂, —NH—C₁₋₆ alkyl, —N(C₁₋₆ alky)₂, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ alkoxy, C₁₋₆ alkylthio, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, phenyl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl, 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl and C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, phenyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl, and 5-6 membered heteroaryl of R^(q) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 substituents selected from halo, OH, CN, —COOH, NH₂, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, phenyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl and 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl;

the subscript m is an integer of 0, 1, 2 or 3;

the subscript n is an integer of 0, 1, 2 or 3;

the subscript p is an integer of 1, 2, 3 or 4;

each subscript q is independently an integer of 1, 2, 3 or 4; and

the subscript s is an integer of 1, 2, 3 or 4.

In some embodiments, any two R^(i) substituents together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

or any two R^(k) substituents together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-membered heterocycloalkyl group optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents.

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound having Formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein (1) when L is —C(O)NH—, ring A is not 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridin-2-yl; (2) when L is a bond, ring A is not [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-2-yl; (3) when L is —NH—, ring A is not 1,7-naphthyridin-8-yl or pyrido[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4-yl; and (4) when L is —C(O)NH—, ring A is not 2-pyridyl.

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound having Formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein (1) when L is —C(O)NH—, ring A is not 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridin-2-yl; (2) when L is a bond, ring A is not [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-2-yl; (3) when L is —NH—, ring A is not 1,7-naphthyridin-8-yl or pyrido[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4-yl; or (4) when L is —C(O)NH—, ring A is not 2-pyridyl.

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound having Formula (Ia):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein:

one of R¹ and R² is —(CR⁸R⁹)_(p)—NR¹⁰R¹¹ and the other is H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, OH, —COOH, NH₂, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl or —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂, wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl and C₁₋₄ alkoxy of R¹ or R² is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, OH, —COOH, —C(O)NH₂, NH₂, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl and —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂;

R⁷ is H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, OH, —COOH, NH₂, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl or —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂, wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl and C₁₋₄ alkoxy are each optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from CN, halo or —C(O)NH₂;

R⁸ and R⁹ are each independently selected from H, halo, CN, OH, —COOH, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁-4 alkoxy, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl, —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, phenyl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl and 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, phenyl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl and 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl of R⁸ or R⁹ are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

or R⁸ and R⁹ taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered cycloalkyl or 4-, 5-, 6- or 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 R^(q) substituents;

or R⁸ and R¹⁰ taken together with the atoms to which they are attached form 4-, 5-, 6- or 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, having zero to one additional heteroatoms as ring members selected from O, N or S, wherein the 4-, 5-, 6- or 7-membered heterocycloalkyl formed by R⁸ and R¹⁰ are each optionally substituted with 1 or 2 R^(q) substituents;

R¹⁰ and R¹¹ are each independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, —C(O)R^(g), —C(O)OR^(g), —C(O)NR^(g)R^(g), —SO₂R^(g) and —SO₂NR^(g)R^(g), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R¹⁰ or R¹¹ are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(d) substituents;

or R¹⁰ and R¹¹ taken together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9-, 10-, or 11-membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein the 4-11 membered heterocycloalkyl is each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 R^(f) substituents; and

R¹² is H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, OH, —COOH, NH₂, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl or —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂. In some embodiments, the subscript p is 1, 2, 3 or 4.

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound of Formula (Ia), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein:

one of R¹ and R² is —(CR⁸R⁹)_(p)—NR¹⁰R¹¹ and the other is H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, OH, —COOH, NH₂, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl or —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂, wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl and C₁₋₄ alkoxy of R¹ or R² is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, OH, —COOH, —C(O)NH₂, NH₂, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl and —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂;

R⁷ is H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, OH, —COOH, NH₂, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl or —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂, wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl and C₁₋₄ alkoxy are each optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from CN, halo or —C(O)NH₂; R⁸ and R⁹ are each independently selected from H, halo, CN, OH, —COOH, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁-4 alkoxy, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl, —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, phenyl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl and 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, phenyl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl and 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl of R⁸ or R⁹ are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(q) substituents;

or R⁸ and R⁹ taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered cycloalkyl or 4-, 5-, 6- or 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 R^(q) substituents;

or R⁸ and R¹⁰ taken together with the atoms to which they are attached form 4-, 5-, 6- or 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, having zero to one additional heteroatoms as ring members selected from O, N or S, wherein the 4-, 5-, 6- or 7-membered heterocycloalkyl formed by R⁸ and R¹⁰ are each optionally substituted with 1 or 2 R^(q) substituents;

R¹⁰ and R¹¹ are each independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁-4 alkyl-, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, —C(O)R^(g), —C(O)OR^(g), —C(O)NR^(g)R^(g), —SO₂R and —SO₂NR^(g)R^(g), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R¹⁰ or R¹¹ are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(d) substituents;

or R¹⁰ and R¹¹ taken together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9-, 10-, or 11-membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein the 4-11 membered heterocycloalkyl is each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 R^(f) substituents;

R¹² is H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, OH, —COOH, NH₂, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl or —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂; and

the subscript p is an integer of 1, 2, 3 or 4

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound having Formula (II):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof.

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound having Formula (IIa):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof.

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound having Formula (IIb):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof.

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound having Formula (IIb-1):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein:

ring A is 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, 4- to 11-membered heterocycloalkyl or C₆₋₁₀ aryl, wherein the 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl and 4- to 11-membered heterocycloalkyl each has 1-4 heteroatoms as ring members selected from N, O and S, wherein the N or S atom as ring members is optionally oxidized and one or more carbon atoms as ring members are each optionally replaced by a carbonyl group; and wherein ring A is optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 R⁶ substituents; and

L is a bond, —C(O)NH—, —NH— or —OCH₂—, wherein the carbonyl group in the —C(O)NH— linkage or the oxygen atom in the —OCH₂— linkage is attached to ring A.

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound having Formula (IIc):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein:

X¹, X², X³, X⁴, X⁵ and X⁶ are each independently N or CH, with the proviso that X¹, X⁵ and X⁶ are not simultaneously N;

R¹³ is H or C₁₋₄ alkyl; and

the subscript r is an integer of 1, 2 or 3.

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound having Formula (IIc-1):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the subscript r is an integer of 1, 2 or 3.

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound having Formula (IIc-2):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the subscript r is an integer of 1, 2 or 3.

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound having Formula (IIc-3):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein

R¹³ is H or C₁₋₄ alkyl; and

the subscript r is an integer of 1, 2 or 3.

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound having Formula (IIc-4):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the subscript r is an integer of 1, 2 or 3.

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound having Formula (IId):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein:

R¹³ is H or C₁₋₄ alkyl;

R¹⁸ is H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, or (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R¹⁸ are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 R^(b) substituents; and

the subscript t is an integer of 0, 1 or 2.

In some embodiments, R¹³ is H.

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound having Formula (IIe):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the subscript r is an integer of 1, 2 or 3.

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound having Formula (IIf):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the subscript r is an integer of 1, 2 or 3.

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound having Formula (IIf-1):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof.

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound having Formula (IIg):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the subscript t is an integer of 0, 1 or 2.

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound having Formula (IIh):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the subscript r is an integer of 1, 2 or 3.

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound having Formula (IIj):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the subscript r is an integer of 1, 2 or 3.

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound having Formula (IIk):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the subscript r is an integer of 1, 2 or 3.

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound having Formula (IIm):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the subscript r is an integer of 1, 2 or 3.

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound having Formula (IIn):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the subscript r is an integer of 1, 2 or 3.

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound having Formula (IIo):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the subscript r is an integer of 1, 2 or 3.

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound having Formula (IIp):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the subscript r is an integer of 1, 2 or 3.

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound having Formula (III):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof.

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound having Formula (IIIa):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof.

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound having Formula (IIIb):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof.

In some embodiments, provided herein are compounds having Formula (IV):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the subscript r is 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5.

In one embodiment, ring A is pyridyl, for example, 2-pyridyl. In some embodiments, the subscript n is 0, 1 or 2 and each R⁵ is independently C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, OH, —COOH, NH₂, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl or —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂. In certain instances, R⁵ is halo or C₁₋₄ alkyl. In some embodiments, the subscript m is 0. In some embodiments, the subscript r is 1 or 2. In some embodiments, R¹² is H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, —COOH, NH₂, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl or —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂. In one embodiment, R² is H. In some embodiments, the subscript p is 1 and R⁸ and R⁹ are each H. In one embodiment, R¹⁰ is H. In some embodiments, R⁸ and R¹⁰ taken together form 4- to 6-membered heterocycloalkyl, optionally substituted with 1 or 2 R^(q) substituents. In some embodiments, R¹⁰ and R¹¹ taken together form 4- to 6-membered heterocycloalkyl, optionally substituted with 1 or 2 R^(q) substituents.

In some embodiments, provided herein are compounds having Formula (V):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the subscript r is 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, the other variables of Formula (V) are as defined in any embodiment disclosed herein. In some embodiments, the subscript r is 1 or 2.

In some embodiments, provided herein are compounds having Formula (VI):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the subscript r is 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, the other variables of Formula (VI) are as defined in any embodiment disclosed herein. In some embodiments, the subscript r is 1 or 2.

In some embodiments, provided herein are compounds having Formula (VIIa) or (VIIb):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the subscript r is 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, the other variables of Formula (VIIa) or (VIIb) are as defined in any embodiment disclosed herein. In some embodiments, the subscript r is 1 or 2.

In some embodiments, provided herein are compounds having Formula (VIIIa) or (VIIIb):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the subscript r is 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, the other variables of Formula (VIIIa) or (VIIIb) are as defined in any embodiment disclosed herein. In some embodiments, the subscript r is 1 or 2.

In some embodiments, ring A is 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, 4- to 14-membered heterocycloalkyl, or C₆₋₁₀ aryl, wherein the 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl and 4- to 14-membered heterocycloalkyl each has 1-4 heteroatoms as ring members selected from N, O and S, wherein the N or S atom as ring members is optionally oxidized and one or more carbon atoms as ring members are each optionally replaced by a carbonyl group; and wherein ring A is optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 R⁶ substituents. In some embodiments, ring A is 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl or 4- to 14-membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein the 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl and 4- to 14-membered heterocycloalkyl each has 1-4 heteroatoms as ring members selected from N, O and S, wherein the N or S atom as ring members is optionally oxidized and one or more carbon atoms as ring members are each optionally replaced by a carbonyl group; and wherein ring A is optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 R⁶ substituents. In some embodiments, ring A is 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, wherein the 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl has 1-4 heteroatoms as ring members selected from N, O and S, wherein the N or S atom as ring members is optionally oxidized and one or more carbon atoms as ring members are each optionally replaced by a carbonyl group; and wherein ring A is optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 R⁶ substituents. In some embodiments, ring A is 4- to 14-membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein the 4- to 14-membered heterocycloalkyl each has 1-4 heteroatoms as ring members selected from N, O and S, wherein the N or S atom as ring members is optionally oxidized and one or more carbon atoms as ring members are each optionally replaced by a carbonyl group; and wherein ring A is optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 R⁶ substituents. In some embodiments, ring A is C₆₋₁₀ aryl is optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 R⁶ substituents.

In some embodiments, ring A is selected from:

wherein each subscript r is an integer of 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; R¹⁶ is C₁₋₆ alkyl; and the wavy line indicates the point of attachment to L.

In some embodiments, ring A is selected from:

wherein each subscript r is an integer of 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; and the wavy line indicates the point of attachment to L.

In some embodiments, ring A is selected from:

wherein each subscript r is an integer of 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; and the wavy line indicates the point of attachment to L.

In some embodiments, ring A is selected from:

wherein each subscript r is an integer of 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; and the wavy line indicates the point of attachment to L.

In some embodiments, ring A is selected from:

wherein each subscript r is an integer of 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; and the wavy line indicates the point of attachment to L.

In some embodiments, ring A is selected from:

wherein each subscript r is an integer of 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; R¹⁶ is C₁₋₆ alkyl; and the wavy line indicates the point of attachment to L.

In some embodiments, ring A is selected from:

wherein each subscript r is an integer of 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; and the wavy line indicates the point of attachment to L.

In some embodiments, ring A is selected from:

wherein each subscript r is an integer of 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; and the wavy line indicates the point of attachment to L.

In some embodiments, ring A is selected from:

wherein each subscript r is an integer of 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; and the wavy line indicates the point of attachment to L.

In some embodiments, ring A is selected from:

wherein each subscript r is an integer of 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; and the wavy line indicates the point of attachment to L.

In some embodiments, ring A is selected from:

wherein the subscript r is an integer of 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, and the wavy line indicates the point of attachment to L.

In some embodiments, ring A is selected from:

wherein the subscript r is an integer of 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, and the wavy line indicates the point of attachment to L.

In some embodiments, ring A is 2-pyridyl, optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, or 4 independently selected R⁶ substituents.

In some embodiments, ring A is selected from:

wherein the subscript r is an integer of 1, 2 or 3.

In some embodiments, ring A is selected from:

wherein the subscript r is an integer of 1, 2 or 3.

In some embodiments, L is a bond, —C(O)NR¹³—, —NR¹³C(O)—, O, —(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—, —(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—O—, —O(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—, —NR¹³—, —(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—NR¹³—, or —NR¹³—(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—, wherein the subscript q is 1, 2 or 3. In some embodiments, L is a bond, —C(O)NR¹³—, —NR¹³C(O)—, —(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—O—, —O(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—, or —NR¹³—, wherein the subscript q is 1, 2 or 3.

In some embodiments, L is a bond, —C(O)NR¹³—, —NR¹³C(O)—, or —NR¹³. In some embodiments, L is a bond, —C(O)NR¹³—, or —NR¹³—;

In some embodiments, L is a bond, —NH—, —CH═CH— or —C(O)NH—, wherein the carbonyl group in the —C(O)NH— linkage is attached to ring A.

In some embodiments, L is a bond, —NR¹³—, —(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)O—, —O(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—, —(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)NR¹³— or —NR¹³—(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—, wherein the subscript q is 1, 2 or 3. In certain instances, R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ are each independently H or C₁₋₄ alkyl. In other instances, R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ taken together form C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl or 4-6-membered heterocycloalkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 R^(q) substituents.

In some embodiments, L is a bond.

In some embodiments, L is —NR¹³. In certain instances, R¹³ is H or C₁₋₄ alkyl.

In some embodiments, L is —CH₂O— or —OCH₂—.

In some embodiments, L is —NR¹³CH₂— or —CH₂NR¹³. In certain instances, R¹³ is H or C₁₋₄ alkyl.

In some embodiments, L is —C(O)NH—. In some embodiments, L is —NH—.

In some embodiments, the subscript m is an integer of 0 or 1. In some embodiments, the subscript m is 0.

In some embodiments, R⁵ is C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, or OH. In some embodiments, R⁵ is C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, halo, or OH. In some embodiments, R⁵ is C₁₋₄ alkyl or halo. In some embodiments, R⁵ is C₁₋₄ alkyl. In some embodiments, R⁵ is halo. In some embodiments, the subscript n is 1 and R⁵ is halo or C₁₋₄ alkyl.

In some embodiments, R³ is methyl, halo, or CN. In some embodiments, R³ is methyl, CN or Cl. In some embodiments, R³ is methyl. In some embodiments, R³ is CN. In some embodiments, R³ is Cl.

In some embodiments, R³ and R⁵ are each independently halo, methyl or CN.

In some embodiments, R⁷ is CN or halo.

In some embodiments, R¹² is H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, or OH, wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl and C₁₋₄ alkoxy of R¹² are each optionally substituted with phenyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, 5-6-membered heteroaryl or 4-6-membered heterocycloalkyl. In some embodiments, R¹² is H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, or halo. In some embodiments, R¹² is H, halo, CN, C₁₋₄ alkyl or C₁₋₄ alkoxy. In some embodiments, R¹² is H or C₁₋₄ alkyl. In some embodiments, R¹² is H.

In some embodiments, R⁶ and R¹⁷ are each independently selected from H, halo, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, 5-14 membered heteroaryl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, CN, NO₂, OR^(a), SR^(a), NHOR^(a), C(O)R^(a), C(O)NR^(a)R^(a), C(O)OR^(a), OC(O)R^(a), OC(O)NR^(a)R^(a), NHR^(a), NR^(a)R^(a), NR^(a)C(O)R^(a), and NR^(a)C(O)OR^(a), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, 5-14 membered heteroaryl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁-4 alkyl-, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R⁶ and R¹⁷ are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 independently selected R^(b) substituents.

In some embodiments, R⁶ and R¹⁷ are each independently selected from H, halo, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, 5-14 membered heteroaryl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, CN, OR^(a), C(O)R^(a), C(O)NR^(a)R^(a), C(O)OR^(a), NHR^(a), NR^(a)R^(a), NR^(a)C(O)R^(a), and NR^(a)C(O)OR^(a), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl, 5-14 membered heteroaryl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, C₃₋₁₄ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R⁶ and R¹⁷ are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(b) substituents.

In some embodiments, R⁶ and R¹⁷ are each independently selected from H, halo, C₁₋₆ alkyl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, CN, OR^(a), and C(O)R^(a), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, and (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R⁶ and R¹⁷ are each optionally substituted with 1 or 2 independently selected R^(b) substituents.

In some embodiments, R⁶ is H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, 2-hydroxyethyl, 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)azetidin-3-yl, pyrrolidin-2-yl, 3-(dimethylamino)propanoyl, 1-methylpyrrolidine-2-carbonyl, 2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)acetyl, 2-(isopropylamino)acetyl, 2-((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)acetyl, 2-((S)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)acetyl, 2-(3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)acetyl, 2-(azetidin-1-yl)acetyl, 2-(ethyl(methyl)amino)acetyl, 2-((S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)acetyl, 2-((R)-3-hydroxy-3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)acetyl, (S)-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)methanoyl, 2-(3-hydroxyazetidin-1-yl)acetyl, 2-((R)-3-hydroxyazetidin-1-yl)acetyl, 2-((S)-3-hydroxyazetidin-1-yl)acetyl, 2-(3-hydroxy-3-methylazetidin-1-yl)acetyl, 2-((R)-3-hydroxy-3-methylazetidin-1-yl)acetyl, 2-((S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylazetidin-1-yl)acetyl, 2-(azetidin-1-yl)acetyl, pyrrolidin-1-ylmethyl, azetidin-1-ylmethyl, 3-hydroxyazetidin-1-yl)methyl, (R)-3-hydroxyazetidin-1-yl)methyl, (S)-3-hydroxyazetidin-1-yl)methyl, 2-(3-hydroxy-3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl, 2-((S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl, 2-((R)-3-hydroxy-3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl, 1-((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)ethyl, (((S)-2-hydroxypropyl)amino)methyl, (((R)-2-hydroxypropyl)amino)methyl, ((−2-hydroxypropyl)amino)methyl, (2-hydroxyethyl)amino)methyl, (3-carboxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl, (R)-(3-carboxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl, (S)-(3-carboxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl, (3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl, (R)-(3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl, (S)-(3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl, (2-hydroxyethylamino)methyl, (2-hydroxy-2-methylpropylamino)methyl, 2-(dimethylamino)ethanoyl, 2-(3-carboxyazetidin-1-yl)ethanoyl, (R)-2-(3-carboxyazetidin-1-yl)ethanoyl, (S)-2-(3-carboxyazetidin-1-yl)ethanoyl, 2-(2-carboxypiperidin-1-yl)ethanoyl, (R)-2-(2-carboxypiperidin-1-yl)ethanoyl, (S)-2-(2-carboxypiperidin-1-yl)ethanoyl, 2-(3-carboxypyrrolidin-1-yl)ethanoyl, (S)-2-(3-carboxypyrrolidin-1-yl)ethanoyl, (R)-2-(3-carboxypyrrolidin-1-yl)ethanoyl, (5-cyanopyridin-3-yl)methoxy, halo or CN.

In some embodiments, R⁶ is 2-(3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)ethyl, (R)-2-(3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)ethyl, (S)-2-(3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)ethyl, 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl, (S)-(1-hydroxybutan-2-ylamino)methyl, (S)-(1-hydroxybutan-2-ylamino)methyl, (1-hydroxybutan-2-ylamino)methyl, (S)-(1-hydroxypropan-2-ylamino)methyl, (R)-(1-hydroxypropan-2-ylamino)methyl, (1-hydroxypropan-2-ylamino)methyl, (methylamino)methyl, (1-hydroxy-2-methylpropan-2-ylamino)methyl, (1-hydroxycyclopropyl)methylamino)methyl, (4-carboxypiperidin-1-yl)methyl, (R)-(3-carboxy-3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl, (S)-(3-carboxy-3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl, (3-carboxy-3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl, 2-(isopropyl(methyl)amino)acetyl, 2-(ethyl(methyl)amino)acetyl, 2-((cyclopropylmethyl)(methyl)amino)acetyl, 2-(4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl)acetyl, 2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)acetyl, 2-((2-hydroxyethyl)(methyl)amino)acetyl, 2-(((R)-1-hydroxypropan-2-yl)(methyl)amino)acetyl, 2-(((S)-1-hydroxypropan-2-yl)(methyl)amino)acetyl, 2-((−1-hydroxypropan-2-yl)(methyl)amino)acetyl, (4-boronophenyl)methyl, 2-(methyl(methyl)amino)acetyl, 2-(4-hydroxypiperidin-1-yl)acetyl, 2-(5-methyl-2,5-diazabicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-yl)acetyl, (4-carboxycyclohexyl)methyl, trans-(4-carboxycyclohexyl)methyl, cis-(4-carboxycyclohexyl)methyl, (3-carboxybicyclo[1.1.1]pentan-1-yl)methyl, 3-carboxy-3-methylcyclobutyl, 4-carboxycycloheptanyl, 2-(4-carboxycyclohexan-1-yl)ethyl, (4-carboxycyclohexan-1-yl)methyl, (4-carboxybicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-1-yl)methyl or (4-carboxy-4-methylcyclohexyl)methyl.

In some embodiments, R⁷H, is C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, or OH, wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl and C₁₋₄ alkoxy are each optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from CN, halo or —C(O)NH₂. In some embodiments, R⁷ is H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, or halo, wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl and C₁₋₄ alkoxy are each optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from CN or halo. In some embodiments, R⁷ is H, halo, CN, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy or C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl and C₁₋₄ alkoxy of R⁷ are each optionally substituted with CN. In some embodiments, R⁷ is H, halo, CN, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy or C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy. In some embodiments, R⁷ is halo. In some embodiments, R⁷ is H.

In some embodiments, one of R¹ and R² is —(CR⁸R⁹)_(p)—NR¹⁰R¹¹ and the other is H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, or OH, wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl and C₁₋₄ alkoxy of R¹ or R² is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, and OH. In some embodiments, one of R¹ and R² is —(CR⁸R⁹)_(p)—NR¹⁰R¹¹ and the other is H, C₁₋₄ alkyl or C₁₋₄ alkoxy, wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl and C₁₋₄ alkoxy of R¹ or R² is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, and CN.

In some embodiments, R² is cyanomethoxy.

In some embodiments, R¹ is cyanomethoxy.

In some embodiments, the subscript p is 1, 2, or 3. In some embodiments, the subscript p is 1 or 2. In some embodiments, the subscript p is 1.

In some embodiments, R⁸ and R⁹ are each independently selected from H, halo, CN, OH, —COOH, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl, —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, and C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy. In some embodiments, R⁸ and R⁹ are each independently selected from H, halo, CN, OH, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, and C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy. In some embodiments, R⁸ and R⁹ are each independently selected from H, halo, C₁₋₄ alkyl and C₁₋₄ alkoxy. In some embodiments, R⁸ is H. In some embodiments, R⁹ is H. In some embodiments, R⁸ and R⁹ are each H.

In some embodiments, R¹⁰ is selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, and C₁₋₆ haloalkyl. In some embodiments, R¹⁰ is selected from H and C₁₋₆ alkyl. In some embodiments, R¹⁰ is H.

In some embodiments, R¹¹ is selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, —C(O)R^(g), —C(O)OR^(g), —C(O)NR^(g)R^(g), —SO₂R^(g) and —SO₂NR^(g)R^(g), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl and C₁₋₆ haloalkyl of R¹¹ are each optionally substituted with 1 or 2 independently selected R^(f) substituents. In some embodiments, R^(n) is selected from H and C₁₋₆ alkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 independently selected R^(f) substituents. In some embodiments, R^(n) is 2-hydroxyethyl, 2-carboxyethyl, [1-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopropyl]methyl, [1-(hydroxymethyl)cyclobutyl]methyl or 2-(dimethylamino)-2-oxo-ethyl.

In some embodiments, —NR¹⁰R¹¹ is (2-hydroxyethyl)amino, (2-carboxyethyl)amino, 2-carboxy-1-piperidinyl, 2-oxooxazolidin-3-yl, [1-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopropyl]methylamino, [1-(hydroxymethyl)cyclobutyl]methylamino, 3-carboxypyrrolidin-1-yl, (R)-3-carboxypyrrolidin-1-yl, (S)-3-carboxypyrrolidin-1-yl, (S)-2-carboxypyrrolidin-1-yl, (R)-2-carboxypyrrolidin-1-yl, 2-carboxypyrrolidin-1-yl, (1-carboxyethyl)amino, (R)-(1-carboxyethyl)amino, (S)-(1-carboxyethyl)amino, 3-methyl-3-carboxypyrrolidin-1-yl, 4-carboxypiperidin-1-yl, (S)-4-carboxypiperidin-1-yl, (R)-4-carboxypiperidin-1-yl, 3-carboxy-azetidin-1-yl, (R)-3-carboxy-azetidin-1-yl, (S)-3-carboxy-azetidin-1-yl, (2-hydroxyethyl)(methyl)amino, [2-(dimethylamino)-2-oxo-ethyl]amino, (R)-3-methyl-3-carboxypyrrolidin-1-yl, (S)-3-methyl-3-carboxypyrrolidin-1-yl, (1-carboxyethyl)amino, (4-carboxycyclohexyl)amino, 3-(methylaminocarbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl, (R)-3-(methylaminocarbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl, (S)-3-(methylaminocarbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl, 3-(2-hydroxyethylaminocarbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl, (R)-3-(2-hydroxyethylaminocarbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl, (S)-3-(2-hydroxyethylaminocarbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl, 2-(methylcarbonylamino)ethylamino, 3-(2-hydroxyethylcarbonylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl, (R)-3-(2-hydroxyethylcarbonylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl, (S)-3-(2-hydroxyethylcarbonylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl, (R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl, (S)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl, or 3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl In some embodiments, —NR¹⁰R¹¹ is (2-hydroxyethyl)amino, (2-carboxyethyl)amino, 2-carboxy-1-piperidinyl, 2-oxooxazolidin-3-yl, [1-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopropyl]methylamino, [1-(hydroxymethyl)cyclobutyl]methylamino, 3-carboxypyrrolidin-1-yl, (S)-2-carboxypyrrolidin-1-yl, (S)-3-methyl-3-carboxypyrrolidin-1-yl, 4-carboxypiperidin-1-yl, 3-carboxy-azetidin-1l-yl, (2-hydroxyethyl)(methyl)amino, [2-(dimethylamino)-2-oxo-ethyl]amino, (R)-3-methyl-3-carboxypyrrolidin-1-yl, (1-carboxyethyl)amino, (4-carboxycyclohexyl)amino, 3-(methylaminocarbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl, 3-(2-hydroxyethylaminocarbonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl, 2-(methylcarbonylamino)ethylamino, 3-(2-hydroxyethylcarbonylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl, or 3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl.

In some embodiments, —NR¹⁰R¹¹ is (2-hydroxyethyl)amino, (2-carboxyethyl)amino, 2-carboxy-1-piperidinyl, 2-oxooxazolidin-3-yl, [1-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopropyl]methylamino, [1-(hydroxymethyl)cyclobutyl]methylamino, 3-carboxypyrrolidin-1-yl, (S)-2-carboxypyrrolidin-1-yl, (S)-3-methyl-3-carboxypyrrolidin-1-yl, 4-carboxypiperidin-1-yl, 3-carboxy-azetidin-1l-yl, (2-hydroxyethyl)(methyl)amino or [2-(dimethylamino)-2-oxo-ethyl]amino.

In some embodiments, —NR¹⁰R¹¹ is (2-hydroxyethyl)amino, (2-carboxyethyl)amino, 2-carboxy-1-piperidinyl, 2-oxooxazolidin-3-yl, [1-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopropyl]methylamino, [1-(hydroxymethyl)cyclobutyl]methylamino or [2-(dimethylamino)-2-oxo-ethyl]amino.

In some embodiments, —NR¹⁰R¹¹ is 5-carboxy-2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-yl, 4-carboxy-2-azbicyclo[2.1.1]hexan-2-yl, 6-carboxy-2-azaspiro[3.3]heptan-2-yl, 3-carboxy-3-methoxymethylpyrrolidin-1-yl, (R)-3-carboxy-3-methoxymethylpyrrolidin-1-yl, (S)-3-carboxy-3-methoxymethylpyrrolidin-1-yl, 4-carboxy-2-azabicyclo[2.1.1]hexan-2-yl, 3-methanesulfamoylpyrrolidin-1-yl, 5-carboxy-2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-yl, 5-hydroxy-2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-yl, pyrrolidin-1-yl, (1R,3S)-3-carboxycyclopentan-1-ylamino, (1R,3R)-3-carboxycyclopentan-1-ylamino, (1S,3 S)-3-carboxycyclopentan-1-ylamino, (1S,3R)-3-carboxycyclopentan-1-ylamino, (1R,2R)-2-carboxycyclopentan-1-ylamino, (1 S, 2S)-2-carboxycyclopentan-1-ylamino, (1R,2S)-2-carboxycyclopentan-1-ylamino, (1 S, 2R)-2-carboxycyclopentan-1-ylamino, trans-3-carboxycyclobutan-1-ylamino, cis-3-carboxycyclobutan-1-ylamino, trans-4-(carboxymethyl)cyclohexan-1-ylamino, cis-4-(carboxymethyl)cyclohexan-1-ylamino, 4-carboxybicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-1-ylamino, (R)-2-hydroxypropylamino, (S)-2-hydroxypropylamino, (R)-3-hydroxy-propan-2-ylamino or (S)-3-hydroxy-propan-2-ylamino.

In some embodiments, R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ are each independently selected from H, halo, CN, OH, —COOH, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl, —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, and C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy. In some embodiments, R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ are each independently selected from H, halo, CN, OH, —COOH, and C₁₋₄ alkyl. In some embodiments, R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ are each independently selected from H and C₁₋₄ alkyl. In some embodiments, R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ are H.

In some embodiments, each R^(a) is independently selected from H, CN, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, 5-14 membered heteroaryl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, 5-14 membered heteroaryl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(a) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(d) substituents. In some embodiments, each R^(a) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(a) are each optionally substituted with 1 or 2 independently selected R^(d) substituents.

In some embodiments, each R^(d) is independently selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, halo, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, CN, NH₂, OR^(e), C(O)R^(e), C(O)NR^(e)R^(e), C(O)OR^(e), NHR^(e), NR^(e)R^(e), NR^(e)C(O)R^(e), NR^(e)C(O)NR^(e)R^(e), and NR^(e)C(O)OR^(e), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, 5-14 membered heteroaryl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(d) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(f) substituents. In some embodiments, each R^(d) is independently selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, CN, NH₂, OR^(e), C(O)OR^(e), NHR^(e), and NR^(e)R^(e), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, and (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(d) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(f) substituents.

In some embodiments, each R^(e) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, and C₂₋₆ alkynyl. In some embodiments, each R^(e) is independently selected from H and C₁₋₆ alkyl.

In some embodiments, each R^(b) substituent is independently selected from halo, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, CN, OH, NH₂, OR^(c), C(O)R^(c), C(O)NR^(c)R^(c), C(O)OR^(c), NHR^(c), NR^(c)R^(c), NR^(c)C(O)R^(c), and NR^(c)C(O)OR^(c); wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, and C₂₋₆ alkynyl of R^(b) are each further optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(d) substituents. In some embodiments, each R^(b) substituent is independently selected from halo, C₁₋₆ alkyl, OH, NH₂, OR^(c), C(O)R^(c), C(O)NR^(c)R^(c), C(O)OR^(c), NHR^(c), and NR^(c)R^(c); wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl of R^(b) is further optionally substituted with 1 or 2 independently selected R^(d) substituents. In some embodiments, each R^(b) substituent is independently selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl, OH, NH₂, OR^(c), C(O)NR^(c)R^(c), C(O)OR^(c), NHR^(c), and NR^(c)R^(c); wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl of R^(b) is further optionally substituted with 1 or 2 independently selected R^(d) substituents.

In some embodiments, each R^(c) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, and 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, and 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl of R^(c) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(f) substituents. In some embodiments, each R^(c) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, and C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl and C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl of R^(c) are each optionally substituted with 1 or 2 independently selected R^(f) substituents.

In some embodiments, each R^(f) is independently selected from C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, halo, CN, OR^(g), C(O)R^(g), C(O)NR^(g)R^(g), C(O)OR^(g), NHR^(g), NR^(g)R^(g), and NR^(g)C(O)R^(g). In some embodiments, each R^(f) is independently selected from C₁₋₄ alkyl, OR^(g), C(O)OR, and NR^(c)(O)R. In some embodiments, each R^(g) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, and C₂₋₆ alkynyl. In some embodiments, each R^(g) is independently selected from H and C₁₋₆ alkyl.

In some embodiments, the subscript m is an integer of 0, 1, or 2. In some embodiments, the subscript m is an integer of 0 or 1. In some embodiments, the subscript m is an integer of 0.

In some embodiments, the subscript n is an integer of 0, 1 or 2. In some embodiments, the subscript n is an integer of 0 or 1. In some embodiments, the subscript n is an integer of 0. In some embodiments, the subscript n is an integer of 1.

In some embodiments, each subscript q is independently an integer of 1, 2, or 3. In some embodiments, each subscript q is independently an integer of 1 or 2. In some embodiments, each subscript q is independently an integer of 1. In some embodiments, each subscript q is independently an integer of 2.

In some embodiments, the subscript s is an integer of 1, 2, or 3. In some embodiments, the subscript s is an integer of 1 or 2. In some embodiments, the subscript s is an integer of 1. In some embodiments, the subscript s is an integer of 2.

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound of Formula (I) or (Ia), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein:

ring A is 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl or 4- to 11-membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein the 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl and 4- to 11-membered heterocycloalkyl each has 1-4 heteroatoms as ring members selected from N, O and S, wherein the N or S atom as ring members is optionally oxidized and one or more carbon atoms as ring members are each optionally replaced by a carbonyl group; and wherein ring A is optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 R⁶ substituents;

L is a bond, —C(O)NR¹³—, —NR¹³C(O)—, O, or —NR¹³—;

one of R¹ and R² is —(CR⁸R⁹)_(p)—NR¹⁰R¹¹ and the other is H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, or OH, wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl and C₁₋₄ alkoxy of R¹ or R² is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, OH, NH₂, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl and —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂;

R³ is methyl or halo;

R⁴ is C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, or OH;

R⁵ is C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, or OH;

each R⁶ is independently selected from H, halo, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, CN, OR^(a), C(O)R^(a), C(O)NR^(a)R^(a), C(O)OR^(a), NHR^(a), NR^(a)R^(a), and NR^(a)C(O)R^(a), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, and C₂₋₆ alkynyl of R⁶ are each optionally substituted with 1 or 2 R^(b) substituents;

R⁷ is H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, or OH;

R⁸ and R⁹ are each independently selected from H, halo, CN, OH, —COOH, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁-4 alkoxy, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl, —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, and C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy;

R¹⁰ and R¹¹ are each independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, —C(O)R^(g), —C(O)OR^(g), and —C(O)NR^(g)R^(g), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl and C₁₋₆ haloalkyl of R¹⁰ or R¹¹ are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(f) substituents;

or R¹⁰ and R¹¹ taken together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form 4-, 5-, 6- or 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein the 4-, 5-, 6- or 7-membered heterocycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 R^(h) substituents;

R¹² is H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, or OH;

each R¹³ is independently H, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl or C₁₋₆ alkyl optionally substituted with a substituent selected from C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, or OH;

each R^(a) is independently selected from H, CN, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, and C₂₋₆ alkynyl, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, and C₂₋₆ alkynyl of R^(a) are each optionally substituted with 1 or 2 R^(d) substituents;

each R^(d) is independently selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, halo, CN, NH₂, OR^(e), C(O)R^(e), C(O)NR^(e)R^(e), C(O)OR^(e), NHR^(e), NR^(e)R^(e), and NR^(e)C(O)R^(e);

each R^(e) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, and C₂₋₆ alkynyl;

each R^(b) substituent is independently selected from halo, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, CN, OH, NH₂, OR^(c), C(O)R^(c), C(O)NR^(c)R^(c), C(O)OR^(c), NHR^(c), NR^(c)R^(c), and NR^(c)C(O)R^(c); wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(b) are each further optionally substituted with 1 or 2 independently selected R^(d) substituents;

each R^(c) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, and C₂₋₆ alkynyl, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, and C₂₋₆ alkynyl of R^(c) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 R^(f) substituents;

each R^(f) is independently selected from C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, halo, CN, OR^(g), C(O)R^(g), C(O)NR^(g)R^(g), C(O)OR^(g), NHR^(g), NR^(g)R^(g), and NR^(c)(O)R^(g);

each R^(g) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, and C₂₋₆ alkynyl;

each R^(h) is independently selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, halo, CN, OR^(i), C(O)R^(i), C(O)NR^(i)R^(i), C(O)OR^(i), NHR^(i), NR^(i)R^(i), and NR^(i)C(O)R^(i);

each R^(i) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, and C₂₋₄ alkynyl;

the subscript m is an integer of 0, 1 or 2;

the subscript n is an integer of 0, 1, or 2; and

the subscript p is an integer of 1, 2, or 3.

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound of Formula (I) or (Ia), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein:

ring A is 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl or 4- to 11-membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein the 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl and 4- to 11-membered heterocycloalkyl each has 1-4 heteroatoms as ring members selected from N, O and S, wherein the N or S atom as ring members is optionally oxidized and one or more carbon atoms as ring members are each optionally replaced by a carbonyl group; and wherein ring A is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 R⁶ substituents;

L is a bond, —C(O)NR¹³—, —NR¹³C(O)—, or —NR¹³—;

one of R¹ and R² is —(CR⁸R⁹)_(p)—NR¹⁰R¹¹ and the other is H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, or C₁₋₄ alkoxy, wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl and C₁₋₄ alkoxy of R¹ or R² is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from C₁₋₄ alkoxy, CN, halo, OH, and NH₂;

R³ is methyl or halo;

R⁴ is C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, CN, halo, or OH;

R⁵ is C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, CN, halo, or OH;

each R⁶ is independently selected from H, halo, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, CN, and OR^(a), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, and C₂₋₆ alkynyl of R⁶ are each optionally substituted with 1 or 2 R^(b) substituents;

R⁷ is H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, CN, halo, or OH;

R⁸ and R⁹ are each independently selected from H, halo, CN, OH, and C₁₋₄ alkyl;

R¹⁰ and R¹¹ are each independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, and C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl and C₁₋₆ haloalkyl of R¹⁰ or R¹¹ are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(f) substituents;

or R¹⁰ and R¹¹ taken together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form 4-, 5-, 6- or 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein the 4-, 5-, 6- or 7-membered heterocycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 R^(h) substituents;

R¹² is H or C₁₋₄ alkyl;

each R¹³ is independently H or C₁₋₆ alkyl;

each R^(a) is independently selected from H and C₁₋₆ alkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 R^(d) substituents;

each R^(d) is independently selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, halo, CN, and C(O)OR^(e); each R^(e) is independently selected from H and C₁₋₆ alkyl;

each R^(b) substituent is independently selected from halo, C₁₋₆ alkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, CN, OH, NH₂, NHR^(c), NR^(c)R^(c), and NR^(c)C(O)R^(c); wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, and 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl of R^(b) are each further optionally substituted with 1 or 2 independently selected R^(d) substituents;

each R^(c) is independently selected from H and C₁₋₆ alkyl optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 R^(f) substituents;

each R^(f) is independently selected from C₁₋₄ alkyl, halo, CN, OR^(g), C(O)R^(g), C(O)NR^(g)R^(g), and C(O)OR^(g);

each R^(g) is independently selected from H and C₁₋₆ alkyl;

each R^(h) is independently selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, halo, OR^(i), C(O)R^(i), C(O)NR^(i)R^(i), and C(O)OR^(i);

each R^(i) is independently selected from H and C₁₋₄ alkyl;

the subscript m is an integer of 0 or 1;

the subscript n is an integer of 0 or 1; and

the subscript p is an integer of 1 or 2.

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound of Formula (I) or (Ia), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein:

ring A is 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl or 4- to 11-membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein the 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl and 4- to 11-membered heterocycloalkyl each has 1-4 heteroatoms as ring members selected from N, O and S, wherein the N or S atom as ring members is optionally oxidized and one or more carbon atoms as ring members are each optionally replaced by a carbonyl group; and wherein ring A is optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 R⁶ substituents;

L is a bond, —C(O)NR¹³—, —NR¹³C(O)—, O, or —NR¹³—;

one of R¹ and R² is —(CR⁸R⁹)_(p)—NR¹⁰R¹¹ and the other is H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, or OH, wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl and C₁₋₄ alkoxy of R¹ or R² is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, OH, NH₂, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl and —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂;

R³ is methyl or halo;

R⁴ is C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, or OH;

R⁵ is C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, or OH;

each R⁶ is independently selected from H, halo, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, CN, OR^(a), C(O)R^(a), C(O)NR^(a)R^(a), C(O)OR^(a), NHR^(a), NR^(a)R^(a), and NR^(a)C(O)R^(a), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, and C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl of R⁶ are each optionally substituted with 1 or 2 R^(b) substituents;

R⁷ is H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, or OH;

R⁸ and R⁹ are each independently selected from H, halo, CN, OH, —COOH, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁-4 alkoxy, —NHC₁₋₄ alkyl, —N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, and C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy;

R¹⁰ and R¹¹ are each independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, —C(O)R^(g), —C(O)OR^(g), and —C(O)NR^(g)R^(g), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl and C₁₋₆ haloalkyl of R¹⁰ or R¹¹ are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(f) substituents;

or R¹⁰ and R¹¹ taken together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form 4-, 5-, 6- or 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein the 4-, 5-, 6- or 7-membered heterocycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 R^(h) substituents;

R¹² is H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, or OH; each R¹³ is independently H, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl or C₁₋₆ alkyl optionally substituted with a substituent selected from C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, or OH;

each R^(a) is independently selected from H, CN, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, and C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, and C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl of R^(a) are each optionally substituted with 1 or 2 R^(d) substituents;

each R^(d) is independently selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, halo, CN, NH₂, OR^(e), C(O)R^(e), C(O)NR^(e)R^(e), C(O)OR^(e), NHR^(e), NR^(e)R^(e), and NR^(e)C(O)R^(e), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl and C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl of R^(d) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(f) substituents;

each R^(e) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, and C₂₋₆ alkynyl;

each R^(b) substituent is independently selected from halo, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, CN, OH, NH₂, OR^(c), C(O)R^(c), C(O)NR^(c)R^(c), C(O)OR^(c), NHR^(c), NR^(c)R^(c), and NR^(c)C(O)R^(c); wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(b) are each further optionally substituted with 1 or 2 independently selected R^(d) substituents;

each R^(c) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, and C₂₋₆ alkynyl, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, and C₂₋₆ alkynyl of R^(c) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 R^(f) substituents;

each R^(f) is independently selected from C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, halo, CN, OR^(g), C(O)R, C(O)NR^(g)R^(g), C(O)OR, NHR^(g), NR^(g)R^(g), and NR^(c)(O)R^(g); each R^(g) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, and C₂₋₆ alkynyl;

each R^(h) is independently selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, halo, CN, OR^(i), C(O)R^(i), C(O)NR^(i)R^(i), C(O)OR^(i), NHR^(i), NR^(i)R^(i), and NR^(i)C(O)R^(i);

each R^(i) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, and C₂₋₄ alkynyl;

the subscript m is an integer of 0, 1 or 2;

the subscript n is an integer of 0, 1, or 2; and

the subscript p is an integer of 1, 2, or 3.

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound of Formula (I) or (Ia), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein:

ring A is 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl or 4- to 11-membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein the 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl and 4- to 11-membered heterocycloalkyl each has 1-4 heteroatoms as ring members selected from N, O and S, wherein the N or S atom as ring members is optionally oxidized and one or more carbon atoms as ring members are each optionally replaced by a carbonyl group; and wherein ring A is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 R⁶ substituents;

L is a bond, —C(O)NR¹³—, —NR¹³C(O)—, or —NR¹³—;

one of R¹ and R² is —(CR⁸R⁹)_(p)—NR¹⁰R¹¹ and the other is H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, or C₁₋₄ alkoxy, wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl and C₁₋₄ alkoxy of R¹ or R² is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from C₁₋₄ alkoxy, CN, halo, OH, and NH₂;

R³ is methyl or halo;

R⁴ is C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, CN, halo, or OH;

R⁵ is C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, CN, halo, or OH;

each R⁶ is independently selected from H, halo, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, CN, OR^(a), NHR^(a), NR^(a)R^(a), and C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, and C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl of R⁶ are each optionally substituted with 1 or 2 R^(b) substituents;

R⁷ is H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, CN, halo, or OH;

R⁸ and R⁹ are each independently selected from H, halo, CN, OH, and C₁₋₄ alkyl;

R¹⁰ and R¹¹ are each independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, and C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl and C₁₋₆ haloalkyl of R¹⁰ or R¹¹ are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(f) substituents;

or R¹⁰ and R¹¹ taken together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form 4-, 5-, 6- or 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein the 4-, 5-, 6- or 7-membered heterocycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 R^(h) substituents;

R¹² is H or C₁₋₄ alkyl;

each R¹³ is independently H or C₁₋₆ alkyl;

each R^(a) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, and C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 R^(d) substituents;

each R^(d) is independently selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, halo, CN, OR^(e) and C(O)OR^(e), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl and C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl of R^(d) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(f) substituents;

each R^(e) is independently selected from H and C₁₋₆ alkyl;

each R^(b) substituent is independently selected from halo, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, CN, OH, NH₂, NHR^(c), NR^(c)R^(c), and NR^(c)C(O)R^(c); wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, and 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl of R^(b) are each further optionally substituted with 1 or 2 independently selected R^(d) substituents;

each R^(c) is independently selected from H and C₁₋₆ alkyl optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 R^(f) substituents;

each R^(f) is independently selected from C₁₋₄ alkyl, halo, CN, OR^(g), C(O)R^(g), C(O)NR^(g)R^(g), and C(O)OR^(g);

each R^(g) is independently selected from H and C₁₋₆ alkyl;

each R^(h) is independently selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, halo, OR^(i), C(O)R^(i), C(O)NR^(i)R^(i), and C(O)OR^(i);

each R^(i) is independently selected from H and C₁₋₄ alkyl;

the subscript m is an integer of 0 or 1;

the subscript n is an integer of 0 or 1; and

the subscript p is an integer of 1 or 2.

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound of Formula (I) or (Ia), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein:

ring A is 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, 4- to 11-membered heterocycloalkyl, or C₆₋₁₀ aryl, wherein the 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl and 4- to 11-membered heterocycloalkyl each has 1-4 heteroatoms as ring members selected from N, O and S, wherein the N or S atom as ring members is optionally oxidized and one or more carbon atoms as ring members are each optionally replaced by a carbonyl group; and wherein ring A is optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 R⁶ substituents;

L is a bond, —C(O)NR¹³—, —NR¹³C(O)—, —(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—O—, —O(CR¹⁴R¹⁵)_(q)—, or —NR¹³—; one of R¹ and R² is —(CR⁸R⁹)_(p)—NR¹⁰R¹¹ and the other is H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, or C₁₋₄ alkoxy, wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl and C₁₋₄ alkoxy of R¹ or R² is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from C₁₋₄ alkoxy, CN, halo, OH, and NH₂;

R³ is methyl or halo;

R⁴ is C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, CN, halo, or OH;

R⁵ is C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, CN, halo, or OH;

each R⁶ is independently selected from H, halo, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, CN, OR^(a), NHR^(a), NR^(a)R^(a), C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, CN, OR^(a), and C(O)R^(a), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, and (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R⁶ are each optionally substituted with 1 or 2 R^(b) substituents;

each R¹³ is independently H or C₁₋₆ alkyl;

R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ are each independently selected from H and C₁₋₄ alkyl;

R⁷ is H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, CN, halo, or OH;

R⁸ and R⁹ are each independently selected from H, halo, CN, OH, and C₁₋₄ alkyl;

R¹⁰ and R¹¹ are each independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, and C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl and C₁₋₆ haloalkyl of R¹⁰ or R¹¹ are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(f) substituents;

or R¹⁰ and R¹¹ taken together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form 4-, 5-, 6- or 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein the 4-, 5-, 6- or 7-membered heterocycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 R^(h) substituents;

R¹² is H or C₁₋₄ alkyl;

each R¹³ is independently H or C₁₋₆ alkyl;

each R^(a) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, and (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, wherein C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, (5-14 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(a) are each optionally substituted with 1 or 2 independently selected R^(d) substituents;

each R^(d) is independently selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, halo, CN, OR^(e), C(O)OR^(e), NHR^(e), and NR^(e)R^(e), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, and 4-14 membered heterocycloalkyl of R^(d) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(f) substituents;

each R^(e) is independently selected from H and C₁₋₆ alkyl;

each R^(b) substituent is independently selected from halo, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, CN, OH, OR^(c), C(O)NR^(c)R^(c), C(O)OR^(c), NH₂, NHR^(c), NR^(c)R^(c), and NR^(c)C(O)R^(c); wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, and 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl of R^(b) are each further optionally substituted with 1 or 2 independently selected R^(d) substituents;

each R^(c) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, and C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, wherein C₁₋₆ alkyl and C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 R^(f) substituents;

each R^(f) is independently selected from C₁₋₄ alkyl, halo, CN, OR^(g), C(O)R^(g), C(O)NR^(g)R^(g), C(O)OR⁹, and NR^(g)C(O)R^(g);

each R^(g) is independently selected from H and C₁₋₆ alkyl;

each R^(h) is independently selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, halo, OR, C(O)R^(i), C(O)NR^(i)R^(i), and C(O)OR^(i);

each R^(i) is independently selected from H and C₁₋₄ alkyl;

the subscript m is an integer of 0 or 1;

the subscript n is an integer of 0 or 1; and

the subscript p is an integer of 1 or 2.

It is further appreciated that certain features of the invention, which are, for clarity, described in the context of separate embodiments, can also be provided in combination in a single embodiment (while the embodiments are intended to be combined as if written in multiply dependent form). Conversely, various features of the invention which are, for brevity, described in the context of a single embodiment, can also be provided separately or in any suitable subcombination. Thus, it is contemplated as features described as embodiments of the compounds of Formula (I) can be combined in any suitable combination.

At various places in the present specification, certain features of the compounds are disclosed in groups or in ranges. It is specifically intended that such a disclosure include each and every individual subcombination of the members of such groups and ranges. For example, the term “C₁₋₆ alkyl” is specifically intended to individually disclose (without limitation) methyl, ethyl, C₃ alkyl, C₄ alkyl, C₅ alkyl and C₆ alkyl.

The term “n-membered,” where n is an integer, typically describes the number of ring-forming atoms in a moiety where the number of ring-forming atoms is n. For example, piperidinyl is an example of a 6-membered heterocycloalkyl ring, pyrazolyl is an example of a 5-membered heteroaryl ring, pyridyl is an example of a 6-membered heteroaryl ring and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-naphthalene is an example of a 10-membered cycloalkyl group.

At various places in the present specification, variables defining divalent linking groups may be described. It is specifically intended that each linking substituent include both the forward and backward forms of the linking substituent. For example, —NR(CR′R″)_(n)— includes both —NR(CR′R″)_(n)— and —(CR′R″)_(n)NR— and is intended to disclose each of the forms individually. Where the structure requires a linking group, the Markush variables listed for that group are understood to be linking groups. For example, if the structure requires a linking group and the Markush group definition for that variable lists “alkyl” or “aryl” then it is understood that the “alkyl” or “aryl” represents a linking alkylene group or arylene group, respectively.

The term “substituted” means that an atom or group of atoms formally replaces hydrogen as a “substituent” attached to another group. The term “substituted”, unless otherwise indicated, refers to any level of substitution, e.g., mono-, di-, tri-, tetra- or penta-substitution, where such substitution is permitted. The substituents are independently selected, and substitution may be at any chemically accessible position. It is to be understood that substitution at a given atom is limited by valency. It is to be understood that substitution at a given atom results in a chemically stable molecule. The phrase “optionally substituted” means unsubstituted or substituted. The term “substituted” means that a hydrogen atom is removed and replaced by a substituent. A single divalent substituent, e.g., oxo, can replace two hydrogen atoms.

The term “C_(n-m)” indicates a range which includes the endpoints, wherein n and m are integers and indicate the number of carbons. Examples include C₁₋₄, C₁₋₆ and the like.

The term “alkyl” employed alone or in combination with other terms, refers to a saturated hydrocarbon group that may be straight-chained or branched. The term “C_(n-m) alkyl”, refers to an alkyl group having n to m carbon atoms. An alkyl group formally corresponds to an alkane with one C—H bond replaced by the point of attachment of the alkyl group to the remainder of the compound. In some embodiments, the alkyl group contains from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or 1 to 2 carbon atoms. Examples of alkyl moieties include, but are not limited to, chemical groups such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, tert-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl; higher homologs such as 2-methyl-1-butyl, n-pentyl, 3-pentyl, n-hexyl, 1,2,2-trimethylpropyl and the like.

The term “alkenyl” employed alone or in combination with other terms, refers to a straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon group corresponding to an alkyl group having one or more double carbon-carbon bonds. An alkenyl group formally corresponds to an alkene with one C—H bond replaced by the point of attachment of the alkenyl group to the remainder of the compound. The term “C_(n-m) alkenyl” refers to an alkenyl group having n to m carbons. In some embodiments, the alkenyl moiety contains 2 to 6, 2 to 4, or 2 to 3 carbon atoms. Example alkenyl groups include, but are not limited to, ethenyl, n-propenyl, isopropenyl, n-butenyl, sec-butenyl and the like.

The term “alkynyl” employed alone or in combination with other terms, refers to a straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon group corresponding to an alkyl group having one or more triple carbon-carbon bonds. An alkynyl group formally corresponds to an alkyne with one C—H bond replaced by the point of attachment of the alkyl group to the remainder of the compound. The term “C_(n-m) alkynyl” refers to an alkynyl group having n to m carbons. Example alkynyl groups include, but are not limited to, ethynyl, propyn-1-yl, propyn-2-yl and the like. In some embodiments, the alkynyl moiety contains 2 to 6, 2 to 4, or 2 to 3 carbon atoms.

The term “alkylene”, employed alone or in combination with other terms, refers to a divalent alkyl linking group. An alkylene group formally corresponds to an alkane with two C—H bond replaced by points of attachment of the alkylene group to the remainder of the compound. The term “C_(n-m) alkylene” refers to an alkylene group having n to m carbon atoms. Examples of alkylene groups include, but are not limited to, ethan-1,2-diyl, propan-1,3-diyl, propan-1,2-diyl, butan-1,4-diyl, butan-1,3-diyl, butan-1,2-diyl, 2-methyl-propan-1,3-diyl and the like.

The term “alkoxy”, employed alone or in combination with other terms, refers to a group of formula —O-alkyl, wherein the alkyl group is as defined above. The term “C_(n-m) alkoxy” refers to an alkoxy group, the alkyl group of which has n to m carbons. Example alkoxy groups include methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy (e.g., n-propoxy and isopropoxy), t-butoxy and the like. In some embodiments, the alkyl group has 1 to 6, 1 to 4, or 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

The term “amino” refers to a group of formula —NH₂.

The term “carbamyl” refers to a group of formula —C(O)NH₂.

The term “carbonyl”, employed alone or in combination with other terms, refers to a —C(═O)— group, which also may be written as C(O).

The term “cyano” or “nitrile” refers to a group of formula —C≡N, which also may be written as —CN.

The terms “halo” or “halogen”, used alone or in combination with other terms, refers to fluoro, chloro, bromo and iodo. In some embodiments, “halo” refers to a halogen atom selected from F, Cl, or Br. In some embodiments, halo groups are F.

The term “haloalkyl” as used herein refers to an alkyl group in which one or more of the hydrogen atoms has been replaced by a halogen atom. The term “C_(n-m) haloalkyl” refers to a C_(n-m) alkyl group having n to m carbon atoms and from at least one up to {2(n to m)+1} halogen atoms, which may either be the same or different. In some embodiments, the halogen atoms are fluoro atoms. In some embodiments, the haloalkyl group has 1 to 6 or 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Example haloalkyl groups include CF₃, C₂F₅, CHF₂, CCl₃, CHCl₂, C₂Cl₅ and the like. In some embodiments, the haloalkyl group is a fluoroalkyl group.

The term “haloalkoxy”, employed alone or in combination with other terms, refers to a group of formula —O-haloalkyl, wherein the haloalkyl group is as defined above. The term “C_(n-m) haloalkoxy” refers to a haloalkoxy group, the haloalkyl group of which has n to m carbons. Example haloalkoxy groups include trifluoromethoxy and the like. In some embodiments, the haloalkoxy group has 1 to 6, 1 to 4, or 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

The term “oxo” refers to an oxygen atom as a divalent substituent, forming a carbonyl group when attached to carbon, or attached to a heteroatom forming a sulfoxide or sulfone group, or an N-oxide group. In some embodiments, heterocyclic groups may be optionally substituted by 1 or 2 oxo (═O) substituents.

The term “sulfido” refers to a sulfur atom as a divalent substituent, forming a thiocarbonyl group (C═S) when attached to carbon.

The term “aromatic” refers to a carbocycle or heterocycle having one or more polyunsaturated rings having aromatic character (i.e., having (4n+2) delocalized π (pi) electrons where n is an integer).

The term “aryl,” employed alone or in combination with other terms, refers to an aromatic hydrocarbon group, which may be monocyclic or polycyclic (e.g., having 2 fused rings). The term “C_(n-m) aryl” refers to an aryl group having from n to m ring carbon atoms. Aryl groups include, e.g., phenyl, naphthyl, indanyl, indenyl and the like. In some embodiments, aryl groups have from 6 to about 10 carbon atoms. In some embodiments aryl groups have 6 carbon atoms. In some embodiments aryl groups have 10 carbon atoms. In some embodiments, the aryl group is phenyl. In some embodiments, the aryl group is naphthyl.

The term “heteroatom” used herein is meant to include boron, phosphorus, sulfur, oxygen and nitrogen.

The term “heteroaryl” or “heteroaromatic,” employed alone or in combination with other terms, refers to a monocyclic or polycyclic aromatic heterocycle having at least one heteroatom ring member selected from boron, phosphorus, sulfur, oxygen and nitrogen. In some embodiments, the heteroaryl ring has 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatom ring members independently selected from nitrogen, sulfur and oxygen. In some embodiments, any ring-forming N in a heteroaryl moiety can be an N-oxide. In some embodiments, the heteroaryl has 5-14 ring atoms including carbon atoms and 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatom ring members independently selected from nitrogen, sulfur and oxygen. In some embodiments, the heteroaryl has 5-14, or 5-10 ring atoms including carbon atoms and 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatom ring members independently selected from nitrogen, sulfur and oxygen. In some embodiments, the heteroaryl has 5-6 ring atoms and 1 or 2 heteroatom ring members independently selected from nitrogen, sulfur and oxygen. In some embodiments, the heteroaryl is a five-membered or six-membered heteroaryl ring. In other embodiments, the heteroaryl is an eight-membered, nine-membered or ten-membered fused bicyclic heteroaryl ring. Example heteroaryl groups include, but are not limited to, pyridinyl (pyridyl), pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, azolyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl, imidazolyl, furanyl, thiophenyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, naphthyridinyl (including 1,2-, 1,3-, 1,4-, 1,5-, 1,6-, 1,7-, 1,8-, 2,3- and 2,6-naphthyridine), indolyl, benzothiophenyl, benzofuranyl, benzisoxazolyl, imidazo[1,2-b]thiazolyl, purinyl, and the like.

A five-membered heteroaryl ring is a heteroaryl group having five ring atoms wherein one or more (e.g., 1, 2 or 3) ring atoms are independently selected from N, O and S. Exemplary five-membered ring heteroaryls include thienyl, furyl, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, pyrazolyl, isothiazolyl, isoxazolyl, 1,2,3-triazolyl, tetrazolyl, 1,2,3-thiadiazolyl, 1,2,3-oxadiazolyl, 1,2,4-triazolyl, 1,2,4-thiadiazolyl, 1,2,4-oxadiazolyl, 1,3,4-triazolyl, 1,3,4-thiadiazolyl and 1,3,4-oxadiazolyl.

A six-membered heteroaryl ring is a heteroaryl group having six ring atoms wherein one or more (e.g., 1, 2 or 3) ring atoms are independently selected from N, O and S. Exemplary six-membered ring heteroaryls are pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, triazinyl and pyridazinyl.

The term “cycloalkyl,” employed alone or in combination with other terms, refers to a non-aromatic hydrocarbon ring system (monocyclic, bicyclic or polycyclic), including cyclized alkyl and alkenyl groups. The term “C_(n-m) cycloalkyl” refers to a cycloalkyl that has n to m ring member carbon atoms. Cycloalkyl groups can include mono- or polycyclic (e.g., having 2, 3 or 4 fused rings) groups and spirocycles. Cycloalkyl groups can have 3, 4,5,6,7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, or 14 ring-forming carbons (C₃₋₁₄). In some embodiments, the cycloalkyl group has 3 to 14 members, 3 to 10 members, 3 to 6 ring members, 3 to 5 ring members, or 3 to 4 ring members. In some embodiments, the cycloalkyl group is monocyclic. In some embodiments, the cycloalkyl group is monocyclic or bicyclic. In some embodiments, the cycloalkyl group is a C₃₋₆ monocyclic cycloalkyl group. Ring-forming carbon atoms of a cycloalkyl group can be optionally oxidized to form an oxo or sulfido group. Cycloalkyl groups also include cycloalkylidenes. In some embodiments, cycloalkyl is cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl. Also included in the definition of cycloalkyl are moieties that have one or more aromatic rings fused (i.e., having a bond in common with) to the cycloalkyl ring, e.g., benzo or thienyl derivatives of cyclopentane, cyclohexane and the like. A cycloalkyl group containing a fused aromatic ring can be attached through any ring-forming atom including a ring-forming atom of the fused aromatic ring. Examples of cycloalkyl groups include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cyclohexadienyl, cycloheptatrienyl, norbomyl, norpinyl, norcamyl, bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanyl, bicyclo[2.1.1]hexanyl, and the like. In some embodiments, the cycloalkyl group is cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl.

The term “heterocycloalkyl,” employed alone or in combination with other terms, refers to a non-aromatic ring or ring system, which may optionally contain one or more alkenylene groups as part of the ring structure, which has at least one heteroatom ring member independently selected from boron, nitrogen, sulfur oxygen and phosphorus, and which has 4-14 ring members, 4-10 ring members, 4-7 ring members, or 4-6 ring members. Included within the term “heterocycloalkyl” are monocyclic 4-, 5-, 6- and 7-membered heterocycloalkyl groups. Heterocycloalkyl groups can include mono- or bicyclic or polycyclic (e.g., having two or three fused or bridged rings) ring systems or spirorcycles. In some embodiments, the heterocycloalkyl group is a monocyclic group having 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, sulfur and oxygen. Ring-forming carbon atoms and heteroatoms of a heterocycloalkyl group can be optionally oxidized to form an oxo or sulfido group or other oxidized linkage (e.g., C(O), S(O), C(S) or S(O)₂, N-oxide etc.) or a nitrogen atom can be quaternized. The heterocycloalkyl group can be attached through a ring-forming carbon atom or a ring-forming heteroatom. In some embodiments, the heterocycloalkyl group contains 0 to 3 double bonds. In some embodiments, the heterocycloalkyl group contains 0 to 2 double bonds. Also included in the definition of heterocycloalkyl are moieties that have one or more aromatic rings fused (i.e., having a bond in common with) to the heterocycloalkyl ring, e.g., benzo or thienyl derivatives of piperidine, morpholine, azepine, etc. A heterocycloalkyl group containing a fused aromatic ring can be attached through any ring-forming atom including a ring-forming atom of the fused aromatic ring. Examples of heterocycloalkyl groups include azetidinyl, azepanyl, dihydrobenzofuranyl, dihydrofuranyl, dihydropyranyl, morpholino, 3-oxa-9-azaspiro[5.5]undecanyl, 1-oxa-8-azaspiro[4.5]decanyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, oxopiperazinyl, pyranyl, pyrrolidinyl, quinuclidinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolinyl, tropanyl, 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridinyl, and thiomorpholino.

At certain places, the definitions or embodiments refer to specific rings (e.g., an azetidine ring, a pyridine ring, etc.). Unless otherwise indicated, these rings can be attached to any ring member provided that the valency of the atom is not exceeded. For example, an azetidine ring may be attached at any position of the ring, whereas an azetidin-3-yl ring is attached at the 3-position.

The compounds described herein can be asymmetric (e.g., having one or more stereocenters). All stereoisomers, such as enantiomers and diastereomers, are intended unless otherwise indicated. Compounds of the present invention that contain asymmetrically substituted carbon atoms can be isolated in optically active or racemic forms. Methods on how to prepare optically active forms from optically inactive starting materials are known in the art, such as by resolution of racemic mixtures or by stereoselective synthesis. Many geometric isomers of olefins, C═N double bonds and the like can also be present in the compounds described herein, and all such stable isomers are contemplated in the present invention. Cis and trans geometric isomers of the compounds of the present invention are described and may be isolated as a mixture of isomers or as separated isomeric forms.

Resolution of racemic mixtures of compounds can be carried out by any of numerous methods known in the art. One method includes fractional recrystallization using a chiral resolving acid which is an optically active, salt-forming organic acid. Suitable resolving agents for fractional recrystallization methods are, e.g., optically active acids, such as the D and L forms of tartaric acid, diacetyltartaric acid, dibenzoyltartaric acid, mandelic acid, malic acid, lactic acid or the various optically active camphorsulfonic acids such as β-camphorsulfonic acid. Other resolving agents suitable for fractional crystallization methods include stereoisomerically pure forms of α-methylbenzylamine (e.g., S and R forms, or diastereomerically pure forms), 2-phenylglycinol, norephedrine, ephedrine, N-methylephedrine, cyclohexylethylamine, 1,2-diaminocyclohexane and the like.

Resolution of racemic mixtures can also be carried out by elution on a column packed with an optically active resolving agent (e.g., dinitrobenzoylphenylglycine). Suitable elution solvent composition can be determined by one skilled in the art.

In some embodiments, the compounds of the invention have the (R)-configuration. In other embodiments, the compounds have the (S)-configuration. In compounds with more than one chiral centers, each of the chiral centers in the compound may be independently (R) or (S), unless otherwise indicated.

Compounds of the invention also include tautomeric forms. Tautomeric forms result from the swapping of a single bond with an adjacent double bond together with the concomitant migration of a proton. Tautomeric forms include prototropic tautomers which are isomeric protonation states having the same empirical formula and total charge. Example prototropic tautomers include ketone—enol pairs, amide—imidic acid pairs, lactam—lactim pairs, enamine-imine pairs, and annular forms where a proton can occupy two or more positions of a heterocyclic system, e.g., 1H- and 3H-imidazole, 1H-, 2H- and 4H-1,2,4-triazole, 1H- and 2H-isoindole and 1H- and 2H-pyrazole. Tautomeric forms can be in equilibrium or sterically locked into one form by appropriate substitution.

Compounds of the invention can also include all isotopes of atoms occurring in the intermediates or final compounds. Isotopes include those atoms having the same atomic number but different mass numbers. For example, isotopes of hydrogen include tritium and deuterium. One or more constituent atoms of the compounds of the invention can be replaced or substituted with isotopes of the atoms in natural or non-natural abundance. In some embodiments, the compound includes at least one deuterium atom. For example, one or more hydrogen atoms in a compound of the present disclosure can be replaced or substituted by deuterium. In some embodiments, the compound includes two or more deuterium atoms. In some embodiments, the compound includes 1, 2, 3, 4,5,6,7, 8, 9, 10, 11 or 12 deuterium atoms. Synthetic methods for including isotopes into organic compounds are known in the art.

The term, “compound,” as used herein is meant to include all stereoisomers, geometric isomers, tautomers and isotopes of the structures depicted. The term is also meant to refer to compounds of the inventions, regardless of how they are prepared, e.g., synthetically, through biological process (e.g., metabolism or enzyme conversion), or a combination thereof.

All compounds, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, can be found together with other substances such as water and solvents (e.g., hydrates and solvates) or can be isolated. When in the solid state, the compounds described herein and salts thereof may occur in various forms and may, e.g., take the form of solvates, including hydrates. The compounds may be in any solid state form, such as a polymorph or solvate, so unless clearly indicated otherwise, reference in the specification to compounds and salts thereof should be understood as encompassing any solid state form of the compound.

In some embodiments, the compounds of the invention, or salts thereof, are substantially isolated. By “substantially isolated” is meant that the compound is at least partially or substantially separated from the environment in which it was formed or detected. Partial separation can include, e.g., a composition enriched in the compounds of the invention. Substantial separation can include compositions containing at least about 50%, at least about 60%, at least about 70%, at least about 80%, at least about 90%, at least about 95%, at least about 97%, or at least about 99% by weight of the compounds of the invention, or salt thereof.

The phrase “pharmaceutically acceptable” is employed herein to refer to those compounds, materials, compositions and/or dosage forms which are, within the scope of sound medical judgment, suitable for use in contact with the tissues of human beings and animals without excessive toxicity, irritation, allergic response, or other problem or complication, commensurate with a reasonable benefit/risk ratio.

The expressions, “ambient temperature” and “room temperature,” as used herein, are understood in the art, and refer generally to a temperature, e.g., a reaction temperature, that is about the temperature of the room in which the reaction is carried out, e.g., a temperature from about 20° C. to about 30° C.

The present invention also includes pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds described herein. The term “pharmaceutically acceptable salts” refers to derivatives of the disclosed compounds wherein the parent compound is modified by converting an existing acid or base moiety to its salt form. Examples of pharmaceutically acceptable salts include, but are not limited to, mineral or organic acid salts of basic residues such as amines; alkali or organic salts of acidic residues such as carboxylic acids; and the like. The pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the present invention include the non-toxic salts of the parent compound formed, e.g., from non-toxic inorganic or organic acids. The pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the present invention can be synthesized from the parent compound which contains a basic or acidic moiety by conventional chemical methods. Generally, such salts can be prepared by reacting the free acid or base forms of these compounds with a stoichiometric amount of the appropriate base or acid in water or in an organic solvent, or in a mixture of the two; generally, non-aqueous media like ether, ethyl acetate, alcohols (e.g., methanol, ethanol, iso-propanol or butanol) or acetonitrile (MeCN) are preferred. Lists of suitable salts are found in Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, 17^(th) Ed., (Mack Publishing Company, Easton, 1985), p. 1418, Berge et al., J. Pharm. Sci., 1977, 66(1), 1-19 and in Stahl et al., Handbook of Pharmaceutical Salts: Properties, Selection, and Use, (Wiley, 2002). In some embodiments, the compounds described herein include the N-oxide forms.

II. Synthesis

Compounds of the invention, including salts thereof, can be prepared using known organic synthesis techniques and can be synthesized according to any of numerous possible synthetic routes, such as those in the Schemes below.

The reactions for preparing compounds of the invention can be carried out in suitable solvents which can be readily selected by one of skill in the art of organic synthesis. Suitable solvents can be substantially non-reactive with the starting materials (reactants), the intermediates or products at the temperatures at which the reactions are carried out, e.g., temperatures which can range from the solvent's freezing temperature to the solvent's boiling temperature. A given reaction can be carried out in one solvent or a mixture of more than one solvent. Depending on the particular reaction step, suitable solvents for a particular reaction step can be selected by the skilled artisan.

Preparation of compounds of the invention can involve the protection and deprotection of various chemical groups. The need for protection and deprotection, and the selection of appropriate protecting groups, can be readily determined by one skilled in the art. The chemistry of protecting groups is described, e.g., in Kocienski, Protecting Groups, (Thieme, 2007); Robertson, Protecting Group Chemistry, (Oxford University Press, 2000); Smith et al., March's Advanced Organic Chemistry: Reactions, Mechanisms, and Structure, 6^(th) Ed. (Wiley, 2007); Peturssion et al., “Protecting Groups in Carbohydrate Chemistry,” J. Chem. Educ., 1997, 74(11), 1297; and Wuts et al., Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis, 4th Ed., (Wiley, 2006).

Reactions can be monitored according to any suitable method known in the art. For example, product formation can be monitored by spectroscopic means, such as nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (e.g., ¹H or ¹³C), infrared spectroscopy, spectrophotometry (e.g., UV-visible), mass spectrometry or by chromatographic methods such as high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or thin layer chromatography (TLC).

The Schemes below provide general guidance in connection with preparing the compounds of the invention. One skilled in the art would understand that the preparations shown in the Schemes can be modified or optimized using general knowledge of organic chemistry to prepare various compounds of the invention.

Compounds of formula (I) can be prepared, e.g., using a process as illustrated in Schemes 1-4.

The compounds of Formula 1-3 can be prepared according to Scheme 1. Aryl bromides 1-1 can react with boronates 1-2 under standard Suzuki coupling condition (e.g., in the presence of a palladium catalyst and a suitable base) to give the benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl substituted biaryl compounds 1-3.

The benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl substituted biaryl compounds of Formula 2-3 can be prepared according to Scheme 2, starting from compounds of formula 2-1 or 2-2 which can be prepared according to procedures as described in Scheme 1. Briefly, the benzylic alcohols 2-1 can be transformed to the corresponding aldehydes 2-3 by oxidation (e.g., Dess-Martin periodinane as oxidant). The vinyl group in compounds 2-2 can be oxidatively cleaved by NaIO₄ in the presence of catalytic amount of OsO₄ or its equivalents to form aldehydes 2-3. Then the aldehydes 2-3 react with amines of formula HNR¹⁰R¹¹ under standard reductive amination conditions (e.g., sodium triacetoxyborohydride or sodium cyanoborohydride as reducing reagents) to generate compounds of formula 2-4.

The benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl substituted biaryl compounds of Formula 3-2 can be prepared according to Scheme 3, starting from aldehydes of formula 3-1. Briefly, Aldehydes 3-1 react with amines of formula HNR^(c)R^(c) under standard reductive amination conditions (e.g., sodium triacetoxyborohydride or sodium cyanoborohydride as reducing reagents) to generate compounds of formula 3-2.

The benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl substituted aryl boronates of Formula 4-6 can be prepared according to Scheme 4, starting from phenols of formula 4-1. Briefly, Phenols 4-1 can be nitrated to nitro compounds 4-2 under standard nitration condition (e.g., nitric acid as nitrating reagent in the presence of acetic acid). The nitro compounds are reduced to anilines 4-3 either through Pd/C catalyzed hydrogenation or by iron powder in acetic acid. The anilines 4-3 condense with aldehydes 4-4 in absolute ethanol to afford dihydrobenzo[d]oxazole intermediates, which can be oxidized by dichlorodicyanoquinone to form benzo[d]oxazoles 4-5. The bromo group of benzo[d]oxazoles 4-5 can be converted to the boronic esters 4-6 under standard conditions [e.g., in the presence of bis(pinacolato)diboron and a palladium catalyst, such as, tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0), palladium(II) acetate].

III. Uses of the Compounds

Compounds of the present disclosure can inhibit the activity of PD-1/PD-L1 protein/protein interaction and, thus, are useful in treating diseases and disorders associated with activity of PD-1 and the diseases and disorders associated with PD-L1 including its interaction with other proteins such as PD-1 and B7-1 (CD80). In certain embodiments, the compounds of the present disclosure, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or stereoisomers thereof, are useful for therapeutic administration to enhance, stimulate and/or increase immunity in cancer, chronic infection or sepsis, including enhancement of response to vaccination. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a method for inhibiting the PD-1/PD-L1 protein/protein interaction. The method includes administering to an individual or a patient a compound of Formula (I) or of any of the formulas as described herein, or of a compound as recited in any of the claims and described herein, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof. The compounds of the present disclosure can be used alone, in combination with other agents or therapies or as an adjuvant or neoadjuvant for the treatment of diseases or disorders, including cancer or infection diseases. For the uses described herein, any of the compounds of the disclosure, including any of the embodiments thereof, may be used.

The compounds of the present disclosure inhibit the PD-1/PD-L1 protein/protein interaction, resulting in a PD-1 pathway blockade. The blockade of PD-1 can enhance the immune response to cancerous cells and infectious diseases in mammals, including humans. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides treatment of an individual or a patient in vivo using a compound of Formula (I) or a salt or stereoisomer thereof such that growth of cancerous tumors is inhibited. A compound of Formula (I) or of any of the formulas as described herein, or a compound as recited in any of the claims and described herein, or a salt or stereoisomer thereof, can be used to inhibit the growth of cancerous tumors. Alternatively, a compound of Formula (I) or of any of the formulas as described herein, or a compound as recited in any of the claims and described herein, or a salt or stereoisomer thereof, can be used in conjunction with other agents or standard cancer treatments, as described below. In one embodiment, the present disclosure provides a method for inhibiting growth of tumor cells in vitro. The method includes contacting the tumor cells in vitro with a compound of Formula (I) or of any of the formulas as described herein, or of a compound as recited in any of the claims and described herein, or of a salt or stereoisomer thereof. In another embodiment, the present disclosure provides a method for inhibiting growth of tumor cells in an individual or a patient. The method includes administering to the individual or patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula (I) or of any of the formulas as described herein, or of a compound as recited in any of the claims and described herein, or a salt or a stereoisomer thereof.

In some embodiments, provided herein is a method for treating cancer. The method includes administering to a patient in need thereof, a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula (I) or any of the formulas as described herein, a compound as recited in any of the claims and described herein, or a salt thereof. Examples of cancers include those whose growth may be inhibited using compounds of the disclosure and cancers typically responsive to immunotherapy.

In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a method of enhancing, stimulating and/or increasing the immune response in a patient. The method includes administering to the patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula (I) or any of the formulas as described herein, a compound or composition as recited in any of the claims and described herein, or a salt thereof.

Examples of cancers that are treatable using the compounds of the present disclosure include, but are not limited to, bone cancer, pancreatic cancer, skin cancer, cancer of the head or neck, cutaneous or intraocular malignant melanoma, uterine cancer, ovarian cancer, rectal cancer, cancer of the anal region, stomach cancer, testicular cancer, uterine cancer, carcinoma of the fallopian tubes, carcinoma of the endometrium, endometrial cancer, carcinoma of the cervix, carcinoma of the vagina, carcinoma of the vulva, Hodgkin's Disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, cancer of the esophagus, cancer of the small intestine, cancer of the endocrine system, cancer of the thyroid gland, cancer of the parathyroid gland, cancer of the adrenal gland, sarcoma of soft tissue, cancer of the urethra, cancer of the penis, chronic or acute leukemias including acute myeloid leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, solid tumors of childhood, lymphocytic lymphoma, cancer of the bladder, cancer of the kidney or urethra, carcinoma of the renal pelvis, neoplasm of the central nervous system (CNS), primary CNS lymphoma, tumor angiogenesis, spinal axis tumor, brain stem glioma, pituitary adenoma, Kaposi's sarcoma, epidermoid cancer, squamous cell cancer, T-cell lymphoma, environmentally induced cancers including those induced by asbestos, and combinations of said cancers. The compounds of the present disclosure are also useful for the treatment of metastatic cancers, especially metastatic cancers that express PD-L1.

In some embodiments, cancers treatable with compounds of the present disclosure include melanoma (e.g., metastatic malignant melanoma), renal cancer (e.g. clear cell carcinoma), prostate cancer (e.g. hormone refractory prostate adenocarcinoma), breast cancer, colon cancer, lung cancer (e.g. non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer), squamous cell head and neck cancer, urothelial cancer (e.g. bladder) and cancers with high microsatellite instability (MSI^(high)). Additionally, the disclosure includes refractory or recurrent malignancies whose growth may be inhibited using the compounds of the disclosure.

In some embodiments, cancers that are treatable using the compounds of the present disclosure include, but are not limited to, solid tumors (e.g., prostate cancer, colon cancer, esophageal cancer, endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer, uterine cancer, renal cancer, hepatic cancer, pancreatic cancer, gastric cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, cancers of the head and neck, thyroid cancer, glioblastoma, sarcoma, bladder cancer, etc.), hematological cancers (e.g., lymphoma, leukemia such as acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), DLBCL, mantle cell lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (including relapsed or refractory NHL and recurrent follicular), Hodgkin lymphoma or multiple myeloma) and combinations of said cancers.

In some embodiments, cancers that are treatable using the compounds of the present disclosure include, but are not limited to, cholangiocarcinoma, bile duct cancer, triple negative breast cancer, rhabdomyosarcoma, small cell lung cancer, leiomyosarcoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, Ewing's sarcoma, brain cancer, brain tumor, astrocytoma, neuroblastoma, neurofibroma, basal cell carcinoma, chondrosarcoma, epithelioid sarcoma, eye cancer, Fallopian tube cancer, gastrointestinal cancer, gastrointestinal stromal tumors, hairy cell leukemia, intestinal cancer, islet cell cancer, oral cancer, mouth cancer, throat cancer, laryngeal cancer, lip cancer, mesothelioma, neck cancer, nasal cavity cancer, ocular cancer, ocular melanoma, pelvic cancer, rectal cancer, renal cell carcinoma, salivary gland cancer, sinus cancer, spinal cancer, tongue cancer, tubular carcinoma, urethral cancer, and ureteral cancer.

In some embodiments, the compounds of the present disclosure can be used to treat sickle cell disease and sickle cell anemia.

In some embodiments, diseases and indications that are treatable using the compounds of the present disclosure include, but are not limited to hematological cancers, sarcomas, lung cancers, gastrointestinal cancers, genitourinary tract cancers, liver cancers, bone cancers, nervous system cancers, gynecological cancers, and skin cancers.

Exemplary hematological cancers include lymphomas and leukemias such as acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), mantle cell lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (including relapsed or refractory NHL and recurrent follicular), Hodgkin lymphoma, myeloproliferative diseases (e.g., primary myelofibrosis (PMF), polycythemia vera (PV), and essential thrombocytosis (ET)), myelodysplasia syndrome (MDS), T-cell acute lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-ALL) and multiple myeloma (MM).

Exemplary sarcomas include chondrosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma, osteosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, angiosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, liposarcoma, myxoma, rhabdomyoma, rhabdosarcoma, fibroma, lipoma, harmatoma, and teratoma.

Exemplary lung cancers include non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), small cell lung cancer, bronchogenic carcinoma (squamous cell, undifferentiated small cell, undifferentiated large cell, adenocarcinoma), alveolar (bronchiolar) carcinoma, bronchial adenoma, chondromatous hamartoma, and mesothelioma.

Exemplary gastrointestinal cancers include cancers of the esophagus (squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, leiomyosarcoma, lymphoma), stomach (carcinoma, lymphoma, leiomyosarcoma), pancreas (ductal adenocarcinoma, insulinoma, glucagonoma, gastrinoma, carcinoid tumors, vipoma), small bowel (adenocarcinoma, lymphoma, carcinoid tumors, Kaposi's sarcoma, leiomyoma, hemangioma, lipoma, neurofibroma, fibroma), large bowel (adenocarcinoma, tubular adenoma, villous adenoma, hamartoma, leiomyoma), and colorectal cancer.

Exemplary genitourinary tract cancers include cancers of the kidney (adenocarcinoma, Wilm's tumor [nephroblastoma]), bladder and urethra (squamous cell carcinoma, transitional cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma), prostate (adenocarcinoma, sarcoma), and testis (seminoma, teratoma, embryonal carcinoma, teratocarcinoma, choriocarcinoma, sarcoma, interstitial cell carcinoma, fibroma, fibroadenoma, adenomatoid tumors, lipoma).

Exemplary liver cancers include hepatoma (hepatocellular carcinoma), cholangiocarcinoma, hepatoblastoma, angiosarcoma, hepatocellular adenoma, and hemangioma.

Exemplary bone cancers include, for example, osteogenic sarcoma (osteosarcoma), fibrosarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, chondrosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma, malignant lymphoma (reticulum cell sarcoma), multiple myeloma, malignant giant cell tumor chordoma, osteochronfroma (osteocartilaginous exostoses), benign chondroma, chondroblastoma, chondromyxofibroma, osteoid osteoma, and giant cell tumors

Exemplary nervous system cancers include cancers of the skull (osteoma, hemangioma, granuloma, xanthoma, osteitis deformans), meninges (meningioma, meningiosarcoma, gliomatosis), brain (astrocytoma, meduoblastoma, glioma, ependymoma, germinoma (pinealoma), glioblastoma, glioblastoma multiform, oligodendroglioma, schwannoma, retinoblastoma, congenital tumors), and spinal cord (neurofibroma, meningioma, glioma, sarcoma), as well as neuroblastoma and Lhermitte-Duclos disease.

Exemplary gynecological cancers include cancers of the uterus (endometrial carcinoma), cervix (cervical carcinoma, pre-tumor cervical dysplasia), ovaries (ovarian carcinoma (serous cystadenocarcinoma, mucinous cystadenocarcinoma, unclassified carcinoma), granulosa-thecal cell tumors, Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors, dysgerminoma, malignant teratoma), vulva (squamous cell carcinoma, intraepithelial carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, fibrosarcoma, melanoma), vagina (clear cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, botryoid sarcoma (embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma), and fallopian tubes (carcinoma).

Exemplary skin cancers include melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, Kaposi's sarcoma, moles dysplastic nevi, lipoma, angioma, dermatofibroma, and keloids. In some embodiments, diseases and indications that are treatable using the compounds of the present disclosure include, but are not limited to, sickle cell disease (e.g., sickle cell anemia), triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), myelodysplastic syndromes, testicular cancer, bile duct cancer, esophageal cancer, and urothelial carcinoma.

PD-1 pathway blockade with compounds of the present disclosure can also be used for treating infections such as viral, bacteria, fungus and parasite infections. The present disclosure provides a method for treating infections such as viral infections. The method includes administering to a patient in need thereof, a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula (I) or any of the formulas as described herein, a compound as recited in any of the claims and described herein, a salt thereof. Examples of viruses causing infections treatable by methods of the present disclosure include, but are not limit to, human immunodeficiency virus, human papillomavirus, influenza, hepatitis A, B, C or D viruses, adenovirus, poxvirus, herpes simplex viruses, human cytomegalovirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome virus, ebola virus, and measles virus. In some embodiments, viruses causing infections treatable by methods of the present disclosure include, but are not limit to, hepatitis (A, B, or C), herpes virus (e.g., VZV, HSV-1, HAV-6, HSV-II, and CMV, Epstein Barr virus), adenovirus, influenza virus, flaviviruses, echovirus, rhinovirus, coxsackie virus, comovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, mumpsvirus, rotavirus, measles virus, rubella virus, parvovirus, vaccinia virus, HTLV virus, dengue virus, papillomavirus, molluscum virus, poliovirus, rabies virus, JC virus and arboviral encephalitis virus.

The present disclosure provides a method for treating bacterial infections. The method includes administering to a patient in need thereof, a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula (I) or any of the formulas as described herein, a compound as recited in any of the claims and described herein, or a salt thereof. Non-limiting examples of pathogenic bacteria causing infections treatable by methods of the disclosure include chlamydia, rickettsial bacteria, mycobacteria, staphylococci, streptococci, pneumonococci, meningococci and conococci, klebsiella, proteus, serratia, pseudomonas, legionella, diphtheria, salmonella, bacilli, cholera, tetanus, botulism, anthrax, plague, leptospirosis, and Lyme's disease bacteria.

The present disclosure provides a method for treating fungus infections. The method includes administering to a patient in need thereof, a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula (I) or any of the formulas as described herein, a compound as recited in any of the claims and described herein, or a salt thereof. Non-limiting examples of pathogenic fungi causing infections treatable by methods of the disclosure include Candida (albicans, krusei, glabrata, tropicalis, etc.), Cryptococcus neoformans, Aspergillus (fumigatus, niger, etc.), Genus Mucorales (mucor, absidia, rhizophus), Sporothrix schenkii, Blastomyces dermatitidis, Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, Coccidioides immitis and Histoplasma capsulatum.

The present disclosure provides a method for treating parasite infections. The method includes administering to a patient in need thereof, a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula (I) or any of the formulas as described herein, a compound as recited in any of the claims and described herein, or a salt thereof. Non-limiting examples of pathogenic parasites causing infections treatable by methods of the disclosure include Entamoeba histolytica, Balantidium coli, Naegleriafowleri, Acanthamoeba sp., Giardia lambia, Cryptosporidium sp., Pneumocystis carinii, Plasmodium vivax, Babesia microti, Trypanosoma brucei, Trypanosoma cruzi, Leishmania donovani, Toxoplasma gondi, and Nippostrongylus brasiliensis.

It is believed that compounds of Formula (I), or any of the embodiments thereof, may possess satisfactory pharmacological profile and promising biopharmaceutical properties, such as toxicological profile, metabolism and pharmacokinetic properties, solubility, and permeability. It will be understood that determination of appropriate biopharmaceutical properties is within the knowledge of a person skilled in the art, e.g., determination of cytotoxicity in cells or inhibition of certain targets or channels to determine potential toxicity.

The terms “individual” or “patient,” used interchangeably, refer to any animal, including mammals, preferably mice, rats, other rodents, rabbits, dogs, cats, swine, cattle, sheep, horses, or primates, and most preferably humans.

The phrase “therapeutically effective amount” refers to the amount of active compound or pharmaceutical agent that elicits the biological or medicinal response in a tissue, system, animal, individual or human that is being sought by a researcher, veterinarian, medical doctor or other clinician.

As used herein, the term “treating” or “treatment” refers to one or more of (1) inhibiting the disease; e.g., inhibiting a disease, condition or disorder in an individual who is experiencing or displaying the pathology or symptomatology of the disease, condition or disorder (i.e., arresting further development of the pathology and/or symptomatology); and (2) ameliorating the disease; e.g., ameliorating a disease, condition or disorder in an individual who is experiencing or displaying the pathology or symptomatology of the disease, condition or disorder (i.e., reversing the pathology and/or symptomatology) such as decreasing the severity of disease.

In some embodiments, the compounds of the invention are useful in preventing or reducing the risk of developing any of the diseases referred to herein; e.g., preventing or reducing the risk of developing a disease, condition or disorder in an individual who may be predisposed to the disease, condition or disorder but does not yet experience or display the pathology or symptomatology of the disease.

Combination Therapies

Cancer cell growth and survival can be impacted by multiple signaling pathways. Thus, it is useful to combine different enzyme/protein/receptor inhibitors, exhibiting different preferences in the targets which they modulate the activities of, to treat such conditions. Targeting more than one signaling pathway (or more than one biological molecule involved in a given signaling pathway) may reduce the likelihood of drug-resistance arising in a cell population, and/or reduce the toxicity of treatment.

The compounds of the present disclosure can be used in combination with one or more other enzyme/protein/receptor inhibitors or one or more therapies for the treatment of diseases, such as cancer or infections. Examples of diseases and indications treatable with combination therapies include those as described herein. Examples of cancers include solid tumors and liquid tumors, such as blood cancers. Examples of infections include viral infections, bacterial infections, fungus infections or parasite infections. For example, the compounds of the present disclosure can be combined with one or more inhibitors of the following kinases for the treatment of cancer: Akt1, Akt2, Akt3, TGF-βR, PKA, PKG, PKC, CaM-kinase, phosphorylase kinase, MEKK, ERK, MAPK, mTOR, EGFR, HER2, HER3, HER4, INS-R, IGF-1R, IR-R, PDGFαR, PDGFβR, PI3K (alpha, beta, gamma, delta), CSFIR, KIT, FLK-II, KDR/FLK-1, FLK-4, fit-1, FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3, FGFR4, c-Met, Ron, Sea, TRKA, TRKB, TRKC, TAM kinases (Axl, Mer, Tyro3), FLT3, VEGFR/Flt2, Flt4, EphA1, EphA2, EphA3, EphB2, EphB4, Tie2, Src, Fyn, Lck, Fgr, Btk, Fak, SYK, FRK, JAK, ABL, ALK and B-Raf. In some embodiments, the compounds of the present disclosure can be combined with one or more of the following inhibitors for the treatment of cancer or infections. Non-limiting examples of inhibitors that can be combined with the compounds of the present disclosure for treatment of cancer and infections include an FGFR inhibitor (FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 or FGFR4, e.g., INCB54828, INCB62079 and INCB63904), a JAK inhibitor (JAK1 and/or JAK2, e.g., ruxolitinib, baricitinib or INCB39110), an IDO inhibitor (e.g., epacadostat, NLG919, or BMS-986205), an LSD1 inhibitor (e.g., INCB59872 and INCB60003), a TDO inhibitor, a PI3K-delta inhibitor (e.g., INCB50797 and INCB50465), a PI3K-gamma inhibitor such as PI3K-gamma selective inhibitor, a Pim inhibitor (e.g., INCB53914), a CSF1R inhibitor, a TAM receptor tyrosine kinases (Tyro-3, Axl, and Mer), an adenosine receptor antagonist (e.g., A2a/A2b receptor antagonist), an HPK1 inhibitor, a histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDAC) such as an HDAC8 inhibitor, an angiogenesis inhibitor, an interleukin receptor inhibitor, bromo and extra terminal family members inhibitors (for example, bromodomain inhibitors or BET inhibitors such as INCB54329 and INCB57643), a poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitor such as rucaparib, olaparib, niraparib, veliparib, or talazoparib, an arginase inhibitor (INCB01158), and an adenosine receptor antagonist or combinations thereof.

The compounds of the present disclosure can further be used in combination with other methods of treating cancers, for example by chemotherapy, irradiation therapy, tumor-targeted therapy, adjuvant therapy, immunotherapy or surgery. Examples of immunotherapy include cytokine treatment (e.g., interferons, GM-CSF, G-CSF, IL-2), CRS-207 immunotherapy, cancer vaccine, monoclonal antibody, adoptive T cell transfer, Toll receptor agonists, STING agonists, oncolytic virotherapy and immunomodulating small molecules, including thalidomide or JAK1/2 inhibitor and the like. The compounds can be administered in combination with one or more anti-cancer drugs, such as a chemotherapeutics. Example chemotherapeutics include any of: abarelix, aldesleukin, alemtuzumab, alitretinoin, allopurinol, altretamine, anastrozole, arsenic trioxide, asparaginase, azacitidine, bevacizumab, bexarotene, baricitinib, bleomycin, bortezombi, bortezomib, busulfan intravenous, busulfan oral, calusterone, capecitabine, carboplatin, carmustine, cetuximab, chlorambucil, cisplatin, cladribine, clofarabine, cyclophosphamide, cytarabine, dacarbazine, dactinomycin, dalteparin sodium, dasatinib, daunorubicin, decitabine, denileukin, denileukin diftitox, dexrazoxane, docetaxel, doxorubicin, dromostanolone propionate, eculizumab, epirubicin, erlotinib, estramustine, etoposide phosphate, etoposide, exemestane, fentanyl citrate, filgrastim, floxuridine, fludarabine, fluorouracil, fulvestrant, gefitinib, gemcitabine, gemtuzumab ozogamicin, goserelin acetate, histrelin acetate, ibritumomab tiuxetan, idarubicin, ifosfamide, imatinib mesylate, interferon alfa 2a, irinotecan, lapatinib ditosylate, lenalidomide, letrozole, leucovorin, leuprolide acetate, levamisole, lomustine, meclorethamine, megestrol acetate, melphalan, mercaptopurine, methotrexate, methoxsalen, mitomycin C, mitotane, mitoxantrone, nandrolone phenpropionate, nelarabine, nofetumomab, olaparib, oxaliplatin, paclitaxel, pamidronate, panitumumab, pegaspargase, pegfilgrastim, pemetrexed disodium, pentostatin, pipobroman, plicamycin, procarbazine, quinacrine, rasburicase, rituximab, ruxolitinib, rucaparib, sorafenib, streptozocin, sunitinib, sunitinib maleate, tamoxifen, temozolomide, teniposide, testolactone, thalidomide, thioguanine, thiotepa, topotecan, toremifene, tositumomab, trastuzumab, tretinoin, uracil mustard, valrubicin, vinblastine, vincristine, vinorelbine, vorinostat, niraparib, veliparib, talazoparib and zoledronate.

Other anti-cancer agent(s) include antibody therapeutics such as trastuzumab (Herceptin), antibodies to costimulatory molecules such as CTLA-4 (e.g., ipilimumab), 4-1BB (e.g. urelumab, utomilumab), antibodies to PD-1 and PD-L1, or antibodies to cytokines (IL-10, TGF-β, etc.). Examples of antibodies to PD-1 and/or PD-L1 that can be combined with compounds of the present disclosure for the treatment of cancer or infections such as viral, bacteria, fungus and parasite infections include, but are not limited to, nivolumab, pembrolizumab, MPDL3280A, MEDI-4736 and SHR-1210.

Compounds of the present disclosure can be used in combination with one or more immune checkpoint inhibitors for the treatment of diseases, such as cancer or infections. Exemplary immune checkpoint inhibitors include inhibitors against immune checkpoint molecules such as CD27, CD28, CD40, CD122, CD96, CD73, CD47, OX40, GITR, CSF1R, JAK, PI3K delta, PI3K gamma, TAM, arginase, CD137 (also known as 4-1BB), ICOS, A2AR, B7-H3, B7-H4, BTLA, CTLA-4, LAG3, TIM3, VISTA, PD-1, PD-L1 and PD-L2. In some embodiments, the immune checkpoint molecule is a stimulatory checkpoint molecule selected from CD27, CD28, CD40, ICOS, OX40, GITR and CD137. In some embodiments, the immune checkpoint molecule is an inhibitory checkpoint molecule selected from A2AR, B7-H3, B7-H4, BTLA, CTLA-4, IDO, KIR, LAG3, PD-1, TIM3, and VISTA. In some embodiments, the compounds provided herein can be used in combination with one or more agents selected from KIR inhibitors, TIGIT inhibitors, LAIR1 inhibitors, CD160 inhibitors, 2B4 inhibitors and TGFR beta inhibitors.

In some embodiments, the inhibitor of an immune checkpoint molecule is anti-PD1 antibody, anti-PD-L1 antibody, or anti-CTLA-4 antibody.

In some embodiments, the inhibitor of an immune checkpoint molecule is an inhibitor of PD-1, e.g., an anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody. In some embodiments, the anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody is nivolumab, pembrolizumab (also known as MK-3475), pidilizumab, SHR-1210, PDR001, or AMP-224. In some embodiments, the anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody is nivolumab or pembrolizumab. In some embodiments, the anti-PD1 antibody is pembrolizumab.

In some embodiments, the inhibitor of an immune checkpoint molecule is an inhibitor of PD-L1, e.g., an anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody. In some embodiments, the anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody is BMS-935559, MEDI4736, MPDL3280A (also known as RG7446), or MSB0010718C. In some embodiments, the anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody is MPDL3280A or MEDI4736.

In some embodiments, the inhibitor of an immune checkpoint molecule is an inhibitor of CTLA-4, e.g., an anti-CTLA-4 antibody. In some embodiments, the anti-CTLA-4 antibody is ipilimumab or tremelimumab.

In some embodiments, the inhibitor of an immune checkpoint molecule is an inhibitor of LAG3, e.g., an anti-LAG3 antibody. In some embodiments, the anti-LAG3 antibody is BMS-986016, LAG525 or INCAGN2385.

In some embodiments, the inhibitor of an immune checkpoint molecule is an inhibitor of TIM3, e.g., an anti-TIM3 antibody. In some embodiments, the anti-TIM3 antibody is INCAGN2390, MBG453, or TSR-022.

In some embodiments, the inhibitor of an immune checkpoint molecule is an inhibitor of GITR, e.g., an anti-GITR antibody. In some embodiments, the anti-GITR antibody is TRX518, MK-4166, INCAGN1876, MK-1248, AMG228, BMS-986156, GWN323, or MEDI1873.

In some embodiments, the inhibitor of an immune checkpoint molecule is an inhibitor of OX40, e.g., an anti-OX40 antibody or OX40L fusion protein. In some embodiments, the anti-OX40 antibody is MEDI0562, MOXR-0916, PF-04518600, GSK3174998, or BMS-986178. In some embodiments, the OX40L fusion protein is MEDI6383.

The compounds of the present disclosure can further be used in combination with one or more anti-inflammatory agents, steroids, immunosuppressants or therapeutic antibodies.

The compounds of Formula (I) or any of the formulas as described herein, a compound as recited in any of the claims and described herein, or salts thereof can be combined with another immunogenic agent, such as cancerous cells, purified tumor antigens (including recombinant proteins, peptides, and carbohydrate molecules), cells, and cells transfected with genes encoding immune stimulating cytokines. Non-limiting examples of tumor vaccines that can be used include peptides of melanoma antigens, such as peptides of gp100, MAGE antigens, Trp-2, MARTI and/or tyrosinase, or tumor cells transfected to express the cytokine GM-CSF.

The compounds of Formula (I) or any of the formulas as described herein, a compound as recited in any of the claims and described herein, or salts thereof can be used in combination with a vaccination protocol for the treatment of cancer. In some embodiments, the tumor cells are transduced to express GM-CSF. In some embodiments, tumor vaccines include the proteins from viruses implicated in human cancers such as Human Papilloma Viruses (HPV), Hepatitis Viruses (HBV and HCV) and Kaposi's Herpes Sarcoma Virus (KHSV). In some embodiments, the compounds of the present disclosure can be used in combination with tumor specific antigen such as heat shock proteins isolated from tumor tissue itself. In some embodiments, the compounds of Formula (I) or any of the formulas as described herein, a compound as recited in any of the claims and described herein, or salts thereof can be combined with dendritic cells immunization to activate potent anti-tumor responses.

The compounds of the present disclosure can be used in combination with bispecific macrocyclic peptides that target Fe alpha or Fe gamma receptor-expressing effectors cells to tumor cells. The compounds of the present disclosure can also be combined with macrocyclic peptides that activate host immune responsiveness.

The compounds of the present disclosure can be used in combination with bone marrow transplant for the treatment of a variety of tumors of hematopoietic origin.

The compounds of Formula (I) or any of the formulas as described herein, a compound as recited in any of the claims and described herein, or salts thereof can be used in combination with vaccines, to stimulate the immune response to pathogens, toxins, and self antigens. Examples of pathogens for which this therapeutic approach may be particularly useful, include pathogens for which there is currently no effective vaccine, or pathogens for which conventional vaccines are less than completely effective. These include, but are not limited to, HIV, Hepatitis (A, B, & C), Influenza, Herpes, Giardia, Malaria, Leishmania, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas Aeruginosa.

Viruses causing infections treatable by methods of the present disclosure include, but are not limit to human papillomavirus, influenza, hepatitis A, B, C or D viruses, adenovirus, poxvirus, herpes simplex viruses, human cytomegalovirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome virus, ebola virus, measles virus, herpes virus (e.g., VZV, HSV-1, HAV-6, HSV-II, and CMV, Epstein Barr virus), flaviviruses, echovirus, rhinovirus, coxsackie virus, comovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, mumpsvirus, rotavirus, measles virus, rubella virus, parvovirus, vaccinia virus, HTLV virus, dengue virus, papillomavirus, molluscum virus, poliovirus, rabies virus, JC virus and arboviral encephalitis virus.

Pathogenic bacteria causing infections treatable by methods of the disclosure include, but are not limited to, chlamydia, rickettsial bacteria, mycobacteria, staphylococci, streptococci, pneumonococci, meningococci and conococci, klebsiella, proteus, serratia, pseudomonas, legionella, diphtheria, salmonella, bacilli, cholera, tetanus, botulism, anthrax, plague, leptospirosis, and Lyme's disease bacteria.

Pathogenic fungi causing infections treatable by methods of the disclosure include, but are not limited to, Candida (albicans, krusei, glabrata, tropicalis, etc.), Cryptococcus neoformans, Aspergillus (fumigatus, niger, etc.), Genus Mucorales (mucor, absidia, rhizophus), Sporothrix schenkii, Blastomyces dermatitidis, Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, Coccidioides immitis and Histoplasma capsulatum.

Pathogenic parasites causing infections treatable by methods of the disclosure include, but are not limited to, Entamoeba histolytica, Balantidium coli, Naegleriafowleri, Acanthamoeba sp., Giardia lambia, Cryptosporidium sp., Pneumocystis carinii, Plasmodium vivax, Babesia microti, Trypanosoma brucei, Trypanosoma cruzi, Leishmania donovani, Toxoplasma gondi, and Nippostrongylus brasiliensis.

When more than one pharmaceutical agent is administered to a patient, they can be administered simultaneously, separately, sequentially, or in combination (e.g., for more than two agents).

IV. Formulation, Dosage Forms and Administration

When employed as pharmaceuticals, the compounds of the present disclosure can be administered in the form of pharmaceutical compositions. Thus the present disclosure provides a composition comprising a compound of Formula (I) or any of the formulas as described herein, a compound as recited in any of the claims and described herein, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or any of the embodiments thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient. These compositions can be prepared in a manner well known in the pharmaceutical art, and can be administered by a variety of routes, depending upon whether local or systemic treatment is indicated and upon the area to be treated. Administration may be topical (including transdermal, epidermal, ophthalmic and to mucous membranes including intranasal, vaginal and rectal delivery), pulmonary (e.g., by inhalation or insufflation of powders or aerosols, including by nebulizer; intratracheal or intranasal), oral or parenteral. Parenteral administration includes intravenous, intraarterial, subcutaneous, intraperitoneal intramuscular or injection or infusion; or intracranial, e.g., intrathecal or intraventricular, administration. Parenteral administration can be in the form of a single bolus dose, or may be, e.g., by a continuous perfusion pump. Pharmaceutical compositions and formulations for topical administration may include transdermal patches, ointments, lotions, creams, gels, drops, suppositories, sprays, liquids and powders. Conventional pharmaceutical carriers, aqueous, powder or oily bases, thickeners and the like may be necessary or desirable.

This invention also includes pharmaceutical compositions which contain, as the active ingredient, the compound of the present disclosure or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in combination with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers or excipients. In some embodiments, the composition is suitable for topical administration. In making the compositions of the invention, the active ingredient is typically mixed with an excipient, diluted by an excipient or enclosed within such a carrier in the form of, e.g., a capsule, sachet, paper, or other container. When the excipient serves as a diluent, it can be a solid, semi-solid, or liquid material, which acts as a vehicle, carrier or medium for the active ingredient. Thus, the compositions can be in the form of tablets, pills, powders, lozenges, sachets, cachets, elixirs, suspensions, emulsions, solutions, syrups, aerosols (as a solid or in a liquid medium), ointments containing, e.g., up to 10% by weight of the active compound, soft and hard gelatin capsules, suppositories, sterile injectable solutions and sterile packaged powders.

In preparing a formulation, the active compound can be milled to provide the appropriate particle size prior to combining with the other ingredients. If the active compound is substantially insoluble, it can be milled to a particle size of less than 200 mesh. If the active compound is substantially water soluble, the particle size can be adjusted by milling to provide a substantially uniform distribution in the formulation, e.g., about 40 mesh.

The compounds of the invention may be milled using known milling procedures such as wet milling to obtain a particle size appropriate for tablet formation and for other formulation types. Finely divided (nanoparticulate) preparations of the compounds of the invention can be prepared by processes known in the art see, e.g., WO 2002/000196.

Some examples of suitable excipients include lactose, dextrose, sucrose, sorbitol, mannitol, starches, gum acacia, calcium phosphate, alginates, tragacanth, gelatin, calcium silicate, microcrystalline cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, cellulose, water, syrup and methyl cellulose. The formulations can additionally include: lubricating agents such as talc, magnesium stearate and mineral oil; wetting agents; emulsifying and suspending agents; preserving agents such as methyl- and propylhydroxy-benzoates; sweetening agents; and flavoring agents. The compositions of the invention can be formulated so as to provide quick, sustained or delayed release of the active ingredient after administration to the patient by employing procedures known in the art.

In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition comprises silicified microcrystalline cellulose (SMCC) and at least one compound described herein, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some embodiments, the silicified microcrystalline cellulose comprises about 98% microcrystalline cellulose and about 2% silicon dioxide w/w.

In some embodiments, the composition is a sustained release composition comprising at least one compound described herein, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient. In some embodiments, the composition comprises at least one compound described herein, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one component selected from microcrystalline cellulose, lactose monohydrate, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and polyethylene oxide. In some embodiments, the composition comprises at least one compound described herein, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and microcrystalline cellulose, lactose monohydrate and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose. In some embodiments, the composition comprises at least one compound described herein, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and microcrystalline cellulose, lactose monohydrate and polyethylene oxide. In some embodiments, the composition further comprises magnesium stearate or silicon dioxide. In some embodiments, the microcrystalline cellulose is Avicel PH102™. In some embodiments, the lactose monohydrate is Fast-flo 316™. In some embodiments, the hydroxypropyl methylcellulose is hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2208 K4M (e.g., Methocel K4 M Premier™) and/or hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2208 K100LV (e.g., Methocel KOOLV™). In some embodiments, the polyethylene oxide is polyethylene oxide WSR 1105 (e.g., Polyox WSR 1105™).

In some embodiments, a wet granulation process is used to produce the composition. In some embodiments, a dry granulation process is used to produce the composition.

The compositions can be formulated in a unit dosage form, each dosage containing from about 5 to about 1,000 mg (1 g), more usually about 100 mg to about 500 mg, of the active ingredient. In some embodiments, each dosage contains about 10 mg of the active ingredient. In some embodiments, each dosage contains about 50 mg of the active ingredient. In some embodiments, each dosage contains about 25 mg of the active ingredient. The term “unit dosage forms” refers to physically discrete units suitable as unitary dosages for human subjects and other mammals, each unit containing a predetermined quantity of active material calculated to produce the desired therapeutic effect, in association with a suitable pharmaceutical excipient.

The components used to formulate the pharmaceutical compositions are of high purity and are substantially free of potentially harmful contaminants (e.g., at least National Food grade, generally at least analytical grade, and more typically at least pharmaceutical grade). Particularly for human consumption, the composition is preferably manufactured or formulated under Good Manufacturing Practice standards as defined in the applicable regulations of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. For example, suitable formulations may be sterile and/or substantially isotonic and/or in full compliance with all Good Manufacturing Practice regulations of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.

The active compound may be effective over a wide dosage range and is generally administered in a therapeutically effective amount. It will be understood, however, that the amount of the compound actually administered will usually be determined by a physician, according to the relevant circumstances, including the condition to be treated, the chosen route of administration, the actual compound administered, the age, weight, and response of the individual patient, the severity of the patient's symptoms and the like.

The therapeutic dosage of a compound of the present invention can vary according to, e.g., the particular use for which the treatment is made, the manner of administration of the compound, the health and condition of the patient, and the judgment of the prescribing physician. The proportion or concentration of a compound of the invention in a pharmaceutical composition can vary depending upon a number of factors including dosage, chemical characteristics (e.g., hydrophobicity), and the route of administration. For example, the compounds of the invention can be provided in an aqueous physiological buffer solution containing about 0.1 to about 10% w/v of the compound for parenteral administration. Some typical dose ranges are from about 1 μg/kg to about 1 g/kg of body weight per day. In some embodiments, the dose range is from about 0.01 mg/kg to about 100 mg/kg of body weight per day. The dosage is likely to depend on such variables as the type and extent of progression of the disease or disorder, the overall health status of the particular patient, the relative biological efficacy of the compound selected, formulation of the excipient, and its route of administration. Effective doses can be extrapolated from dose-response curves derived from in vitro or animal model test systems.

For preparing solid compositions such as tablets, the principal active ingredient is mixed with a pharmaceutical excipient to form a solid preformulation composition containing a homogeneous mixture of a compound of the present invention. When referring to these preformulation compositions as homogeneous, the active ingredient is typically dispersed evenly throughout the composition so that the composition can be readily subdivided into equally effective unit dosage forms such as tablets, pills and capsules. This solid preformulation is then subdivided into unit dosage forms of the type described above containing from, e.g., about 0.1 to about 1000 mg of the active ingredient of the present invention.

The tablets or pills of the present invention can be coated or otherwise compounded to provide a dosage form affording the advantage of prolonged action. For example, the tablet or pill can comprise an inner dosage and an outer dosage component, the latter being in the form of an envelope over the former. The two components can be separated by an enteric layer which serves to resist disintegration in the stomach and permit the inner component to pass intact into the duodenum or to be delayed in release. A variety of materials can be used for such enteric layers or coatings, such materials including a number of polymeric acids and mixtures of polymeric acids with such materials as shellac, cetyl alcohol and cellulose acetate.

The liquid forms in which the compounds and compositions of the present invention can be incorporated for administration orally or by injection include aqueous solutions, suitably flavored syrups, aqueous or oil suspensions, and flavored emulsions with edible oils such as cottonseed oil, sesame oil, coconut oil, or peanut oil, as well as elixirs and similar pharmaceutical vehicles.

Compositions for inhalation or insufflation include solutions and suspensions in pharmaceutically acceptable, aqueous or organic solvents, or mixtures thereof, and powders. The liquid or solid compositions may contain suitable pharmaceutically acceptable excipients as described supra. In some embodiments, the compositions are administered by the oral or nasal respiratory route for local or systemic effect. Compositions can be nebulized by use of inert gases. Nebulized solutions may be breathed directly from the nebulizing device or the nebulizing device can be attached to a face mask, tent, or intermittent positive pressure breathing machine. Solution, suspension, or powder compositions can be administered orally or nasally from devices which deliver the formulation in an appropriate manner.

Topical formulations can contain one or more conventional carriers. In some embodiments, ointments can contain water and one or more hydrophobic carriers selected from, e.g., liquid paraffin, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, propylene glycol, white Vaseline, and the like. Carrier compositions of creams can be based on water in combination with glycerol and one or more other components, e.g., glycerinemonostearate, PEG-glycerinemonostearate and cetylstearyl alcohol. Gels can be formulated using isopropyl alcohol and water, suitably in combination with other components such as, e.g., glycerol, hydroxyethyl cellulose, and the like. In some embodiments, topical formulations contain at least about 0.1, at least about 0.25, at least about 0.5, at least about 1, at least about 2 or at least about 5 wt % of the compound of the invention. The topical formulations can be suitably packaged in tubes of, e.g., 100 g which are optionally associated with instructions for the treatment of the select indication, e.g., psoriasis or other skin condition.

The amount of compound or composition administered to a patient will vary depending upon what is being administered, the purpose of the administration, such as prophylaxis or therapy, the state of the patient, the manner of administration and the like. In therapeutic applications, compositions can be administered to a patient already suffering from a disease in an amount sufficient to cure or at least partially arrest the symptoms of the disease and its complications. Effective doses will depend on the disease condition being treated as well as by the judgment of the attending clinician depending upon factors such as the severity of the disease, the age, weight and general condition of the patient and the like.

The compositions administered to a patient can be in the form of pharmaceutical compositions described above. These compositions can be sterilized by conventional sterilization techniques, or may be sterile filtered. Aqueous solutions can be packaged for use as is, or lyophilized, the lyophilized preparation being combined with a sterile aqueous carrier prior to administration. The pH of the compound preparations typically will be between 3 and 11, more preferably from 5 to 9 and most preferably from 7 to 8. It will be understood that use of certain of the foregoing excipients, carriers or stabilizers will result in the formation of pharmaceutical salts.

The therapeutic dosage of a compound of the present invention can vary according to, e.g., the particular use for which the treatment is made, the manner of administration of the compound, the health and condition of the patient, and the judgment of the prescribing physician. The proportion or concentration of a compound of the invention in a pharmaceutical composition can vary depending upon a number of factors including dosage, chemical characteristics (e.g., hydrophobicity), and the route of administration. For example, the compounds of the invention can be provided in an aqueous physiological buffer solution containing about 0.1 to about 10% w/v of the compound for parenteral administration. Some typical dose ranges are from about 1 μg/kg to about 1 g/kg of body weight per day. In some embodiments, the dose range is from about 0.01 mg/kg to about 100 mg/kg of body weight per day. The dosage is likely to depend on such variables as the type and extent of progression of the disease or disorder, the overall health status of the particular patient, the relative biological efficacy of the compound selected, formulation of the excipient, and its route of administration. Effective doses can be extrapolated from dose-response curves derived from in vitro or animal model test systems.

V. Labeled Compounds and Assay Methods

The compounds of the present disclosure can further be useful in investigations of biological processes in normal and abnormal tissues. Thus, another aspect of the present invention relates to labeled compounds of the invention (radio-labeled, fluorescent-labeled, etc.) that would be useful not only in imaging techniques but also in assays, both in vitro and in vivo, for localizing and quantitating PD-1 or PD-L1 protein in tissue samples, including human, and for identifying PD-L1 ligands by inhibition binding of a labeled compound. Accordingly, the present invention includes PD-1/PD-L1 binding assays that contain such labeled compounds.

The present invention further includes isotopically-substituted compounds of the disclosure. An “isotopically-substituted” compound is a compound of the invention where one or more atoms are replaced or substituted by an atom having the same atomic number but a different atomic mass or mass number, e.g., a different atomic mass or mass number from the atomic mass or mass number typically found in nature (i.e., naturally occurring). It is to be understood that a “radio-labeled” compound is a compound that has incorporated at least one isotope that is radioactive (e.g., radionuclide). Suitable radionuclides that may be incorporated in compounds of the present invention include but are not limited to ³H (also written as T for tritium), ¹¹C, ¹³C, ¹⁴C, ¹³N, ¹⁵N, ¹⁵O, ¹⁷O, ¹⁸O, ¹⁸F, ³⁵S, ³⁶Cl, ⁸²Br, ⁷⁵Br, ⁷⁶Br, ⁷⁷Br, ¹²³I, ¹²⁴I, ¹²⁵I and ¹³¹I. The radionuclide that is incorporated in the instant radio-labeled compounds will depend on the specific application of that radio-labeled compound. For example, for in vitro PD-L1 protein labeling and competition assays, compounds that incorporate ³H, ¹⁴C, ⁸²Br, ¹²⁵I, ¹³¹I, ³⁵S or will generally be most useful. For radio-imaging applications ¹¹C, ¹⁸F, ¹²⁵, ¹²³I, ¹²⁴I, ¹³¹I, ⁷⁵Br, ⁷⁶Br or ⁷⁷Br will generally be most useful.

In some embodiments the radionuclide is selected from the group consisting of ³H, ¹⁴C, ¹²⁵I, ³⁵S and ⁸²Br. Synthetic methods for incorporating radio-isotopes into organic compounds are known in the art.

Specifically, a labeled compound of the invention can be used in a screening assay to identify and/or evaluate compounds. For example, a newly synthesized or identified compound (i.e., test compound) which is labeled can be evaluated for its ability to bind a PD-L1 protein by monitoring its concentration variation when contacting with the PD-L1 protein, through tracking of the labeling. For example, a test compound (labeled) can be evaluated for its ability to reduce binding of another compound which is known to bind to a PD-L1 protein (i.e., standard compound). Accordingly, the ability of a test compound to compete with the standard compound for binding to the PD-L1 protein directly correlates to its binding affinity. Conversely, in some other screening assays, the standard compound is labeled and test compounds are unlabeled. Accordingly, the concentration of the labeled standard compound is monitored in order to evaluate the competition between the standard compound and the test compound, and the relative binding affinity of the test compound is thus ascertained.

VI. Kits

The present disclosure also includes pharmaceutical kits useful, e.g., in the treatment or prevention of diseases or disorders associated with the activity of PD-L1 including its interaction with other proteins such as PD-1 and B7-1 (CD80), such as cancer or infections, which include one or more containers containing a pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula (I), or any of the embodiments thereof. Such kits can further include one or more of various conventional pharmaceutical kit components, such as, e.g., containers with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, additional containers, etc., as will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. Instructions, either as inserts or as labels, indicating quantities of the components to be administered, guidelines for administration, and/or guidelines for mixing the components, can also be included in the kit.

The invention will be described in greater detail by way of specific examples. The following examples are offered for illustrative purposes, and are not intended to limit the invention in any manner. Those of skill in the art will readily recognize a variety of non-critical parameters which can be changed or modified to yield essentially the same results. The compounds of the Examples have been found to inhibit the activity of PD-1/PD-L1 protein/protein interaction according to at least one assay described herein.

EXAMPLES

Experimental procedures for compounds of the invention are provided below. Open Access Preparative LCMS Purification of some of the compounds prepared was performed on Waters mass directed fractionation systems. The basic equipment setup, protocols and control software for the operation of these systems have been described in detail in literature. See, e.g., Blom, “Two-Pump At Column Dilution Configuration for Preparative LC-MS”, K. Blom, J. Combi. Chem., 2002, 4, 295-301; Blom et al., “Optimizing Preparative LC-MS Configurations and Methods for Parallel Synthesis Purification”, J. Combi. Chem., 2003, 5, 670-83; and Blom et al., “Preparative LC-MS Purification: Improved Compound Specific Method Optimization”, J. Combi. Chem., 2004, 6, 874-883.

Example 1 (S)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2′-chloro-3′-(5-(((2-hydroxyethyl)amino)methyl)picolinamido)-2-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)piperidine-2-carboxylic acid

Step 1: methyl 3-chloro-4-hydroxy-5-nitrobenzoate

To a solution of methyl 3-chloro-4-hydroxybenzoate (Alfa Aesar, #A512389: 10.0 g, 53.6 mmol) in acetic acid (20.0 mL, 352 mmol) was added a mixture of acetic acid (20.0 mL, 352 mmol) and nitric acid (4.72 mL, 112 mmol) dropwise at 0° C. Then the ice bath was removed and the thick mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hrs. Then an equal volume of water was added to the reaction suspension at 0° C. The mixture was filtered and washed with cold water. A yellow solid was obtained as desired product without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₈H₇ClNO₅ (M+H)⁺: m/z=232.0; found 232.0.

Step 2: methyl 3-amino-5-chloro-4-hydroxybenzoate

Methyl 3-chloro-4-hydroxy-5-nitrobenzoate (2.08 g, 8.98 mmol) was hydrogenated under ambient pressure of hydrogen using palladium on carbon (10 wt %, 0.57 g, 0.539 mmol) in ethyl acetate (15 mL) for 1 h. The resulting suspension was filtered through a pad of Celite and washed with EtOAc and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure to give a crude product, which was purified by column chromatography (eluting with MeOH/DCM 0%-10%). LC-MS calculated for C₈H₉ClNO₃ (M+H)⁺: m/z=202.0; found 202.0.

Step 3: methyl 2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-7-chlorobenzo[d]oxazole-5-carboxylate

A mixture of methyl 3-amino-5-chloro-4-hydroxybenzoate (1.04 g, 5.16 mmol), 3-bromo-2-methylbenzaldehyde (AstaTech, #52940: 0.98 g, 4.92 mmol) in EtOH (25 ml) was placed in a vial and stirred at room temperature for 1 h. The mixture was then concentrated. The residue was redissovled in methylene chloride (25 mL) and dichlorodicyanoquinone (1.12 g, 4.92 mmol) was added. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. The reaction was diluted with methylene chloride and washed with an aqueous Na₂S₂O₃ solution and NaHCO₃ solution. The organic phase was dried over MgSO₄, filtered and the filtrate was concentrated. The crude residue was used directly without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₁₆H₁₂BrClNO₃ (M+H)⁺: m/z=380.0, 382.0; found 379.9, 381.9.

Step 4: (2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-7-chlorobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol

To a solution of methyl 2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-7-chlorobenzo[d]oxazole-5-carboxylate (395.0 mg, 1.04 mmol) in DCM (10.0 ml) was added diisobutylaluminum hydride in DCM (1.0 M, 2.08 ml, 2.08 mmol) dropwise at −78 OC. The mixture was slowly warmed up to 0° C. Then the mixture was quenched with EtOAc and DCM, followed by aqueous Rochell's salt solution. The mixture was stirred vigorously at room temperature for 1 h. The organic phase was separated and dried over MgSO₄ before filtering through a short pad of Celite to remove solids. The filtrate was concentrated and purified by column chromatography (eluting with 0-5% MeOH/DCM) to give the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₁₅H₁₂BrClNO₂ (M+H)⁺: m/z=352.0, 354.0; found 352.0, 354.0.

Step 5: (7-chloro-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol

A mixture of (2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-7-chlorobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol (113 mg, 0.322 mmol), bis(pinacolato)diboron (98 mg, 0.386 mmol), dichloro[1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]palladium (II) dichloromethane adduct (26.3 mg, 0.032 mmol) and anhydrous potassium acetate (79 mg, 0.804 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (3.5 mL) was purged with nitrogen and stirred at 110° C. for 2 h. The crude was diluted with DCM, and then filtered through Celite. The filtrate was concentrated. The residue was purified by flash chromatography (eluting with EtOAc/Hexanes, 0-40%). LC-MS calculated for C₂₁H₂₄BClNO₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=400.2; found 400.2.

Step 6: N-(3-bromo-2-chlorophenyl)-5-(dimethoxymethyl)picolinamide

To a solution of 3-bromo-2-chloroaniline (345 mg, 1.67 mmol) and methyl 5-(dimethoxymethyl)picolinate (388 mg, 1.84 mmol) in THF (10 ml) was added potassium tert-butoxide in THF (1.0 M, 3.34 ml, 3.34 mmol) at room temperature, the mixture was stirred at this temperature for 2 hrs. Water was then added to quench the reaction. The mixture was extracted with DCM three times. The organic phases were combined, dried over MgSO₄, filtered and the filtrate was concentrated. The residue was used directly without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₁₅H₁₅BrClN₂O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=385.0; found 385.0.

Step 7: N-(2-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-(dimethoxymethyl)picolinamide

A mixture of N-(3-bromo-2-chlorophenyl)-5-(dimethoxymethyl)picolinamide (156 mg, 0.404 mmol), (7-chloro-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol (125 mg, 0.312 mmol), bis(dicyclohexylphosphino)ferrocene]palladium(II) (23.6 mg, 0.031 mmol) and cesium fluoride (119 mg, 0.780 mmol) in a mixed water (300 μL) and 1,4-dioxane (1500 μlL was purged with N₂ and then stirred at 100° C. for 3 hrs. The reaction was cooled to room temperature and then diluted with EtOAc and water. The aqueous phase was extracted with EtOAc. The organic phase was dried over MgSO₄, filtered and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude material was purified by flash chromatography on a silica gel (eluting with MeOH/DCM, 0-10%) to give the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₃₀H₂₆Cl₂N₃O₅ (M+H)⁺: m/z=578.1; found 578.1.

Step 8: N-(2-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-(dimethoxymethyl)picolinamide

To N-(2-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-(dimethoxymethyl)picolinamide (189 mg, 0.327 mmol) and sodium bicarbonate (220 mg, 2.61 mmol) in DCM (2 mL) was added Dess-Martin periodinane (0.115 ml, 0.327 mmol) in one portion at rt and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 20 min. The reaction was quenched by NaHCO₃ and Na₂S₂O₃ solution, extracted with DCM. The organic phase was dried over MgSO₄, filtered and the filtrate was concentrated. The residue was used directly without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₃₀H₂₄Cl₂N₃O₅ (M+H)⁺: m/z=576.1; found 576.1.

Step 9: (S)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2′-chloro-3′-(5-(dimethoxymethyl)picolinamido)-2-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)piperidine-2-carboxylic acid

A mixture of N-(2-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-(dimethoxymethyl)picolinamide (65.1 mg, 0.113 mmol) and (S)-piperidine-2-carboxylic acid (58.3 mg, 0.452 mmol) in DCM (1129 μL) was stirred at room temperature for 2 hrs. Then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (71.8 mg, 0.339 mmol) and acetic acid (19.40 μl, 0.339 mmol) was added. The mixture was further stirred at room temperature for 1 h. The reaction was diluted with DCM and quenched by NH₃—H₂O. The organic layer was dried over MgSO₄, and concentrated and purified by column chromatography (eluting with DCM/MeOH, 0-15%). LC-MS calculated for C₃₆H₃₅Cl₂N₄O₆ (M+H)⁺: m/z=689.2; found 689.4.

Step 10: (S)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2′-chloro-3′-(5-formylpicolinamido)-2-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)piperidine-2-carboxylic acid

To a solution of (S)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2′-chloro-3′-(5-(dimethoxymethyl)picolinamido)-2-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)piperidine-2-carboxylic acid (35 mg, 0.051 mmol) in DCM (400 μL) was added TFA (117 μL, 1.51 mmol) at room temperature. Then the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 h. The mixture was concentrated under vacuum before being redissovled with DCM, quenched by aqueous NaHCO₃ solution. The organic phase was dried over MgSO₄, filtered and the filtrate was concentrated. The crude product was used directly in the next step. LC-MS calculated for C₃₄H₂₉Cl₂N₄O₅ (M+H)⁺: m/z=643.2; found 643.4.

Step 11: (S)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2′-chloro-3′-(5-(((2-hydroxyethyl)amino)methyl)picolinamido)-2-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)piperidine-2-carboxylic acid

A mixture of (S)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2′-chloro-3′-(5-formylpicolinamido)-2-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)piperidine-2-carboxylic acid (31.1 mg, 0.048 mmol) and 2-aminoethan-1-ol (11.8 mg, 0.19 mmol) in DCM (0.5 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 2 h. Then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (30.7 mg, 0.14 mmol) and acetic acid (8 μL, 0.14 mmol) was added. The mixture was further stirred at room temperature for 1 h. The reaction was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₆H₃₆Cl₂N₅O₅ (M+H)⁺: m/z=688.2; found 688.1.

Example 2 (S)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2′-chloro-3′-(5-(((S)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)picolinamido)-2-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)piperidine-2-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 1 with (S)-pyrrolidin-3-ol replacing ethanolamine in Step 11. The reaction was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=10, acetonitrile/water+NH₄OH) to give the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₃₈H₃₈Cl₂N₅O₅ (M+H)⁺: m/z=714.2; found 714.2.

Example 3 (S)-1-((7-chloro-2-(3′-((3-(((2-hydroxyethyl)amino)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-yl)amino)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)piperidine-2-carboxylic acid

Step 1: 8-chloro-3-vinyl-1,7-naphthyridine

A mixture of 3-bromo-8-chloro-1,7-naphthyridine (389 mg, 1.60 mmol) (PharmaBlock, cat#PBLJ2743), 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-vinyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (295 mg, 1.92 mmol), sodium carbonate (423 mg, 3.99 mmol) and bis(dicyclohexylphosphino)ferrocene]palladium(II) (60.4 mg, 0.080 mmol) in t-butanol (3.2 mL) and water (3.2 mL) was degassed and sealed. It was stirred at 110° C. for 2 h. The reaction mixture was cooled then extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over MgSO₄, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude residue was used directly in the next step without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₁₀H₈ClN₂ (M+H)⁺: m/z=191.0; found 191.0.

Step 2: N-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-3-vinyl-1,7-naphthyridin-8-amine

A mixture of 3-bromo-2-methylaniline (139 mg, 0.74 mmol), 8-chloro-3-vinyl-1,7-naphthyridine (142 mg, 0.74 mmol) and HCl in dioxane (4.0 M, 186 μL, 0.74 mmol) in t-butanol (3.7 mL) was heated at 130° C. for 2 h. The reaction was then cooled to room temperature and diluted with DCM. The reaction was quenched by aqueous NaHCO₃ solution, extracted with DCM. The organic phase was dried over MgSO₄, filtered and the filtrate was concentrated. The residue was used directly for next step. LC-MS calculated for C₁₇H₁₅BrN₃ (M+H)⁺: m/z=340.0, 342.0; found 340.1, 342.1.

Step 3: (7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-((3-vinyl-1,7-naphthyridin-8-yl)amino)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol

A mixture of N-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-3-vinyl-1,7-naphthyridin-8-amine (81 mg, 0.24 mmol), (7-chloro-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol (95 mg, 0.24 mmol), chloro(2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2′,4′,6′-triisopropyl-1,1′-biphenyl) [2-(2′-amino-1,1′-biphenyl)]palladium(II) (18.7 mg, 0.024 mmol) and potassium phosphate (126 mg, 0.60 mmol) in a mixed water (400 μl) and 1,4-dioxane (2.0 mL) was purged with N₂ and then stirred at 70° C. for 1 h. The reaction was cooled to room temperature. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate and then washed with H₂O. The organic layer was dried over MgSO₄, filtered and concentrated to give a crude residue, which was purified by flash chromatography (eluting with MeOH/DCM, 0-10%). LC-MS calculated for C₃₂H₂₆ClN₄O₂ (M+H)⁺: m/z=533.2; found 533.2.

Step 4: 7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-((3-vinyl-1,7-naphthyridin-8-yl)amino)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazole-5-carbaldehyde

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 1 with (7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-((3-vinyl-1,7-naphthyridin-8-yl)amino)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol replacing N-(2-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-(dimethoxymethyl)picolinamide in Step 8. LC-MS calculated for C₃₂H₂₄ClN₄O₂(M+H)⁺: m/z=531.2; found 531.2.

Step 5: (S)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-((3-vinyl-1,7-naphthyridin-8-yl)amino)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)piperidine-2-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 1 with 7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-((3-vinyl-1,7-naphthyridin-8-yl)amino)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazole-5-carbaldehyde replacing N-(2-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-(dimethoxymethyl)picolinamide in Step 9. LC-MS calculated for C₃₈H₃₅ClN₅O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=644.2; found 644.2.

Step 6: (S)-1-((7-chloro-2-(3′-((3-formyl-1,7-naphthyridin-8-yl)amino)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)piperidine-2-carboxylic acid

A vial was charged with (S)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-((3-vinyl-1,7-naphthyridin-8-yl)amino)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)piperidine-2-carboxylic acid (11 mg, 0.017 mmol), a stir bar, 1,4-dioxane (128 μL) and water (42 μL). To this suspension was added osmium tetroxide (4% w/w in water, 6.7 μl, 0.85 mmol). The reaction was stirred for 5 min then sodium periodate (18.2 mg, 0.085 mmol) was added. After stirring at room temperature for 1 h, the reaction was quenched with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium thiosulfate. The mixture was then extracted with ethyl acetate, and the combined organic layers were separated, washed with brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue was used directly. LC-MS calculated for C₃₇H₃₃ClN₅O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=646.2; found 646.2.

Step 7: (S)-1-((7-chloro-2-(3′-((3-(((2-hydroxyethyl)amino)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-yl)amino)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)piperidine-2-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 1 with (S)-1-((7-chloro-2-(3′-((3-formyl-1,7-naphthyridin-8-yl)amino)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)piperidine-2-carboxylic acid (product from Step 6) replacing (S)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2′-chloro-3′-(5-formylpicolinamido)-2-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)piperidine-2-carboxylic acid in Step 11. The mixture was dissolved in MeOH then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₉H₄₀ClN₆O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=691.3; found 691.3.

Example 4 (S)-1-((7-chloro-2-(3′-((3-(((2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)amino)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-yl)amino)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)piperidine-2-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 3 with 1-amino-2-methylpropan-2-ol replacing ethanolamine in Step 7. The reaction was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=10, acetonitrile/water+NH₄OH) to give the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₄₁H₄₄ClN₆O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=719.3; found 719.2.

Example 5 (S)-1-((7-chloro-2-(3′-((3-(((S)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-yl)amino)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)piperidine-2-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 3 with (S)-pyrrolidin-3-ol replacing ethanolamine in Step 7. The reaction was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=10, acetonitrile/water+NH₄OH) to give the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₄₁H₄₂ClN₆O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=717.3; found 717.2.

Example 6 3-(((7-chloro-2-(3′-((3-(((2-hydroxyethyl)amino)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-yl)amino)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)amino)propanoic acid

Step 1: methyl 3-(((7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-((3-vinyl-1,7-naphthyridin-8-yl)amino)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)amino)propanoate

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 1 with 7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-((3-vinyl-1,7-naphthyridin-8-yl)amino)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazole-5-carbaldehyde (product from Step 4 in Example 3) replacing N-(2-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-(dimethoxymethyl)picolinamide and methyl 3-aminopropanoate hydrochloride salt replacing (S)-piperidine-2-carboxylic acid in Step 9. LC-MS calculated for C₃₆H₃₃ClN₅O₃ (M+H)⁺: m/z=618.2; found 618.2.

Step 2: methyl 3-(((7-chloro-2-(3′-((3-formyl-1,7-naphthyridin-8-yl)amino)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)amino)propanoate

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 3 with methyl 3-(((7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-((3-vinyl-1,7-naphthyridin-8-yl)amino)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)amino)propanoate (product from Step 1) replacing (S)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-((3-vinyl-1,7-naphthyridin-8-yl)amino)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)piperidine-2-carboxylic acid in Step 6. LC-MS calculated for C₃₅H₃₁ClN₅O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=620.2; found 620.2.

Step 3: methyl 3-(((7-chloro-2-(3′-((3-(((2-hydroxyethyl)amino)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-yl)amino)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)amino)propanoate

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 3 with methyl 3-(((7-chloro-2-(3′-((3-formyl-1,7-naphthyridin-8-yl)amino)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)amino)propanoate replacing (S)-1-((7-chloro-2-(3′-((3-formyl-1,7-naphthyridin-8-yl)amino)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)piperidine-2-carboxylic acid in Step 7. The reaction was diluted with DCM and quenched by NH₃—H₂O. The organic layer was dried over MgSO₄, filtered and the filtrate was concentrated. The residue was purified by column chromatography (eluting with DCM/MeOH, 0-10%). LC-MS calculated for C₃₇H₃₈ClN₆O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=665.3; found 665.3.

Step 4: 3-(((7-chloro-2-(3′-((3-(((2-hydroxyethyl)amino)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-yl)amino)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)amino)propanoic acid

To a solution of methyl 3-(((7-chloro-2-(3′-((3-(((2-hydroxyethyl)amino)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-yl)amino)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)amino)propanoate (10.0 mg, 0.015 mmol) in a mixture of water (63 μL), THF (125 μL) and MeOH (63 μL) was added lithium hydroxide (3.6 mg, 0.15 mmol). The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 2 h. The reaction was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₆H₃₆ClN₆O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=651.2; found 651.2.

Example 7 (2S,2′S)-1,1′-(((2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3,3′-diyl)bis(6-(cyanomethoxy)benzo[d]oxazole-2,5-diyl))bis(methylene))bis(piperidine-2-carboxylic acid)

Step 1: methyl 2,4-dihydroxy-5-nitrobenzoate

To a solution of methyl 2,4-dihydroxybenzoate (Aldrich, cat#M42505: 9.15 g, 54.4 mmol) in acetic anhydride (34 mL) and acetic acid (66 mL) was slowly added mixture of nitric acid (3.82 mL, 63.8 mmol) in acetic acid (30 mL) at 0° C. After addition, a light brown solution was formed. Then the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min, after which a suspension had formed. Water (130 mL) was added, whereupon the mixture was aged for another 30 min without stirring. The precipitate was filtered, rinsed with small amount of water, and dried under vacuum to give crude product, which was used directly in the next step without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₈H₈NO₆ (M+H)⁺: m/z=214.0; found 214.0.

Step 2: methyl 5-amino-2,4-dihydroxybenzoate

Methyl 2,4-dihydroxy-5-nitrobenzoate (592 mg, 2.78 mmol) was hydrogenated under ambient pressure of hydrogen using palladium on carbon (10 wt %, 300 mg, 0.28 mmol) in ethyl acetate (30 mL) for 3 h. The resulting suspension was filtered through a pad of Celite, washed with ethyl acetate and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure to give crude product, which was used directly without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₈H₁₀NO₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=184.1; found 184.0.

Step 3: methyl 2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-6-hydroxybenzo[d]oxazole-5-carboxylate

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 1 with methyl 5-amino-2,4-dihydroxybenzoate replacing methyl 3-amino-5-chloro-4-hydroxybenzoate in Step 3. LC-MS calculated for C₁₆H₁₃BrNO₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=362.0, 364.0; found 362.0, 364.0.

Step 4: 2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-6-ol

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 1 with methyl 2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-6-hydroxy-2,3-dihydrobenzo[d]oxazole-5-carboxylate replacing methyl 2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-7-chlorobenzo[d]oxazole-5-carboxylate in Step 4. LC-MS calculated for C₁₅H₁₃BrNO₃ (M+H)⁺: m/z=334.0, 336.0; found 334.0, 336.0.

Step 5: 2-((2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-6-yl)oxy)acetonitrile

To a solution of 2-bromoacetonitrile (219 mg, 1.82 mmol) and 2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-6-ol (406.6 mg, 1.22 mmol) in DMF (2.5 mL) was added potassium carbonate (336 mg, 2.43 mmol). The mixture was heated up to 60° C. for 1 h. The reaction was then cooled to room temperature and diluted with EtOAc, quenched with water. After extraction, the organic phase was dried over MgSO₄, filtered and the filtrate was concentrated. The residue was used directly without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₁₇H₁₄BrN₂O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=373.0, 375.0; found 373.0, 375.0.

Step 6: 2-((5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazol-6-yl)oxy)acetonitrile

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 1 with 2-((2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-6-yl)oxy)acetonitrile replacing (2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-7-chlorobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol in Step 5. LC-MS calculated for C₂₃H₂₆BN₂O₅(M+H)⁺: m/z=421.2; found 421.2.

Step 7: 2,2′-(((2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3,3′-diyl)bis(5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazole-2,6-diyl))bis(oxy))diacetonitrile

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 1 with 2-((5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazol-6-yl)oxy)acetonitrile (product from Step 6) replacing (7-chloro-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol, 2-((2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-6-yl)oxy)acetonitrile (product from Step 5) replacing N-(3-bromo-2-chlorophenyl)-5-(dimethoxymethyl)picolinamide and potassium carbonate replacing cesium fluoride in Step 7. LC-MS calculated for C₃₄H₂₇N₄O₆ (M+H)⁺: m/z=587.2; found 587.2.

Step 8: 2,2′-(((2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3,3′-diyl)bis(5-formylbenzo[d]oxazole-2,6-diyl))bis(oxy))diacetonitrile

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 1 with 2,2′-(((2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3,3′-diyl)bis(5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazole-2,6-diyl))bis(oxy))diacetonitrile replacing N-(2-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-(dimethoxymethyl)picolinamide and two equivalents of Dess-Martin periodinane in Step 8. LC-MS calculated for C₃₄H₂₃N₄O₆ (M+H)⁺: m/z=583.2; found 583.2.

Step 9: (2S,2′S)-1,1′-(((2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3,3′-diyl)bis(6-(cyanomethoxy)benzo[d]oxazole-2,5-diyl))bis(methylene))bis(piperidine-2-carboxylic acid)

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 1 with 2,2′-(((2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3,3′-diyl)bis(5-formylbenzo[d]oxazole-2,6-diyl))bis(oxy))diacetonitrile (product from step 8) replacing N-(2-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-(dimethoxymethyl)picolinamide in Step 9. The reaction mixture was diluted with methanol and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=10, acetonitrile/water+NH₄OH) to give the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₄₆H₄₅N₆O₈ (M+H)⁺: m/z=809.3; found 809.2.

Example 8 (S)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2′-chloro-2-methyl-3′-(5-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)-[1,1-′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)piperidine-2-carboxylic acid

Step 1: N-(3-bromo-2-chlorophenyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide

To a solution of 3-bromo-2-chloroaniline (174 mg, 0.84 mmol) and 5-(tert-butyl) 2-ethyl 6,7-dihydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-2,5(4H)-dicarboxylate (528 mg, 1.69 mmol) in THF (5.5 mL) was added potassium tert-butoxide in THF (1.0 M, 1.27 mL, 1.27 mmol) at −10° C. The mixture was stirred and slowly warmed up to 0° C. for 1 h. Water was then added to quench the reaction. The mixture was extracted with DCM. The organic phase was dried over MgSO₄ and concentrated. The residue was redissovled in DCM. The DCM solution was treated with TFA (0.19 mL, 2.52 mmol). The volatile was removed under reduced pressure after 1 h. The residue was used for next step directly. LC-MS calculated for C₁₃H₁₂BrClN₃OS (M+H)⁺: m/z=372.0; found 371.9.

Step 2: N-(3-bromo-2-chlorophenyl)-5-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide

A mixture of N-(3-bromo-2-chlorophenyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide (61 mg, 0.16 mmol) and formaldehyde (37% in water, 66 mg, 0.82 mmol) in DCM (500 μL) was stirred at rt for 2 h. Then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (104 mg, 0.49 mmol) and acetic acid (28 μL, 0.49 mmol) was added. The mixture was further stirred at room temperature for 1 h. The reaction was quenched by NH₄OH, then extracted with DCM. The organic phase was dried over MgSO₄, filtered and the filtrate was concentrated. The residue was purified by column chromatography (eluting with MeOH/DCM, 0-10%). LC-MS calculated for C₁₄H₁₄BrClN₃OS (M+H)⁺: m/z=386.0/388.0; found 385.9/387.9.

Step 3: N-(2-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 1 with N-(3-bromo-2-chlorophenyl)-5-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide (product from Step 2) replacing N-(3-bromo-2-chlorophenyl)-5-(dimethoxymethyl)picolinamide and chloro(2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2′,4′,6′-triisopropyl-1,1′-biphenyl)[2-(2′-amino-1,1′-biphenyl)]palladium(II) replacing bis(dicyclohexylphosphino)ferrocene]palladium(II) in Step 7. LC-MS calculated for C₂₉H₂₅Cl₂N₄O₃S (M+H)⁺: m/z=579.1; found 579.1.

Step 4: N-(2-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 1 with N-(2-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide (product from step 3) replacing N-(2-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-(dimethoxymethyl)picolinamide in Step 8. LC-MS calculated for C₂₉H₂₃Cl₂N₄O₃S (M+H)⁺: m/z=577.1; found 577.1.

Step 5: (S)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2′-chloro-2-methyl-3′-(5-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)piperidine-2-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 1 with N-(2-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide (product from step 4) replacing N-(2-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-(dimethoxymethyl)picolinamide in Step 9. The reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=10, acetonitrile/water+NH₄OH) to give the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₃₅H₃₄Cl₂N₅O₄S (M+H)⁺: m/z=690.2; found 690.2.

Example 9 N-(2-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-(((2-hydroxyethyl)amino)methyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 1 with N-(2-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide (product from step 4) replacing (S)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2′-chloro-3′-(5-formylpicolinamido)-2-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)piperidine-2-carboxylic acid in Step 11. The reaction was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=10, acetonitrile/water+NH₄OH) to give the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₃₁H₃₀Cl₂N₅O₃S (M+H)⁺: m/z=622.1; found 622.2.

Example 10 (S)-1-((7-chloro-2-(3′-(7-chloro-5-(((S)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: 2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-7-chlorobenzo[d]oxazole-5-carbaldehyde

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 1, Step 8 with (2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-7-chlorobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol (Example 1, Step 4) replacing N-(2-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-(dimethoxymethyl)picolinamide. LC-MS calculated for C₁₅H₁₀BrClNO₂ (M+H)⁺: m/z=350.0; found 350.0.

Step 2: (S)-1-((2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-7-chlorobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 1, Step 11 with (S)-pyrrolidin-3-ol replacing ethanolamine and 2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-7-chlorobenzo[d]oxazole-5-carbaldehyde replacing (S)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2′-chloro-3′-(5-formylpicolinamido)-2-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)piperidine-2-carboxylic acid. The reaction was quenched by NH₄OH aqueous solution and extracted with DCM. The organic phase was combined and dried over MgSO₄, then filtered. The filtrate was concentrated and purified by column chromatography (0-5% MeOH in DCM). LC-MS calculated for C₁₉H₁₉BrClN₂O₂ (M+H)⁺: m/z=421.0; found 421.1.

Step 3: (S)-1-((7-chloro-2-(3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol

A mixture of (S)-1-((2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-7-chlorobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol (38 mg, 0.09 mmol), (7-chloro-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol (Example 1, Step 5: 39 mg, 0.10 mmol), sodium carbonate (24 mg, 0.22 mmol) and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (10 mg, 8.9 μmol) in a mixed water (150 μl) and 1,4-dioxane (750 μl) was purged with N₂ and then stirred at 100° C. for 2 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, diluted with ethyl acetate and then washed with H₂O. The organic layer was dried MgSO₄, filtered and concentrated to give a crude residue, which was purified by flash chromatography on a silica gel column eluting with 0 to 10% MeOH/DCM to give the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₃₄H₃₀Cl₂N₃O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=614.2; found 614.2.

Step 4: (S)-7-chloro-2-(3′-(7-chloro-5-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazole-5-carbaldehyde

A suspension of(S)-1-((7-chloro-2-(3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol (31 mg, 0.050 mmol) and manganese dioxide (110 mg, 1.26 mmol) in DCM (500 μl) was stirred at 45° C. for 15 min. The reaction was filtered through a short pad of celite and then concentrated to yield a crude residue, which was used directly without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₃₄H₂₈C₁₂N₃₀₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=612.2; found 612.2.

Step 5. (S)-1-((7-chloro-2-(3′-(7-chloro-5-(((S)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 1, Step 9 with (S)-7-chloro-2-(3′-(7-chloro-5-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazole-5-carbaldehyde (product from Step 4) replacing N-(2-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-(dimethoxymethyl)picolinamide and (S)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid replacing (S)-piperidine-2-carboxylic acid. The reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=10, acetonitrile/water+NH₄OH) to give the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₃₉H₃₇C₁₂N₄O₅ (M+H)⁺: m/z=711.2; found 711.2.

Example 11 (R)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin-5-ylamino)biphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: N-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin-5-amine

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 3, Step 2 with 5-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazine (Aurum Pharmatech, #C-1958) replacing 8-chloro-3-vinyl-1,7-naphthyridine. LC-MS calculated for C₁₄H₁₂BrN₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=315.0; found 315.0.

Step 2: (7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin-5-ylamino)biphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 10, Step 3 with N-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin-5-amine replacing (S)-1-((2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-7-chlorobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol. LC-MS calculated for C₂₉H₂₃ClN₅O₂(M+H)⁺: m/z=508.2; found 508.2.

Step 3: 7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin-5-ylamino)biphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazole-5-carbaldehyde

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 10, Step 4 with (7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin-5-ylamino)biphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol replacing (S)-1-((7-chloro-2-(3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol. LC-MS calculated for C₂₉H₂₁ClN₅O₂(M+H)⁺: m/z=506.1; found 506.2.

Step 4: (R)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin-5-ylamino)biphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 1, Step 9 with 7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin-5-ylamino)biphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazole-5-carbaldehyde (product from Step 3) replacing N-(2-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-(dimethoxymethyl)picolinamide and (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid replacing (S)-piperidine-2-carboxylic acid. The reaction was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=10, acetonitrile/water+NH₄OH) to give the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₃₄H₃₀ClN₆O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=605.2; found 605.2.

Example 12 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin-5-ylamino)biphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: 2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin-5-ylamino)biphenyl-3-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile

A mixture of (7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(pyrido[3,4-b]pyrazin-5-ylamino)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol (Example 11, product from Step 2, 14.7 mg, 0.029 mmol), [(2-di-tert-butylphosphino-2′,4′,6′-triisopropyl-1,1′-biphenyl)-2-(2′-amino-1,1′-biphenyl)]palladium(II) methanesulfonate (2.3 mg, 2.9 μmol), potassium hexacyanoferrate(II) trihydrate (12.2 mg, 0.029 mmol) and potassium acetate (5.7 mg, 0.058 mmol) in a mixed 1,4-dioxane (250 μl) and water (250 μl) was stirred and heated at 100° C. for 2 h. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc and water, extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic phase was dried over MgSO₄, and then filtered. The filtrate was concentrated. The crude material was purified by column chromatography (0-8% MeOH in DCM) to give the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₃₀H₂₃N₆O₂ (M+H)⁺: m/z=499.2; found 499.2.

Step 2: 2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin-5-ylamino)biphenyl-3-yl)-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 10, Step 4 with 2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin-5-ylamino)biphenyl-3-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile replacing (S)-1-((7-chloro-2-(3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol. LC-MS calculated for C₃₀H₂₁N₆O₂ (M+H)⁺: m/z=497.2; found 497.2.

Step 3: (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin-5-ylamino)biphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 1, Step 9 with 2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin-5-ylamino)biphenyl-3-yl)-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile replacing N-(2-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-(dimethoxymethyl)picolinamide and (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid replacing (S)-piperidine-2-carboxylic acid. The reaction was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as the TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₅H₃₀N₇O₃ (M+H)⁺: m/z=596.2; found 596.2. ¹H NMR (600 MHz, 330K, CD₃CN, with T2 filter) δ 9.07 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 8.84 (d, J=1.9 Hz, 1H), 8.23 (dd, J=7.5, 1.4 Hz, 3H), 8.19 (d, J=6.3 Hz, 1H), 7.95 (d, J=1.5 Hz, 1H), 7.54 (t, J=7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.46 (dd, J=7.5, 1.4 Hz, 1H), 7.42 (t, J=7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.29 (d, J=6.2 Hz, 1H), 7.12-7.07 (m, 1H), 4.48 (d, J=1.6 Hz, 2H), 3.70-3.49 (m, 2H), 3.49-3.28 (m, 3H), 2.53 (s, 3H), 2.47-2.24 (m, 2H), 2.12 (s, 3H).

Example 13 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(pyrido[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4-ylamino)biphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: N-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)pyrido[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4-amine

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 3, Step 2 with 4-chloropyrido[3,2-d]pyrimidine replacing 8-chloro-3-vinyl-1,7-naphthyridine. LC-MS calculated for C₁₄H₁₂BrN₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=315.0; found 315.0.

Step 2: (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(pyrido[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4-ylamino)biphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 12 with N-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)pyrido[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4-amine replacing N-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin-5-amine. The reaction was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₅H₃₀N₇O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=596.2; found 596.2.

Example 14 (R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-2-methyl-3′-(pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin-5-ylamino)biphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: N-(3-bromo-2-chlorophenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin-5-amine

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 3, Step 2 with 3-bromo-2-chloroaniline replacing 3-bromo-2-methylaniline and 5-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazine replacing 8-chloro-3-vinyl-1,7-naphthyridine. LC-MS calculated for C₁₃H₉BrClN₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=335.0; found 335.0.

Step 2: (R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-2-methyl-3′-(pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin-5-ylamino)biphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 12 with N-(3-bromo-2-chlorophenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin-5-amine replacing N-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin-5-amine. The reaction was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₄H₂₇ClN₇O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=616.2; found 616.1.

Example 15 (R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-2-methyl-3′-(pyrido[3,4-b]pyrazin-8-ylamino)biphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: (2-(3′-amino-2′-chloro-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-chlorobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol

A mixture of 3-bromo-2-chloroaniline (222 mg, 1.08 mmol), (7-chloro-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol (535 mg, 0.977 mmol), sodium carbonate (259 mg, 2.44 mmol) and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0) (113 mg, 0.098 mmol) in a mixed water (1.6 ml) and 1,4-dioxane (8.1 ml) was purged with N₂ and then stirred at 100° C. for 1 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, diluted with ethyl acetate and then washed with water. The organic layer was dried MgSO₄, and then filtered. The filtrate was concentrated to give a crude residue, which was purified by flash chromatography on a silica gel column eluting with 0 to 10% MeOH/DCM to give the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₂₁H₁₇Cl₂N₂O₂ (M+H)⁺: m/z=399.1; found 399.1.

Step 2: (7-chloro-2-(2′-chloro-2-methyl-3′-(pyrido[3,4-b]pyrazin-8-ylamino)biphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol

A vial equipped with a magnetic stir bar, was charged with (2-(3′-amino-2′-chloro-2-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-7-chlorobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol (31 mg, 0.078 mmol), 8-bromopyrido[3,4-b]pyrazine (33 mg, 0.16 mmol), sodium tert-butoxide (15 mg, 0.16 mmol), (±)-2,2′-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphthalene (7.25 mg, 0.012 mmol) and tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (3.55 mg, 3.88 μmol). The mixture was bubbled by N₂ for 1 min before sealed. The reaction mixture was heated at 100° C. for 1 h. The solution was allowed to cool to room temperature, then quenched by the addition of 1M HCl (1 mL), diluted with EtOAc and poured into sat. NaHCO₃. After extracting with EtOAc three times, the combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over MgSO₄, and then filtered. The filtrate was concentrated. The crude product was purified by flash column chromatography (0-10% MeOH in DCM) to give the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₂₈H₂₀Cl₂N₅O₂ (M+H)⁺: m/z=528.1; found 528.2.

Step 3: (R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-2-methyl-3′-(pyrido[3,4-b]pyrazin-8-ylamino)biphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 12 with (7-chloro-2-(2′-chloro-2-methyl-3′-(pyrido[3,4-b]pyrazin-8-ylamino)biphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol replacing (7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(pyrido[3,4-b]pyrazin-5-ylamino)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol in Step 1. The reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₄H₂₇ClN₇O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=616.2; found 616.2.

Example 16 (R)-1-((7-chloro-2-(3′-(3-(((S)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: 8-chloro-3-vinyl-1,7-naphthyridine

A mixture of 3-bromo-8-chloro-1,7-naphthyridine (PharmaBlock, cat#PBLJ2743: 1221 mg, 5.01 mmol), 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-vinyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (927 mg, 6.02 mmol), sodium carbonate (1329 mg, 12.54 mmol) and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (290 mg, 0.25 mmol) in t-butanol (12 ml) and water (12 ml) was purged with nitrogen and sealed. It was stirred at 90° C. for 2 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature then extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over MgSO₄, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude residue was used directly in the next step without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₁₀H₈ClN₂ (M+H)⁺: m/z=191.0; found 191.0.

Step 2: N-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-3-vinyl-1,7-naphthyridin-8-amine

A mixture of 3-bromo-2-methylaniline (139 mg, 0.74 mmol), 8-chloro-3-vinyl-1,7-naphthyridine (142 mg, 0.74 mmol) and HCl in dioxane (4.0 M, 186 μL, 0.74 mmol) in t-butanol (3.7 mL) was heated at 130° C. for 2 h. The reaction mixture was then cooled to room temperature and diluted with DCM. The reaction was quenched by aqueous NaHCO₃ solution, extracted with DCM. The organic phase was dried over MgSO₄, filtered and the filtrate was concentrated. The residue was used directly for next step. LC-MS calculated for C₁₇H₁₅BrN₃ (M+H)⁺: m/z=340.0; found 340.1.

Step 3: 8-(3-bromo-2-methylphenylamino)-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carbaldehyde

A vial was charged with N-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-3-vinyl-1,7-naphthyridin-8-amine (281 mg, 0.826 mmol), a stir bar, 1,4-dioxane (6.2 ml) and water (2.0 ml). To this suspension was added osmium tetroxide (4% w/w in water, 324 μl, 0.041 mmol). The reaction was stirred for 5 min then sodium periodate (883 mg, 4.13 mmol) was added. After stirring at room temperature for 1 h, the reaction mixture was quenched with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium thiosulfate. The mixture was then extracted with ethyl acetate, and the combined organic layers were separated, washed with brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue was used directly in the next step without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₁₆H₁₃BrN₃O (M+H)⁺: m/z=342.0; found 342.0.

Step 4: (S)-1-((8-(3-bromo-2-methylphenylamino)-, 7-naphthyridin-3-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol

A mixture of 8-((3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)amino)-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carbaldehyde (2.09 g, 6.11 mmol) and (S)-pyrrolidin-3-ol (1.06 g, 12.22 mmol) in DCM (30.5 ml) was stirred at room temperature for 0.5 h. Then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (1.94 g, 9.16 mmol) and acetic acid (0.52 ml, 9.16 mmol) were added. The mixture was further stirred at room temperature for 1 h. The reaction mixture was quenched by NH₄OH aqueous solution and extracted with DCM. The organic phase was combined and dried over MgSO₄, then filtered. The filtrate was concentrated and purified by column chromatography (0-8% MeOH in DCM) to give the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₂₀H₂₂BrN₄O (M+H)⁺: m/z=413.0; found 413.1.

Step 5: (S)-1-((8-(3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-ylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol

A mixture of (S)-1-((8-((3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)amino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol (462 mg, 1.12 mmol), (7-chloro-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol (673 mg, 1.23 mmol), sodium carbonate (296 mg, 2.79 mmol) and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (129 mg, 0.112 mmol) in water (1.9 mL) and 1,4-dioxane (9.3 mL) was purged with N₂ and then stirred at 100° C. for 4 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, diluted with ethyl acetate and then washed with H₂O. The organic layer was dried MgSO₄ and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated to give a crude residue, which was purified by flash chromatography on a silica gel column eluting with 0 to 12% MeOH/DCM to give the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₃₅H₃₃ClN₅O₃ (M+H)⁺: m/z=606.2; found 606.4.

Step 6: (S)-7-chloro-2-(3′-(3-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazole-5-carbaldehyde

A suspension of (S)-1-((8-((3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)amino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol (35 mg, 0.058 mmol) and manganese dioxide (100 mg, 1.16 mmol) in DCM (580 μl) was stirred at 45° C. for 15 min. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, filtered through a short pad of celite and then concentrated to yield a crude residue, which was used directly without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₃₅H₃₁ClN₅O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=604.2; found 604.4.

Step 7: (R)-1-((7-chloro-2-(3′-(3-(((S)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-, 7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

A mixture of (S)-7-chloro-2-(3′-((3-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-yl)amino)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazole-5-carbaldehyde (31 mg, 0.051 mmol), (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (17.7 mg, 0.154 mmol) and triethylamine (21.5 μL, 0.154 mmol) in DCM (500 μL) was stirred at room temperature for 2 h. Then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (32.6 mg, 0.154 mmol) and acetic acid (8.81 μL, 0.154 mmol) were added. The mixture was further stirred at room temperature for 1 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as the TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₄₀H₄₀ClN₆O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=703.3; found 703.3. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, 330K, CD₃CN) δ 9.11 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 8.52 (d, J=2.1 Hz, 1H), 8.19 (dd, J=7.9, 1.5 Hz, 1H), 7.93-7.78 (m, 3H), 7.66 (d, J=1.5 Hz, 1H), 7.57-7.41 (m, 3H), 7.29-7.18 (m, 2H), 4.63-4.55 (m, 3H), 4.44 (s, 2H), 3.58-3.34 (m, 9H), 2.53 (s, 3H), 2.45-2.28 (m, 3H), 2.10-2.05 (m, 4H).

Example 17 (S)-1-((7-chloro-2-(3′-(3-(((S)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 16 with (S)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid replacing (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid in Step 7. The reaction was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=10, acetonitrile/water+NH₄OH) to give the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₄₀H₄₀ClN₆O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=703.3; found 703.3.

Example 18 (R)-1-((7-chloro-2-(3′-(3-(((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 16 with (R)-pyrrolidin-3-ol replacing (S)-pyrrolidin-3-ol in Step 4. For the last step, the reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₄₀H₄₀ClN₆O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=703.3; found 703.3. ¹H NMR (600 MHz, DMSO) δ 10.84-10.49 (m, 1H), 10.43-10.21 (m, 1H), 9.07 (s, 1H), 8.52 (s, 1H), 8.16 (dd, J=8.0, 1.4 Hz, 2H), 8.03 (d, J=1.5 Hz, 2H), 7.79 (d, J=1.4 Hz, 1H), 7.57 (t, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 7.46 (dd, J=7.7, 1.4 Hz, 1H), 7.41 (t, J=7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.23 (d, J=5.9 Hz, 1H), 7.05 (s, 1H), 5.52 (br, 1H), 4.84-4.36 (m, 5H), 3.76-3.07 (m, 9H), 2.48 (s, 3H), 2.44-2.15 (m, 3H), 2.06 (s, 3H), 2.03-1.80 (m, 1H).

Example 19 (S)-1-((7-chloro-2-(3′-(3-(((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 16 with (R)-pyrrolidin-3-ol replacing (S)-pyrrolidin-3-ol in Step 4 and (S)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid replacing (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid in the Step 7. For the last step, the reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₄₀H₄₀ClN₆O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=703.3; found 703.3.

Example 20 (S)-3-((7-chloro-2-(3′-(3-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methylamino)propanoic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 16 with 3-aminopropanoic acid replacing (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid in Step 7. The reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=10, acetonitrile/water+NH₄OH) to give the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₃₈H₃₈ClN₆O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=677.3; found 677.3.

Example 21 (S)-3-(((7-chloro-2-(3′-(3-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)(methyl)amino)propanoic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 16 with 3-(methylamino)propanoic acid replacing (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid in Step 7.

The reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=10, acetonitrile/water+NH₄OH) to give the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₃₉H₄₀ClN₆O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=691.3; found 691.2.

Example 22 (S)-1-((7-chloro-2-(3′-(3-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)piperidine-4-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 16 with piperidine-4-carboxylic acid replacing (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid in Step 7. The reaction was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=10, acetonitrile/water+NH₄OH) to give the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₄₁H₄₂ClN₆O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=717.3; found 717.3.

Example 23 (S)-1-((7-chloro-2-(3′-(3-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)azetidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 16 with azetidine-3-carboxylic acid replacing (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid in Step 7. The reaction was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=10, acetonitrile/water+NH₄OH) to give the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₃₉H₃₈ClN₆O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=689.3; found 689.3.

Example 24 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-(((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: (R)-1-((8-(3-bromo-2-methylphenylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol

A mixture of 8-((3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)amino)-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carbaldehyde (Example 16, Step 3: 102 mg, 0.298 mmol) and (R)-pyrrolidin-3-ol (51.9 mg, 0.596 mmol) in DCM (1490 μl) was stirred at room temperature for 0.5 h. Then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (95 mg, 0.447 mmol) and acetic acid (25.0 μl, 0.447 mmol) were added. The mixture was further stirred at room temperature for 1 h. The reaction mixture was quenched by NH₄OH aqueous solution then extracted with DCM. The organic phase was combined and dried over MgSO₄, then filtered. The filtrate was concentrated and used directly in the next step without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₂₀H₂₂BrN₄O (M+H)⁺: m/z=413.1; found 413.1.

Step 2: (R)-1-((8-(3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-ylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol

A mixture of (R)-1-((8-((3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)amino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol (419 mg, 1.01 mmol), (7-chloro-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol (Example 1, Step 5: 611 mg, 1.12 mmol), sodium carbonate (269 mg, 2.53 mmol) and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (117 mg, 0.101 mmol) in water (1.7 mL) and 1,4-dioxane (8.4 mL) was purged with N₂ and then stirred at 100° C. for 4 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, diluted with ethyl acetate and then washed with H₂O. The organic layer was dried over MgSO₄ and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated to give a crude residue, which was purified by flash chromatography on a silica gel column eluting with 0 to 15% MeOH/DCM to give the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₃₅H₃₃ClN₅O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=606.2; found 606.4.

Step 3: (R)-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-(3′-(3-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-, 7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile

A mixture of (R)-1-((8-((3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)amino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol (79 mg, 0.13 mmol), [(2-di-tert-butylphosphino-2′,4′,6′-triisopropyl-1,1′-biphenyl)-2-(2′-amino-1,1′-biphenyl)]palladium(II) methanesulfonate (10.4 mg, 0.013 mmol), potassium hexacyanoferrate(II) trihydrate (55.1 mg, 0.130 mmol) and potassium acetate (2.6 mg, 0.026 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (650 μl) and water (650 μl) was stirred and heated at 100° C. for 4 h. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc and water, extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic phase was dried over MgSO₄, and then filtered. The filtrate was concentrated. The crude material was purified by column chromatography (0-8% MeOH in DCM) to give the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₃₆H₃₃N₆O₃ (M+H)⁺: m/z=597.3; found 597.2.

Step 4: (R)-5-formyl-2-(3′-(3-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile

A suspension of (R)-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-(3′-((3-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-yl)amino)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile (72 mg, 0.12 mmol) and manganese dioxide (231 mg, 2.65 mmol) in DCM (1.2 mL) was stirred at 45° C. for 25 min. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, filtered through a short pad of celite and then concentrated to yield a crude residue, which was used directly in the next step without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₃₆H₃₁N₆O₃ (M+H)⁺: m/z=595.2; found 595.2.

Step 5: (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-(((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

A mixture of (R)-5-formyl-2-(3′-((3-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-yl)amino)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile (72 mg, 0.12 mmol), (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (27.9 mg, 0.242 mmol) and triethylamine (34 μl, 0.24 mmol) in DCM (800 μl) was stirred at room temperature for 2 h. Then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (38.5 mg, 0.182 mmol) and acetic acid (10.5 μl, 0.18 mmol) was added. The mixture was further stirred at room temperature for 1 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₄₁H₄₀N₇O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=694.3; found 694.3. ¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) δ 9.07 (s, 1H), 8.55-8.48 (m, 1H), 8.40 (d, J=1.5 Hz, 1H), 8.25-8.10 (m, 3H), 8.04 (d, J=5.8 Hz, 1H), 7.59 (t, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 7.48 (dd, J=7.6, 1.4 Hz, 1H), 7.41 (t, J=7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.23 (d, J=6.0 Hz, 1H), 7.06 (d, J=7.3 Hz, 1H), 4.86-4.36 (m, 5H), 3.88-3.00 (m, 9H), 2.49 (s, 3H), 2.42-2.15 (m, 2H), 2.06 (s, 3H), 2.02-1.80 (m, 2H).

Example 25 (S)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-(((S)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared similar procedures as described for Example 24 with (S)-pyrrolidin-3-ol replacing (R)-pyrrolidin-3-ol in Step 1 and (S)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid replacing (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid in Step 5. The reaction was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₄₁H₄₀N₇O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=694.3; found 694.3. ¹H NMR (600 MHz, DMSO) δ 9.14 (s, 1H), 8.58 (s, 1H), 8.40 (d, J=1.6 Hz, 1H), 8.20 (dd, J=8.1, 1.3 Hz, 1H), 8.14 (d, J=1.6 Hz, 1H), 8.02-7.87 (m, 2H), 7.60 (t, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 7.52-7.43 (m, 2H), 7.27 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 1H), 7.18 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 4.85-4.39 (m, 5H), 3.79-3.09 (m, 9H), 2.50 (s, 3H), 2.44-2.07 (m, 3H), 2.03 (s, 3H), 1.94-1.83 (m, 1H).

Example 26 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-(((S)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 24 with (S)-pyrrolidin-3-ol replacing (R)-pyrrolidin-3-ol in Step 1. The reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₄₁H₄₀N₇O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=694.3; found 694.3. ¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) δ 9.13 (s, 1H), 8.57 (s, 1H), 8.42-8.35 (m, 1H), 8.19 (d, J=7.8 Hz, 1H), 8.13 (d, J=1.1 Hz, 1H), 8.03-7.86 (m, 2H), 7.58 (t, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 7.46 (dd, J=14.9, 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.26 (d, J=6.1 Hz, 1H), 7.16 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 1H), 4.81-4.40 (m, 5H), 3.79-3.07 (m, 9H), 2.49 (s, 3H), 2.28-1.87 (m, 4H), 2.02 (s, 3H).

Example 27 (S)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-(((S)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)piperidine-2-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 24 with (S)-pyrrolidin-3-ol replacing (R)-pyrrolidin-3-ol in Step 1 and (S)-piperidine-2-carboxylic acid replacing (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid in Step 5. The reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₄₂H₄₂N₇O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=708.3; found 708.3. ¹H NMR (600 MHz, DMSO) δ 9.10 (s, 1H), 8.54 (s, 1H), 8.30 (s, 1H), 8.20 (d, J=7.9 Hz, 1H), 8.04 (s, 2H), 7.95 (m, 1H), 7.59 (t, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 7.48 (d, J=7.5 Hz, 1H), 7.44 (t, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 7.25 (d, J=5.4 Hz, 1H), 7.14 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 4.81-4.57 (m, 3H), 4.55-4.28 (m, 2H), 4.03 (s, 1H), 3.73-2.96 (m, 6H), 2.49 (s, 3H), 2.36-2.12 (m, 2H), 2.03 (s, 3H), 1.99-1.43 (m, 6H).

Example 28 (S)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-(((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 24 with (S)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid replacing (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid in Step 5. The reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₄₁H₄₀N₇O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=694.3; found 694.3. ¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) δ 9.09 (s, 1H), 8.53 (s, 1H), 8.40 (d, J=1.6 Hz, 1H), 8.20 (dd, J=8.0, 1.4 Hz, 1H), 8.17-8.06 (m, 2H), 8.01 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 1H), 7.59 (t, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 7.48 (dd, J=7.7, 1.4 Hz, 1H), 7.43 (t, J=7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.24 (d, J=6.0 Hz, 1H), 7.09 (d, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 4.82-4.37 (m, 5H), 3.77-3.06 (m, 9H), 2.50 (s, 3H), 2.43-1.82 (m, 4H), 2.06 (s, 3H).

Example 29 (R)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2′-chloro-3′-(3-(((S)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: 8-chloro-3-vinyl-1,7-naphthyridine

A mixture of 3-bromo-8-chloro-1,7-naphthyridine (PharmaBlock, cat#PBLJ2743: 770 mg, 3.16 mmol), 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-vinyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (584 mg, 3.79 mmol), sodium carbonate (838 mg, 7.91 mmol) and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (183 mg, 0.158 mmol) in t-butanol (8 ml) and water (8 ml) was purged with nitrogen and sealed. It was stirred at 80° C. for 2 h. The reaction mixture was cooled then extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over MgSO₄, and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude residue was used directly in the next step without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₁₀H₈ClN₂ (M+H)⁺: m/z=191.0; found 191.0.

Step 2: N-(3-bromo-2-chlorophenyl)-3-vinyl-1,7-naphthyridin-8-amine

A mixture of 3-bromo-2-chloroaniline (536 mg, 2.59 mmol), 8-chloro-3-vinyl-1,7-naphthyridine (471 mg, 2.47 mmol) and HCl in dioxane (618 μl, 2.47 mmol) in t-butanol (12.4 mL) was heated at 120° C. for 2 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, diluted with DCM then quenched by aqueous NaHCO₃ solution and extracted with DCM. The organic phase was dried over MgSO₄, filtered and the filtrate was concentrated. The residue was used directly in the next step without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₁₆H₁₂BrClN₃ (M+H)⁺: m/z=360.0; found 360.0.

Step 3: 8-(3-bromo-2-chlorophenylamino)-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carbaldehyde

To the solution of N-(3-bromo-2-chlorophenyl)-3-vinyl-1,7-naphthyridin-8-amine (135 mg, 0.374 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (2.8 mL) and water (0.9 mL) was added osmium tetroxide (4% w/w in water, 147 μl, 0.019 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 5 min then sodium periodate (400 mg, 1.872 mmol) was added. After stirring at room temperature for 1 h, the reaction mixture was quenched with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium thiosulfate. The mixture was then extracted with ethyl acetate, and the combined organic layers were separated, washed with brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue was used directly in the next step without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₁₅H₁₀BrClN₃O (M+H)⁺: m/z=362.0; found 362.0.

Step 4: (S)-1-((8-(3-bromo-2-chlorophenylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol

A mixture of 8-((3-bromo-2-chlorophenyl)amino)-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carbaldehyde (384 mg, 1.06 mmol) and (S)-pyrrolidin-3-ol (185 mg, 2.12 mmol) in DCM (5.3 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 0.5 h. Then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (337 mg, 1.59 mmol) and acetic acid (91 μl, 1.59 mmol) were added. The mixture was further stirred at room temperature for 1 h. The reaction mixture was quenched by NH₄OH aqueous solution and extracted with DCM. The organic phase was combined and dried over MgSO₄, then filtered. The filtrate was concentrated and the residue was purified by column chromatography on a silica gel column eluting with 0 to 8% MeOH/DCM to give the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₁₉H₁₉BrClN₄O (M+H)⁺: m/z=433.0; found 433.0.

Step 5: (S)-1-((8-(2-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-ylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol

A mixture of (S)-1-((8-(3-bromo-2-chlorophenylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol (10.3 mg, 0.024 mmol), (7-chloro-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol (Example 1, Step 5: 9.5 mg, 0.024 mmol), sodium carbonate (6.30 mg, 0.059 mmol) and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0) (2.75 mg, 2.377 mmol) in water (40 μl) and 1,4-dioxane (200 μl) was purged with N₂ and then stirred at 100° C. for 1 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, diluted with ethyl acetate and then washed with H₂O. The organic layer was dried MgSO₄ and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated to give a crude residue, which was purified by flash chromatography on a silica gel column eluting with 0 to 15% MeOH/DCM to give the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₃₄H₃₀Cl₂N₅O₃ (M+H)⁺: m/z=626.2; found 626.2.

Step 6: (S)-7-chloro-2-(2′-chloro-3′-(3-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazole-5-carbaldehyde

A suspension of (S)-1-((8-((2-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)amino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol (4.9 mg, 7.8 μmol) and manganese dioxide (17 mg, 0.20 mmol) in DCM (80 μl) was stirred at 45° C. for 15 min. The reaction mixture was filtered through a short pad of celite and then concentrated to yield a crude residue, which was used directly without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₃₄H₂₈Cl₂N₅O₃ (M+H)⁺: m/z=624.2; found 624.3.

Step 7: (R)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2′-chloro-3′-(3-(((S)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

A mixture of (S)-7-chloro-2-(2′-chloro-3′-((3-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-yl)amino)-2-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazole-5-carbaldehyde (4.5 mg, 7.2 mmol), triethylamine (3.0 μl, 0.022 mmol) and (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (2.5 mg, 0.022 mmol) in DCM (75 μl) was stirred at rt for 2 h. Then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (4.5 mg, 0.022 mmol) and acetic acid (1.2 μl, 0.022 mmol) were added. The mixture was further stirred at rt for 1 h. The reaction was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=10, acetonitrile/water+NH₄OH) to give the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₃₉H₃₇Cl₂N₆O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=723.2; found 723.2.

Example 30 (R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(3-(((S)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: (S)-2-(2′-chloro-3′-(3-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-, 7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile

A mixture of (S)-1-((8-((2-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)amino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol (Example 29, Step 5: 114 mg, 0.182 mmol), [(2-di-tert-butylphosphino-2′,4′,6′-triisopropyl-1,1′-biphenyl)-2-(2′-amino-1,1′-biphenyl)]palladium(II) methanesulfonate (14.4 mg, 0.018 mmol), potassium hexacyanoferrate(II) trihydrate (77 mg, 0.18 mmol) and potassium acetate (3.6 mg, 0.036 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (910 μl) and water (910 μl) was stirred and heated at 100° C. for 1 h. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc and water, extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic phase was dried over MgSO₄, and then filtered. The filtrate was concentrated. The crude material was purified by column chromatography (0-8% MeOH in DCM) to give the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₃₅H₃₀ClN₆O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=617.2; found 617.4.

Step 2: (S)-2-(2′-chloro-3′-(3-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile

A suspension of (S)-2-(2′-chloro-3′-((3-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-yl)amino)-2-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile (64 mg, 0.104 mmol) and manganese dioxide (198 mg, 2.28 mmol) in DCM (1.0 mL) was stirred at 45° C. for 15 min. The reaction was filtered through a short pad of celite and then concentrated to yield a crude residue, which was used directly without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₃₅H₂₈ClN₆O₃ (M+H)⁺: m/z=615.2; found 615.2.

Step 3: (R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(3-(((S)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-, 7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

A mixture of (S)-2-(2′-chloro-3′-((3-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-yl)amino)-2-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile (53.2 mg, 0.086 mmol), (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (29.9 mg, 0.259 mmol) and triethylamine (36 μl, 0.259 mmol) in DCM (580 μl) was stirred at rt for 2 h. Then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (55.0 mg, 0.259 mmol) and acetic acid (14.8 μl, 0.259 mmol) were added. The mixture was further stirred at rt for 1 h. The reaction was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₄₀H₃₇ClN₇O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=714.3; found 714.3. ¹H NMR (600 MHz, DMSO) δ 10.00 (s, 1H), 9.12-9.06 (m, 1H), 9.05-9.01 (m, 1H), 8.57 (s, 1H), 8.40 (d, J=1.6 Hz, 1H), 8.30-8.19 (m, 2H), 8.14 (d, J=1.6 Hz, 1H), 7.62 (t, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 7.59-7.52 (m, 2H), 7.44-7.34 (m, 1H), 7.11 (dd, J=7.7, 1.5 Hz, 1H), 4.82-4.36 (m, 5H), 3.73-3.07 (m, 9H), 2.51 (s, 3H), 2.44-1.82 (m, 4H).

Example 31 (R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-2-methyl-3′-(3-((2-oxooxazolidin-3-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)biphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: 2-((8-(3-bromo-2-chlorophenylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)methylamino)ethanol

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 29 with 2-aminoethanol replacing (S)-pyrrolidin-3-ol in Step 4. LC-MS calculated for C₁₇H₁₇BrClN₄O (M+H)⁺: m/z=407.0; found 407.0.

Step 2: 3-((8-(3-bromo-2-chlorophenylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)methyl)oxazolidin-2-one

To a solution of 2-(((8-((3-bromo-2-chlorophenyl)amino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)methyl)amino)ethan-1-ol (30 mg, 0.075 mmol) and 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (17.8 μl, 0.12 mmol) in DCM (750 μl) was added 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole (15.7 mg, 0.10 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. The reaction was concentrated and purified by column chromatography (0-5% MeOH in DCM). LC-MS calculated for C₁₈H₁₅BrClN₄O₂(M+H)⁺: m/z=433.0; found 433.1.

Step 3: (R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-2-methyl-3′-(3-((2-oxooxazolidin-3-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)biphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 24, Step 2-5 with 3-((8-(3-bromo-2-chlorophenylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)methyl)oxazolidin-2-one replacing (R)-1-((8-(3-bromo-2-methylphenylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol in Step 2. The reaction was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₉H₃₃ClN₇O₅(M+H)⁺: m/z=714.2; found 714.2.

Example 32 (S)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2′-chloro-3′-(3-(((S)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 29 with (S)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid replacing (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid in Step 7. The reaction was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₉H₃₇Cl₂N₆O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=723.2; found 723.2.

Example 33 (S)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(3-(((S)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 30 with (S)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid replacing (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid in Step 3. For the last step, the reaction was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₄₀H₃₇ClN₇O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=714.3; found 714.3.

Example 34 (R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(3-(((S)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)-3-methylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 30 with (R)-3-methylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (J&W Pharmlab, #75R0495) replacing (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid in Step 3. For the last step, the reaction was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₄₁H₃₉ClN₇O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=728.3; found 728.3.

Example 35 (S)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-(((S)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 24 with (S)-pyrrolidin-3-ol replacing (R)-pyrrolidin-3-ol in Step 1 and (S)-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid replacing (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid in Step 5. The reaction was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=10, acetonitrile/water+NH₄OH) to give the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₄₁H₄₀N₇O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=694.3; found 694.3.

Example 36 (S)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(1,5-dimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: tert-butyl 1-methyl-1,4,6,7-tetrahydro-5H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-5-carboxylate

A solution of 1-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine (Accela, cat#SY032476: 2.0 g, 14.58 mmol), (Boc)₂O (3.38 mL, 14.58 mmol) in dichloromethane (60 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 1 h. The reaction was quenched with saturated aqueous NaHCO₃ solution, and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was used for next step without further purification. LCMS calculated for C₁₂H₂₀N₃O₂(M+H)⁺: m/z=238.2; found 238.2.

Step 2: 5-tert-butyl 2-methyl 1-methyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2,5(4H)-dicarboxylate

n-Butyllithium in hexanes (2.5 M, 7.00 mL, 17.49 mmol) was added to a cold (−78° C.) solution of the crude product from Step 1 in tetrahydrofuran (60.0 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at −78° C. for 10 min prior to the addition of methyl chloroformate (1.7 mL, 21.9 mmol). After being stirred at −78° C. for 30 min, the reaction was then quenched with saturated aqueous NaHCO₃ solution, and extracted with ethyl acetate, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash chromatography on a silica gel column eluting with 0 to 100% ethyl acetate in hexanes to afford the desired product. LCMS calculated for C₁₄H₂₂N₃O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=296.2; found 296.3.

Step 3: tert-butyl 2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenylcarbamoyl)-1-methyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate

Potassium tert-butoxide in THF (1.0 M, 3.39 mL, 3.39 mmol) was added to a solution of 5-tert-butyl 2-methyl 1-methyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2,5(4H)-dicarboxylate (500 mg, 1.69 mmol) and 3-bromo-2-methylaniline (1.69 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (12.0 mL). After being stirred at room temperature for 1 h, the reaction mixture was quenched with water, and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash chromatography on a silica gel column eluting with 50% ethyl acetate in hexanes to afford the desired product (720 mg, 95%). LCMS calculated for C₂₀H₂₆BrN₄O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=449.1; found 449.1.

Step 4: tert-butyl 2-(3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-ylcarbamoyl)-1-methyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate

A mixture of tert-butyl 2-((3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1,4,6,7-tetrahydro-5H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-5-carboxylate (400 mg, 0.89 mmol), (7-chloro-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol (Example 1, Step 5: 356 mg, 0.89 mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (103 mg, 0.089 mmol) and sodium carbonate (236 mg, 2.23 mmol) in water (1.5 mL) and 1,4-dioxane (7.5 mL) was purged with nitrogen and then stirred at 100° C. for 3 h. After being cooled to room temperature, the reaction mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash chromatography on a silica gel column eluting with 0 to 50% ethyl acetate in hexanes to afford the desired product (350 mg, 61%). LC-MS calculated for C₃₅H₃₇ClN₅O₅(M+H)⁺: m/z=642.3; found 642.3.

Step 5: tert-butyl 2-(3′-(7-cyano-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-ylcarbamoyl)-1-methyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate

A mixture of tert-butyl 2-((3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1,4,6,7-tetrahydro-5H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-5-carboxylate (350 mg, 0.545 mmol), [(2-di-tert-butylphosphino-2′,4′,6′-triisopropyl-1,1′-biphenyl)-2-(2′-amino-1,1′-biphenyl)]palladium(II) methanesulfonate (43.3 mg, 0.055 mmol), potassium hexacyanoferrate(II) trihydrate (230 mg, 0.545 mmol) and potassium acetate (10.70 mg, 0.109 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (4.5 mL) and water (4.5 mL) was purged with nitrogen and then stirred at 100° C. for 1 h. After being cooled to rt, the reaction was extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic phases was dried over Na₂SO₄ and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude was used directly for next step without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₃₆H₃₇N₆O₅ (M+H)⁺: m/z=633.4; found 633.3.

Step 6: tert-butyl 2-(3′-(7-cyano-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-ylcarbamoyl)-1-methyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate

A suspension of tert-butyl 2-((3′-(7-cyano-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1,4,6,7-tetrahydro-5H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-5-carboxylate (345 mg, 0.545 mmol) and manganese dioxide (948 mg, 10.91 mmol) in dichloromethane (5.0 mL) was stirred at 45° C. for 30 min. The reaction was filtered through a short pad of celite and then concentrated to yield a crude residue, which was used directly without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₃₆H₃₅N₆O₅ (M+H)⁺: m/z=631.3; found 631.3.

Step 7: (S)-1-((7-cyano-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(1-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)biphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

A mixture of tert-butyl 2-((3′-(7-cyano-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1,4,6,7-tetrahydro-5H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-5-carboxylate (200 mg, 0.317 mmol) and (S)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (110 mg, 0.951 mmol) in dichloromethane (3.0 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 2 h. Then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (202 mg, 0.951 mmol) and acetic acid (54.5 μl, 0.951 mmol) was added. After being stirred at 50° C. for 1 h, 2 N HCl in water (0.2 mL) was added, and the reaction was stirred at room temperature for 1 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated, and purified via pH 2 preparative HPLC (MeCN/water with TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₆H₃₆N₇O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=630.3; found 630.4.

Step 8: (S)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(1,5-dimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Sodium triacetoxyborohydride (32.7 mg, 0.154 mmol) was added to a solution of(S)-1-((7-cyano-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(1-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, 3TFA (50 mg, 0.051 mmol) and 37 wt. % formaldehyde in water (38.3 μL, 0.515 mmol) in THF (0.5 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 h, then diluted with MeOH, and purified via pH 2 preparative HPLC (MeCN/water with TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃CN) δ 9.24 (s, 1H), 8.27-8.22 (m, 2H), 7.98-7.95 (m, 1H), 7.54 (dd, J=7.7, 7.7 Hz, 1H), 7.43 (dd, J=7.7, 1.4 Hz, 1H), 7.37 (dd, J=7.7, 7.7 Hz, 1H), 7.07 (dd, J=7.7, 1.4 Hz, 1H), 4.49 (d, J=13.5 Hz, 1H), 4.45 (d, J=13.5 Hz, 1H), 4.30-4.15 (m, 2H), 3.98 (s, 3H), 3.67-3.45 (m, 4H), 3.44-3.26 (m, 3H), 3.11-3.00 (m, 2H), 2.96 (s, 3H), 2.50 (s, 3H), 2.43-2.20 (m, 2H), 2.06 (s, 3H). LC-MS calculated for C₃₇H₃₈N₇O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=644.3; found 644.3.

Example 37 (S)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-ethyl-1-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Sodium triacetoxyborohydride (6.54 mg, 0.031 mmol) were added to a solution of (S)-1-((7-cyano-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(1-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, 3TFA (Example 36, Step 7; 10 mg, 10.29 μmol) and acetaldehyde (1.360 mg, 0.031 mmol) in THF (0.5 mL). The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 1 h, then diluted with MeOH, and purified via pH 2 preparative HPLC (MeCN/water with TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₈H₄₀N₇O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=658.3; found 658.4.

Example 38 (S)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-isopropyl-1-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

A suspension of (S)-1-((7-cyano-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(1-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, 3TFA (Example 36, Step 7; 10 mg, 10.27 μmol), 2-iodopropane (5.24 mg, 0.031 mmol), and potassium carbonate (7.1 mg, 0.051 mmol) in DMF (0.1 mL) was stirred at 90° C. for 1 h. The reaction was diluted with MeOH, and purified via pH 2 preparative HPLC (MeCN/water with TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₉H₄₂N₇O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=672.3; found 672.3.

Example 39 (S)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-cyclopropyl-1-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

A suspension of (S)-1-((7-cyano-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(1-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, 3TFA (Example 36, Step 7; 10 mg, 10.27 μmol), bromocyclopropane (12.42 mg, 0.103 mmol), potassium iodide (5.11 mg, 0.031 mmol) and potassium carbonate (7.1 mg, 0.051 mmol) in DMF (50 μL) was stirred at 90° C. for 5 h. The reaction was diluted with MeOH, and purified via pH 2 preparative HPLC (MeCN/water with TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₉H₄₀N₇O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=670.3; found 670.4.

Example 40 (S)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(3,3-difluorocyclobutyl)-1-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

A suspension of (S)-1-((7-cyano-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(1-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, 3TFA (Example 36, Step 7; 10 mg, 10.27 μmol), 3-bromo-1,1-difluorocyclobutane (5.27 mg, 0.031 mmol), potassium iodide (5.11 mg, 0.031 mmol) and potassium carbonate (7.10 mg, 0.051 mmol) in DMF (0.2 mL) was stirred at 90° C. for 1 h. The reaction was diluted with MeOH, and purified via pH 2 preparative HPLC (MeCN/water with TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₄₀H₄₀F₂N₇O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=720.3; found 720.4.

Example 41 (S)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-((S)-2-hydroxypropyl)-1-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

A solution of(S)-1-((7-cyano-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(1-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, 3TFA (Example 36, Step 7; 10 mg, 10.29 μmol), (S)-2-((tert-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy)propanal (5.81 mg, 0.031 mmol) and Hünig's base (5.39 μL, 0.031 mmol) in THF (0.2 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 1 h. Sodium triacetoxyborohydride (6.54 mg, 0.031 mmol) was added. After being stirred at room temperature for 2 h, 2 N HCl solution in water (0.2 mL) was added, and the reaction was stirred at 50° C. for 30 min. The reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH, and purified via pH 2 preparative HPLC (MeCN/water with TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₉H₄₂N₇O₅ (M+H)⁺: m/z=688.3; found 688.4.

Example 42 3-(((7-chloro-2-(3′-(1,5-dimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)(methyl)amino) propanoic acid

Step 1: N-(3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)-1-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide

To a solution of tert-butyl 2-((3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1,4,6,7-tetrahydro-5H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-5-carboxylate (Example 36, Step 4; 121 mg, 0.188 mmol) in DCM (1.9 ml) was slowly added trifluoroacetic acid (360 μl, 4.7 mmol) at room temperature. The mixture was stirred at this temperature for 1 h. Then the mixture was concentrated and redissovled in DCM, washed by sat. NaHCO₃ aq. solution, water. The organic phase was dried over MgSO₄, and then filtered. The filtrate was concentrated to give a crude material, which was used directly for next step. LC-MS calculated for C₃₀H₂₉ClN₅O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=542.2; found 542.2.

Step 2: N-(3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)-1,5-dimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide

A mixture of N-(3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)-1-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide and paraformaldehyde (8.5 mg, 0.28 mmol) in DCM (1.9 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 2 h. Then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (60 mg, 0.28 mmol) and acetic acid (16.0 μl, 0.28 mmol) was added. The mixture was further stirred at room temperature for 1 h. The reaction was quenched by aq. NH₄OH solution and extracted with DCM. The organic phase was dried over MgSO₄, and then filtered. The filtrate was concentrated and the crude material was used directly for next step. LC-MS calculated for C₃₁H₃₁ClN₅O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=556.2; found 556.3.

Step 3: N-(3′-(7-chloro-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)-1,5-dimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 36, Step 6 with N-(3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)-1,5-dimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide replacing tert-butyl 2-((3′-(7-cyano-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1,4,6,7-tetrahydro-5H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-5-carboxylate. LC-MS calculated for C₃₁H₂₉ClN₅O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=554.2; found 554.3.

Step 4: 3-(((7-chloro-2-(3′-(1,5-dimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)(methyl)amino) propanoic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 36, Step 7 with 3-(methylamino)propanoic acid replacing (S)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid. The reaction was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=10, acetonitrile/water+NH₄OH) to give the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₃₅H₃₈ClN₆O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=641.3; found 641.3.

Example 43 (R)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2′-chloro-2-methyl-3′-(4-(methylamino)piperidin-1-yl)biphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: 8-(3-bromo-2-chlorophenyl)-1,4-dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.5]decane

A mixture of 1,3-dibromo-2-chlorobenzene (2.20 g, 8.80 mmol), 1,4-dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.5]decane (1.260 g, 8.80 mmol), palladium(II) acetate (0.20 g, 0.88 mmol), (+)-2,2′-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphthyl (0.55 g, 0.88 mmol), and cesium carbonate (7.17 g, 22.01 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (30 mL) was placed in a vial and stirred at 90° C. for 12 hrs. The mixture was filtered through a pad of Celite and washed with EtOAc and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure to give a crude product, which was purified by column chromatography (eluting with EtOAc/Hexanes 0%-100%). LC-MS calculated for C₁₃H₁₆BrClNO₂ (M+H)⁺: m/z=332.0; found 332.1.

Step 2: (7-chloro-2-(2′-chloro-2-methyl-3′-(1,4-dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.5]decan-8-yl)biphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol

A mixture of 8-(3-bromo-2-chlorophenyl)-1,4-dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.5]decane (83 mg, 0.25 mmol), (7-chloro-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol (Example 1, Step 5; 100 mg, 0.250 mmol), sodium carbonate (53.0 mg, 0.500 mmol), and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (29 mg, 0.025 mmol) in a mixed water (500 μL) and 1,4-dioxane (4500 μL) was purged with N₂ and then stirred at 100° C. for 3 hrs. The reaction was cooled to room temperature and then diluted with EtOAc and water. The aqueous phase was extracted with EtOAc. The organic phase was dried over MgSO₄, filtered and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude material was purified by flash chromatography on a silica gel (eluting with EtOAc/Hexanes, 0-100%) to give the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₂₈H₂₇Cl₂N₂O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=525.1; found 525.1.

Step 3: 1-(2-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)piperidin-4-one

To a solution of (7-chloro-2-(2′-chloro-2-methyl-3′-(1,4-dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.5]decan-8-yl)biphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol (320 mg, 0.67 mmol) in acetone (5 mL) was added 5 mL of 1N HCl at room temperature, the mixture was stirred at 45° C. for 3 hrs. Solid NaHCO₃ was then added to quench the reaction. The mixture was extracted with EtOAc for three times. The organic phases were combined, dried over MgSO₄, filtered and the filtrate was concentrated. The residue was used directly without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₂₆H₂₃Cl₂N₂O₃ (M+H)⁺: m/z=481.1; found 481.1.

Step 4: (7-chloro-2-(2′-chloro-2-methyl-3′-(4-(methylamino)piperidin-1-yl)biphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol

A mixture of 1-(2-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)piperidin-4-one (31 mg, 0.06 mmol) and methylamine THF solution (60 μL, 0.13 mmol) in DCM (500 μL) was stirred at room temperature for 2 hrs. Then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (27 mg, 0.13 mmol) was added. The mixture was further stirred at room temperature for 3 hrs. The reaction was diluted with MeOH and concentrated and purified by column chromatography (eluting with MeOH/DCM, 0-50%). LC-MS calculated for C₂₇H₂₈Cl₂N₃O₂ (M+H)⁺: m/z=496.1; found 496.2.

Step 5: 7-chloro-2-(2′-chloro-2-methyl-3′-(4-(methylamino)piperidin-1-yl)biphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazole-5-carbaldehyde

To (7-chloro-2-(2′-chloro-2-methyl-3′-(4-(methylamino)piperidin-1-yl)biphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol (20 mg, 0.05 mmol) in DCM (2 mL) was added MnO₂ (79 mg, 0.91 mmol) in one portion at rt, and the resulting mixture was stirred at 45° C. for 20 min. The reaction was filtered and the filtrate was concentrated. The residue was used directly without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₂₇H₂₆Cl₂N₃O₂ (M+H)⁺: m/z=494.1; found 494.2.

Step 6: (R)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2′-chloro-2-methyl-3′-(4-(methylamino)piperidin-1-yl)biphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

A mixture of 7-chloro-2-(2′-chloro-2-methyl-3′-(4-(methylamino)piperidin-1-yl)biphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazole-5-carbaldehyde (10.1 mg, 0.02 mmol), triethylamine (5.41 μl, 0.039 mmol) and (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (4.47 mg, 0.039 mmol) in DCM (1129 μL) was stirred at room temperature for 2 hrs. Then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (8.23 mg, 0.039 mmol) and acetic acid (3.33 μl, 0.058 mmol) was added. The mixture was further stirred at room temperature for 1 h. The reaction was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₂H₃₅Cl₂N₄O₃ (M+H)⁺: m/z=593.2; found 593.3.

Example 44 (R)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2′-chloro-3′-(4-(cyclopropylamino)piperidin-1-yl)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 43 with cyclopropanamine replacing methylamine in Step 4. The reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₄H₃₇Cl₂N₄O₃ (M+H)⁺: m/z=619.2; found 619.2.

Example 45 (R)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2′-chloro-3′-(4-((1s,3s)-3-hydroxycyclobutylamino)piperidin-1-yl)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 43 with cis-3-aminocyclobutanol replacing methylamine in Step 4. The reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₅H₃₉Cl₂N₄O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=649.2; found 649.2.

Example 46 (R)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2′-chloro-3′-(4-((1-(hydroxymethyl)cyclobutyl)methylamino)piperidin-1-yl)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 43 with (1-(aminomethyl)cyclobutyl)methanol replacing methylamine in Step 4. The reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₇H₄₃Cl₂N₄O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=677.2; found 677.2.

Example 47 (R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(4-((1s,3s)-3-hydroxycyclobutylamino)piperidin-1-yl)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: 2-(2′-chloro-2-methyl-3′-(1,4-dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.5]decan-8-yl)biphenyl-3-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile

A mixture of (7-chloro-2-(2′-chloro-2-methyl-3′-(1,4-dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.5]decan-8-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol (Example 43, step 2: 94 mg, 0.179 mmol), [(2-di-tert-butylphosphino-2′,4′,6′-triisopropyl-1,1′-biphenyl)-2-(2′-amino-1,1′-biphenyl)]palladium(II) methanesulfonate (14.21 mg, 0.018 mmol), potassium hexacyanoferrate(II) trihydrate (113 mg, 0.268 mmol) and potassium acetate (8.78 mg, 0.089 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (2 ml)/water (2 ml) was stirred and heated at 100° C. for 1 h. After cooling to rt, the reaction was diluted with EtOAc and water, extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic phase was dried over MgSO₄ and concentrated. The crude material was used directly in the next step. LC-MS calculated for C₂₉H₂₇ClN₃O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=516.2; found 516.2.

Step 2: (R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(4-((s, 3s)-3-hydroxycyclobulylamino)piperidin-1-yl)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 43 with 2-(2′-chloro-2-methyl-3′-(1,4-dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.5]decan-8-yl)biphenyl-3-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile replacing (7-chloro-2-(2′-chloro-2-methyl-3′-(1,4-dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.5]decan-8-yl)biphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol in Step 3 and cis-3-aminocyclobutanol replacing methylamine in Step 4. The reaction mixture was purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₆H₃₉ClN₅O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=640.3; found 640.2.

Example 48 (R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(4-(ethyl(2-hydroxyethyl)amino)piperidin-1-yl)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 47 with 2-(ethylamino)ethanol replacing cis-3-aminocyclobutanol. It was purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₆H₄₁ClN₅O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=642.3; found 642.2.

Example 49 (R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(4-(ethyl((1s,3s)-3-hydroxycyclobutyl)amino)piperidin-1-yl)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

To a solution of (R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(4-((1s,3s)-3-hydroxycyclobutylamino)piperidin-1-yl)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (Example 47; 11 mg, 0.016 mmol) and acetaldehyde (3.44 mg, 0.078 mmol) in DCM (500 μL) was stirred at room temperature for 2 hrs. Then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (6.62 mg, 0.031 mmol) was added. The mixture was further stirred at room temperature for 3 hrs. The reaction was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₈H₄₃ClN₅O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=668.3; found 668.3.

Example 50 (S)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(1,5-dimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: tert-butyl 2-(3-bromo-2-chlorophenylcarbamoyl)-1-methyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate

Potassium tert-butoxide in THF (1.0 M, 3.39 mL, 3.39 mmol) was added to a solution of 5-tert-butyl 2-methyl 1-methyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2,5(4H)-dicarboxylate (Example 36, Step 2: 500 mg, 1.69 mmol) and 3-bromo-2-chloroaniline (350.0 mg, 1.69 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (12.0 mL). After stirred at room temperature for 1 h, the reaction mixture was quenched with water, and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash chromatography on a silica gel column eluting with 50% ethyl acetate in hexanes to afford the desired product. LCMS calculated for C₁₉H₂₃BrClN₄O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=469.1; found 469.1.

Step 2: N-(3-bromo-2-chlorophenyl)-1,5-dimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide

To a solution of tert-butyl 2-((3-bromo-2-chlorophenyl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1,4,6,7-tetrahydro-5H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-5-carboxylate (160 mg, 0.341 mmol) in DCM (3 mL) was added trifluoroacetic acid (0.5 mL). The solution was stirred at r.t. for 1 h. then concentrate to dryness. The residue was dissolved in DCM (2.0 mL) and ACN (1 mL) then formaldehyde (37 wt % in water, 0.2 mL) was added. The resulting mixture was stirred at r.t. for 10 min, then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (217 mg, 1.022 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was continued to stir at r.t. overnight. The reaction was quenched with sat. NH₄Cl solution, extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic phase was dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the desired product, which was used directly in the next step without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₁₅H₁₇BrClN₄O (M+H)⁺: m/z=383.0; found 383.0.

Step 3: N-(2-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d/oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-1,5-dimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-]H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide

A mixture of N-(3-bromo-2-chlorophenyl)-1,5-dimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide (150 mg, 0.391 mmol), (7-chloro-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol (Example 1, Step 5: 188 mg, 0.469 mmol), and dichloro[1,1′-bis(dicyclohexylphosphino)ferrocene]palladium(II) (17.7 mg, 0.023 mmol) in t-BuOH (5 ml) was added cesium carbonate (255 mg, 0.782 mmol) and a few drops of water. The reaction mixture was purged with nitrogen and then stirred at 100° C. for 5 hrs. After being cooled to room temperature, the reaction mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash chromatography on a silica gel column eluting with 0 to 10% methanol in DCM to afford the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₃₀H₂₈Cl₂N₅O₃ (M+H)⁺: m/z=576.2; found 576.1.

Step 4: N-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-1,5-dimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide

A mixture of N-(2-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-1,5-dimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide (140 mg, 0.24 mmol), [(2-di-tert-butylphosphino-2′,4′,6′-triisopropyl-1,1′-biphenyl)-2-(2′-amino-1,1′-biphenyl)]palladium(II) methanesulfonate (tBuXPhos Pd G3, 19.3 mg, 0.024 mmol), potassium hexacyanoferrate(II) trihydrate (103 mg, 0.24 mmol) and potassium acetate (4.8 mg, 0.049 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (3.0 mL)/water (3.0 mL) was purged with nitrogen and then stirred at 100° C. for 1 h. After being cooled to room temperature, the reaction was extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic phases was dried over Na₂SO₄ and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude was used directly in the next step without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₃₁H₂₈ClN₆O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=567.2; found 567.2.

Step 5: N-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-, 5-dimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide

To a stirred solution of N-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-1,5-dimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide (140.0 mg, 0.247 mmol) in DCM (3.0 ml) was added sodium bicarbonate (207 mg, 2.47 mmol) and dess-martin periodinane (157 mg, 0.370 mmol). The resulted mixture was stirred at rt for 2 hrs, then filtered. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was used in the next step directly without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₃₁H₂₆ClN₆O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=565.2; found 565.1.

Step 6: (S)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(1,5-dimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

To a solution of N-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-1,5-dimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide (65 mg, 0.115 mmol) in DCM (1 ml) was added (S)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (66.2 mg, 0.575 mmol) and DIEA (0.161 ml, 0.920 mmol). The mixture was stirred at r.t. for 60 min, then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (73.1 mg, 0.345 mmol) was added. The resulting mixture was stirred at r.t. overnight then concentrated. The residue was purified via prep-HPLC (pH=2, MeCN/water with TFA) to give the desired product as the TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₆H₃₅ClN₇O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=664.2; found 664.2.

Example 51 (S)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(1,5-dimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)-2′-fluoro-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedure as described for Example 50 with 3-bromo-2-fluoroaniline replacing 3-bromo-2-chloroaniline in Step 1. It was purified via pH 2 preparative HPLC (MeCN/water with TFA) to give the desired product as its TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₆H₃₅FN₇O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=648.2; found 648.3.

Example 52 (S)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(1,5-dimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)piperidine-2-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedure as described for Example 50 with (S)-piperidine-2-carboxylic acid replacing (S)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid in Step 6. It was purified via pH 2 preparative HPLC (MeCN/water with TFA) to give the desired product as its TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₇H₃₇ClN₇O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=678.3; found 678.2.

Example 53 (R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(1,5-dimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedure as described for Example 50 with (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid replacing (S)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid in Step 6. It was purified via pH 2 preparative HPLC (MeCN/water with TFA) to give the desired product as its TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₆H₃₅ClN₇O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=664.2; found 664.2.

Example 54 (S)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-2-methyl-3′-(5-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridin-2-yl)biphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: tert-butyl 2-(3-bromo-2-chlorophenyl)-6,7-dihydro-2H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate

A mixture of tert-butyl 1,4,6,7-tetrahydro-5H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxylate (150 mg, 0.672 mmol; Astatech, cat#SC2911), potassium phosphate tribasic (428 mg, 2.015 mmol), 1,3-dibromo-2-chlorobenzene (363 mg, 1.344 mmol), and copper(I) iodide (12.79 mg, 0.067 mmol) was degassed and backfilled with N₂ three times. To the mixture was added trans-N,N′-dimethylcyclohexane-1,2-diamine (42.4 μl, 0.134 mmol) and toluene (2.2 mL). Then the mixture was allowed to stir at 110° C. overnight. The mixture was cooled to room temperature, filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified on silica gel column eluting with 0-80% EtOAc in Hexanes to give desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₁₇H₂₀BrClN₃O₂(M+H)⁺: m/z=414.0; found 414.0.

Step 2: 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile

A mixture of (7-chloro-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol (Example 1, Step 5: 40 mg, 0.100 mmol), [(2-di-tert-butylphosphino-2′,4′,6′-triisopropyl-1,1′-biphenyl)-2-(2′-amino-1,1′-biphenyl)]palladium(II) methanesulfonate (15.89 mg, 0.020 mmol), potassium hexacyanoferrate(II) trihydrate (42.3 mg, 0.100 mmol) and potassium acetate (3.93 mg, 0.040 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (0.5 mL) and water (0.5 mL) was purged with N₂ and heated at 100° C. for 1 h. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was used directly in next step without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₂₂H₂₄BN₂O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=391.2; found: 391.2.

Step 3: tert-butyl 2-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-6,7-dihydro-2H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate

(1,1′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene)-dichloropalladium(II) (7.32 mg, 10.00 μmol) was added to a mixture of 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile (0.039 g, 0.100 mmol), tert-butyl 2-(3-bromo-2-chlorophenyl)-2,4,6,7-tetrahydro-5H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxylate (0.041 g, 0.10 mmol) and sodium carbonate (0.021 g, 0.200 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (0.278 ml) and water (0.056 ml). The mixture was purged with N₂ and heated at 90° C. for 2 h. The mixture was concentrated and diluted with EtOAc and washed with water. The organic layer was dried over Na₂SO₄ and concentrated under reduce pressure. The residue was used in next step without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₃₃H₃₁ClN₅O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=596.2; found 596.3.

Step 4: tert-butyl 2-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-6,7-dihydro-2H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate

Dess-Martin periodinane (0.064 g, 0.150 mmol) was added to a DCM (0.33 mL) solution of tert-butyl 2-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-2,4,6,7-tetrahydro-5H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxylate (0.060 g, 0.1 mmol) and sodium bicarbonate (0.025 g, 0.300 mmol) at room temperature. After 1 h, the mixture was concentrated and purified by silica gel column eluting with 0 to 80% EtOAc in hexanes. LC-MS calculated for C₃₃H₂₉ClN₅O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=594.2; found 594.2.

Step 5: (S)-1-((2-(3′-(5-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2′-chloro-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

A mixture of tert-butyl 2-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-2,4,6,7-tetrahydro-5H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxylate (15 mg, 0.025 mmol) and (S)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (5.81 mg, 0.050 mmol), hunig's base (8.82 μl, 0.050 mmol) in DCM (252 μl) was allowed to stir at room temperature for 2 h. Then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (8.03 mg, 0.038 mmol) was added to the mixture. The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 h then it was diluted with DCM and washed with water and back extracted with DCM/iPrOH. The organic layers were combined and dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated and the residue was used in next step without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₃₈H₃₈ClN₆O₅(M+H)⁺: m/z=693.3; found 693.3.

Step 6: (S)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-2-methyl-3′-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridin-2-yl)biphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

TFA (0.5 mL) was added to a DCM (1 mL) solution of (S)-1-((2-(3′-(5-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2′-chloro-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (14 mg, 0.025 mmol) at room temperature. After 1 h, the mixture was concentrated and used in next step without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₃₃H₃₀ClN₆O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=593.2; found 593.1.

Step 7: (S)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-2-methyl-3′-(5-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridin-2-yl)biphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

A mixture of(S)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-2-methyl-3′-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridin-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (10 mg, 0.017 mmol) and formaldehyde 37% w/w in water (1.013 mg, 0.034 mmol) in DCM (169 μl) was allowed to stir for 2 h. Then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (7.0 mg, 0.034 mmol) was added to the mixture. After 2 h, the mixture was concentrated and diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₄H₃₂ClN₆O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=607.2; found 607.3.

Example 55 (R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-2-methyl-3′-(5-methyl-5,6-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazol-2(4H)-yl)biphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: (R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(5,6-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazol-2(4H)-yl)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar method in Example 54, Step 1-6 with tert-butyl 4,6-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazole-5(1H)-carboxylate (Astatech, cat#35882) replacing tert-butyl 1,4,6,7-tetrahydro-5H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxylate in Step 1 and with (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid replacing (S)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid in Step 5. LC-MS calculated for C₃₂H₂₈ClN₆O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=579.2; found 579.1.

Step 2: (R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-2-methyl-3′-(5-methyl-5,6-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazol-2(4H)-yl)biphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar method in Example 54, Step 7 with (R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(5,6-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazol-2(4H)-yl)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid replacing (S)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-2-methyl-3′-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridin-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid. It was purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₃H₃₀ClN₆O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=593.2; found 593.2.

Example 56 (R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(5-isopropyl-5,6-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazol-2(4H)-yl)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar method in Example 55 with acetone replacing formaldehyde in Step 2. It was purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₅H₃₄ClN₆O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=621.2; found 621.2.

Example 57 (R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-2-methyl-3′-(6-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)biphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar method in Example 54 with tert-butyl 1,4,5,7-tetrahydro-6H-pyrazolo[3,4-c]pyridine-6-carboxylate (Astatech, cat#79248) replacing tert-butyl 1,4,6,7-tetrahydro-5H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxylate in Step 1. It was purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₄H₃₂ClN₆O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=607.3; found 607.3.

Example 58 (R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(6-ethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar method in Example 57 with acetaldehyde replacing formaldehyde. It was purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₅H₃₄ClN₆O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=621.2; found 621.2.

Example 59 (R)-1-((7-chloro-2-(3′-(5-isopropyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: (2-(3′-bromo-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-7-chlorobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol

To a solution of (7-chloro-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol (Example 1, Step 5: 11.3 g, 28.4 mmol) and 1,3-dibromo-2-methylbenzene (14.17 g, 56.7 mmol) in H₂O (30 mL) and 1,4-dioxane (120 ml) was added Na₂CO₃ (6.01 g, 56.7 mmol) and PdCl₂(dppf)-CH₂Cl₂ adduct (2.316 g, 2.84 mmol). The resulted mixture was stirred in a closed vial flushed with nitrogen at 100° C. for 1.5 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated, followed by extraction with dichloromethane (25 mL×3). The combined organic layers were dried Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated. The crude product was added to a silica gel column and was eluted with ethyl acetate/dichloromethane from 0% to 40% to give (2-(3′-bromo-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-7-chlorobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol (10.2 g, 23.0 mmol, 81% yield). LC-MS calculated for C₂₂H₁₈BrClNO₂ (M+H)⁺: m/z=442.0; found 442.1.

Step 2: (7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol

(2-(3′-bromo-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-7-chlorobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol (6.52 g, 14.7 mmol) was dissolved in dioxane (14.7 mL) to give a pale yellow solution. B₂Pin₂ (4.49 g, 17.7 mmol), potassium acetate (2.89 g, 29.5 mmol) and PdCl₂(dppf)-CH₂Cl₂ adduct (1.20 g, 1.47 mmol) were added to the reaction mixture. The reaction mixture was heated to 100° C. After 12 h, saturated NaHCO₃(25 mL) was added to the reaction mixture followed by extraction with dichloromethane (25 mL×3). The combined organic layers were dried Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated. The crude product was added to a silica gel column and was eluted with ethyl acetate/hexane from 0% to 60% to give (7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol (6.33 g, 12.9 mmol, 88% yield) as a yellow foam. LC-MS calculated for C₂₈H₃₀BClNO₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=490.2; found 490.1.

Step 3: tert-butyl 2-(3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-6,7-dihydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate

(7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol (2.98 g, 6.08 mmol), tert-butyl 2-bromo-6,7-dihydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate (AstaTech, cat#AB1021: 2.33 g, 7.29 mmol), Na₂CO₃ (1.29 g, 12.2 mmol) and PdCl₂(dppf)-CH₂Cl₂ adduct (496 mg, 0.608 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (60 ml) and water (15 mL) were stirred in a closed vial flushed with nitrogen at 100° C. for 1 h. Saturated NaHCO₃ (50 mL) was added to the reaction mixture followed by extraction with dichloromethane (25 mL×4). The combined organic layers were dried Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated. The crude product was added to a silica gel column and was eluted with ethyl acetate/hexane from 0% to 60% to give tert-butyl 2-(3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-6,7-dihydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate (1.80 g, 2.99 mmol, 49.2% yield) as a yellow oil. LC-MS calculated for C₃₃H₃₃ClN₃O₄S (M+H)⁺: m/z=602.2; found 602.1.

Step 4: tert-butyl 2-(3′-(7-chloro-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-6,7-dihydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate

To a solution of tert-butyl 2-(3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-6,7-dihydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-5 (4H)-carboxylate (222 mg, 0.368 mmol) in DCM (3 mL) was added Dess-Martin periodinane (234 mg, 0.552 mmol). After 1 h, saturated NaHCO₃ (5 mL) was added to the reaction mixture followed by extraction with dichloromethane (5 mL×3). The combined organic layers were dried Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated. The crude product was added to a silica gel column and was eluted with ethyl acetate/hexane from 0% to 30% to give tert-butyl 2-(3′-(7-chloro-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-6,7-dihydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate (143 mg, 0.238 mmol, 64.7% yield). LC-MS calculated for C₃₃H₃₁ClN₃O₄S (M+H)⁺: m/z=600.2; found 600.1.

Step 5: (R)-1-((2-(3′-(5-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-7-chlorobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

To a solution of tert-butyl 2-(3′-(7-chloro-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-6,7-dihydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate (70 mg, 0.117 mmol) in DMF (1.2 mL) was added (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (40.2 mg, 0.350 mmol). After 1 h, sodium cyanoborohydride (15 mg, 0.233 mmol) was added to the reaction mixture. After 2 h, saturated NaHCO₃ (5 mL) was added followed by extraction with dichloromethane (5 mL×4). The combined organic layers were dried Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated. The crude product was used directly in the next step. LC-MS calculated for C₃₈H₄₀ClN₄O₅S (M+H)⁺: m/z=699.2; found 699.3.

Step 6: (R)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

To a solution of (R)-1-((2-(3′-(5-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-7-chlorobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (82 mg, 0.117 mmol) in DCM (1 mL) was added TFA (0.5 mL). After 2 h, the reaction mixture was concentrated, and then the crude product was used directly in the next step. LC-MS calculated for C₃₃H₃₂ClN₄O₃S (M+H)⁺: m/z=599.2; found 599.3.

Step 7: (R)-1-((7-chloro-2-(3′-(5-isopropyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

In a 1 dram vial (R)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (50 mg, 0.083 mmol) was dissolved in DCM (417 μl) to give a yellow solution. Acetone (30.6 μl, 0.417 mmol) and DIPEA (29.2 μl, 0.167 mmol) were added to the reaction mixture. After 1 h, sodium triacetoxyborohydride (88 mg, 0.417 mmol) was added to the reaction mixture. After 5 h, the reaction mixture was concentrated. The reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as the TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₆H₃₈ClN₄O₃S (M+H)⁺: m/z=641.2; found 641.3. ¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.16 (dd, J=7.9, 1.2 Hz, 1H), 8.02 (d, J=1.1 Hz, 1H), 7.78 (d, J=1.2 Hz, 1H), 7.67 (dd, J=7.8, 1.1 Hz, 1H), 7.56 (t, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 7.46 (m, 2H), 7.32 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 1H), 4.77-4.68 (m, 2H), 4.54 (s, 2H), 3.85-3.12 (m, 10H), 2.43 (s, 3H), 2.18 (s, 3H), 2.05 (s, 2H), 1.36 (s, 3H), 1.35 (s, 3H).

Example 60 (R)-1-((7-chloro-2-(3′-(5-ethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 59 with acetaldehyde replacing acetone in Step 7. The reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as the TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₅H₃₆ClN₄O₃S (M+H)⁺: m/z=627.2; found 627.3.

Example 61 (R)-1-((7-chloro-2-(3′-(5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: (R)-1-((2-(3′-(5-(2-((tert-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy)ethyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-7-chlorobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 59 with (tert-Butyldimethylsilyloxy)acetaldehyde (Aldrich, cat#449458) replacing acetone in Step 7. The reaction mixture was concentrated, and then the crude product was used directly in the next step. LC-MS calculated for C₄₁H₅₀ClN₄O₄SSi (M+H)⁺: m/z=757.2; found 757.3.

Step 2: (R)-1-((7-chloro-2-(3′-(5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

(R)-1-((2-(3′-(5-(2-((tert-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy)ethyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-7-chlorobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (20 mg, 0.031 mmol) was dissolved in THF (1 mL), then treated with 1N HCl (0.1 mL). After 2 h, the reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as the TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₅H₃₆ClN₄O₄S (M+H)⁺: m/z=643.2; found 643.2. ¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 10.37 (br, 1H), 8.16 (d, J=6.7 Hz, 1H), 8.02 (d, J=1.1 Hz, 1H), 7.78 (d, J=1.2 Hz, 1H), 7.69 (d, J=6.7 Hz, 1H), 7.56 (t, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 7.48-7.42 (m, 2H), 7.32 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 1H), 4.88-4.33 (m, 2H), 4.53 (s, 2H), 3.83 (t, J=5.2 Hz, 2H), 3.68-2.99 (m, 13H), 2.42 (s, 3H), 2.19 (s, 3H).

Example 62 (3R)-1-((7-chloro-2-(3′-(5-(1-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: (3R)-1-((2-(3′-(5-(1-acetoxypropan-2-yl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-7-chlorobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 59 with acetoxyacetone (Alfa Aesar, cat# H₃₁₃₄₆) replacing acetone in Step 7. The reaction mixture was concentrated, and then the crude product was used directly in the next step. LC-MS calculated for C₃₈H₄₀ClN₄O₅S (M+H)⁺: m/z=699.2; found 699.3.

Step 2: (3R)-1-((7-chloro-2-(3′-(5-(1-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

(3R)-1-((2-(3′-(5-(1-acetoxypropan-2-yl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-7-chlorobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (20 mg, 0.031 mmol) was dissolved in dioxane (1 mL), then treated with 1N NaOH (0.1 mL). After 2 h, the reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as the TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₆H₃₈ClN₄O₄S (M+H)⁺: m/z=657.2; found 657.2.

Example 63 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-isopropyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: tert-butyl 2-(3′-(7-cyano-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-6,7-dihydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate

In a 4 dram vial tert-butyl 2-(3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-6,7-dihydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate (Example 59, Step 3; 900 mg, 1.50 mmol) and potassium ferrocyanide(II) hydrate (947 mg, 2.24 mmol) were dissolved in 1,4-dioxane (10 ml) and water (4.5 ml). Potassium acetate (367 mg, 3.74 mmol) and [(2-di-tert-butylphosphino-2′,4′,6′-triisopropyl-1,1′-biphenyl)-2-(2′-amino-1,1′-biphenyl)]palladium(II) methanesulfonate (119 mg, 0.15 mmol) were added to the reaction mixture. The reaction mixture was heated to 100° C. After 2 h, saturated NaHCO₃ (15 mL) was added to the reaction mixture followed by extraction with dichloromethane (10 mL×4). The combined organic layers were dried Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated. The crude product was added to a silica gel column and was eluted with ethyl acetate/hexane from 10% to 60% to give tert-butyl 2-(3′-(7-cyano-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-6,7-dihydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate (702 mg, 1.18 mmol, 79% yield) as a yellow oil. LC-MS calculated for C₃₄H₃₃N₄O₄S (M+H)⁺: m/z=593.2; found 593.1.

Step 2: tert-butyl 2-(3′-(7-cyano-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-6,7-dihydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate

To a solution of tert-butyl 2-(3′-(7-cyano-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-6,7-dihydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate (150 mg, 0.253 mmol) in DCM (2 mL) was added Dess-Martin periodinane (161 mg, 0.380 mmol). After 1 h, saturated NaHCO₃ (5 mL) was added to the reaction mixture followed by extraction with dichloromethane (5 mL×3). The combined organic layers were dried Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated. The crude product was used for next step without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₃₄H₃₁N₄O₄S (M+H)⁺: m/z=591.2; found 591.3.

Step 3: (R)-1-((2-(3′-(5-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

To a solution of tert-butyl 2-(3′-(7-cyano-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-6,7-dihydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate (150 mg, 0.253 mmol) and DIPEA (20 uL) in DCM (3 mL) was added (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (116 mg, 1.01 mmol). After 1 h, sodium triacetoxyborohydride (268 mg, 1.26 mmol) was added to the reaction mixture. After 2 h, saturated NaHCO₃(5 mL) was added followed by extraction with dichloromethane (5 mL×4). The combined organic layers were dried Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated. The crude product was used directly in the next step. LC-MS calculated for C₃₉H₄₀N₅O₅S (M+H)⁺: m/z=690.2; found 690.3.

Step 4: (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

To a solution of (R)-1-((2-(3′-(5-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (175 mg, 0.253 mmol) was dissolved in DCM (2 mL) was added TFA (0.5 mL). After 2 h, the reaction mixture was concentrated, and then the crude product was used directly in the next step. LC-MS calculated for C₃₄H₃₂N₅O₃S (M+H)⁺: m/z=590.2; found 590.3.

Step 5: (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-isopropyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

In a 1 dram vial (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (50 mg, 0.083 mmol) was dissolved in DCM (500 μl) to give a yellow solution. Acetone (30.6 μl, 0.417 mmol) and DIPEA (29.2 μl, 0.167 mmol) were added to the reaction mixture. After 1 h, sodium triacetoxyborohydride (88 mg, 0.417 mmol) was added to the reaction mixture. After 5 h, the reaction mixture was concentrated. The reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as the TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₇H₃₈N₅O₃S (M+H)⁺: m/z=632.2; found 632.3. ¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 10.42 (br, 1H), 8.38 (d, J=1.3 Hz, 1H), 8.20 (dd, J=7.9, 1.2 Hz, 1H), 8.13 (d, J=1.4 Hz, 1H), 7.70-7.65 (m, 1H), 7.58 (t, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 7.49-7.43 (m, 2H), 7.35-7.29 (m, 1H), 4.78-4.47 (m, 2H), 4.57 (s, 2H), 3.86-3.08 (m, 10H), 2.44 (s, 3H), 2.29-2.00 (m, 2H), 2.18 (s, 3H), 1.36 (s, 3H), 1.35 (s, 3H).

Example 64 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(cyclopropylmethyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 63 with cyclopropanecarbaldehyde replacing acetone in Step 5. The reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as the TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₈H₃₈N₅O₃S (M+H)⁺: m/z=644.2; found 644.3.

Example 65 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: (R)-1-((2-(3′-(5-(2-((tert-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy)ethyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 63 with (tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)acetaldehyde (Aldrich, cat#449458) replacing acetone in Step 5. The reaction mixture was concentrated, and then the crude product was used directly in the next step. LC-MS calculated for C₄₂H₅₀N₅O₄SSi (M+H)⁺: m/z=748.2; found 748.3.

Step 2: (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

(R)-1-((2-(3′-(5-(2-((tert-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy)ethyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (20 mg, 0.031 mmol) was dissolved in THF (1 mL), then treated with 1N HCl (0.1 mL). After 2 h, the reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as the TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₆H₃₆N₅O₄S (M+H)⁺: m/z=634.2; found 634.2. ¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 10.41 (br, 1H), 8.39 (d, J=1.3 Hz, 1H), 8.21-8.18 (m, 1H), 8.12 (d, J=1.4 Hz, 1H), 7.72-7.67 (m, 1H), 7.58 (t, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 7.51-7.42 (m, 2H), 7.32 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 1H), 4.86-4.45 (m, 2H), 4.57 (s, 2H), 3.83 (t, J=5.2 Hz, 2H), 3.71-3.07 (m, 11H), 2.43 (s, 3H), 2.40-2.00 (m, 5H).

Example 66 (3R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(1-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: (3R)-1-((2-(3′-(5-(1-acetoxypropan-2-yl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 63 with acetoxyacetone (Alfa Aesar, cat# H31346) replacing acetone in Step 5. The reaction mixture was concentrated, and then the crude product was used directly in the next step. LC-MS calculated for C₃₉H₄₀N₅O₅S (M+H)⁺: m/z=690.2; found 690.3.

Step 2: (3R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(1-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

(3R)-1-((2-(3′-(5-(1-acetoxypropan-2-yl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (20 mg, 0.031 mmol) was dissolved in dioxane (1 mL), then treated with 1N NaOH (0.1 mL). After 2 h, the reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as the TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₇H₃₈N₅O₄S (M+H)⁺: m/z=648.2; found 648.2.

Example 67 (S)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step: (S)-1-((2-(3′-(5-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

To a solution of tert-butyl 2-(3′-(7-cyano-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-6,7-dihydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-5 (4H)-carboxylate (Example 63, Step 2; 150 mg, 0.253 mmol) and DIPEA (20 uL) in DCM (3 mL) was added (S)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (116 mg, 1.01 mmol). After 1 h, sodium triacetoxyborohydride (268 mg, 1.26 mmol) was added to the reaction mixture. After 2 h, saturated NaHCO₃(5 mL) was added followed by extraction with dichloromethane (5 mL×4). The combined organic layers were dried Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated. The crude product was used directly in the next step. LC-MS calculated for C₃₉H₄₀N₅O₅S (M+H)⁺: m/z=690.2; found 690.3.

Step 2: (S)-1-((7-cyano-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

To a solution of (S)-1-((2-(3′-(5-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (175 mg, 0.253 mmol) was dissolved in DCM (2 mL) was added TFA (0.5 mL). After 2 h, the reaction mixture was concentrated, and then the crude product was used directly in the next step. LC-MS calculated for C₃₄H₃₂N₅O₃S (M+H)⁺: m/z=590.2; found 590.3.

Step 3: (S)-1-((2-(3′-(5-(2-((tert-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy)ethyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

In a 1 dram vial (S)-1-((7-cyano-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (50 mg, 0.083 mmol) was dissolved in DCM (417 μl) to give a yellow solution. (tert-Butyldimethylsilyloxy)acetaldehyde (Aldrich, cat#449458: 30.6 μl, 0.417 mmol) and DIPEA (29.2 μl, 0.167 mmol) were added to the reaction mixture. After 1 h, sodium triacetoxyborohydride (88 mg, 0.417 mmol) was added to the reaction mixture. After 5 h, the reaction mixture was concentrated, and then the crude product was used directly in the next step. LC-MS calculated for C₄₂H₅₀N₅O₄SSi (M+H)⁺: m/z=748.3; found 748.3.

Step 4: (S)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

(S)-1-((2-(3′-(5-(2-((tert-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy)ethyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (20 mg, 0.031 mmol) was dissolved in THF (1 mL), then treated with 1N HCl (0.1 mL). After 2 h, the reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as the TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₆H₃₆N₅O₄S (M+H)⁺: m/z=634.2; found 634.2.

Example 68 1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)azetidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: 1-((2-(3′-(5-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)azetidine-3-carboxylic acid

To a solution of tert-butyl 2-(3′-(7-cyano-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-6,7-dihydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-5 (4H)-carboxylate (Example 63, Step 2; 150 mg, 0.253 mmol) and DIPEA (20 uL) in DCM (3 mL) was added azetidine-3-carboxylic acid (116 mg, 1.01 mmol). After 1 h, sodium triacetoxyborohydride (268 mg, 1.26 mmol) was added to the reaction mixture. After 2 h, saturated NaHCO₃(5 mL) was added followed by extraction with dichloromethane (5 mL×4). The combined organic layers were dried Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated. The crude product was used directly in the next step. LC-MS calculated for C₃₈H₃₈N₅O₅S (M+H)⁺: m/z=676.2; found 676.3.

Step 2: 1-((7-cyano-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)azetidine-3-carboxylic acid

To a solution of 1-((2-(3′-(5-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)azetidine-3-carboxylic acid (175 mg, 0.253 mmol) was dissolved in DCM (2 mL) was added TFA (0.5 mL). After 2 h, the reaction mixture was concentrated, and then the crude product was used directly in the next step. LC-MS calculated for C₃₃H₃₀N₅O₃S (M+H)⁺: m/z=576.2; found 576.3.

Step 3: 1-((2-(3′-(5-(2-((tert-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy)ethyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)azetidine-3-carboxylic acid

In a 1 dram vial 1-((7-cyano-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)azetidine-3-carboxylic acid (50 mg, 0.083 mmol) was dissolved in DCM (417 μl) to give a yellow solution. (tert-Butyldimethylsilyloxy)acetaldehyde (Aldrich, cat#449458: 30.6 μl, 0.417 mmol) and DIPEA (29.2 μl, 0.167 mmol) were added to the reaction mixture. After 1 h, sodium triacetoxyborohydride (88 mg, 0.417 mmol) was added to the reaction mixture. After 5 h, the reaction mixture was concentrated, and then the crude product was used directly in the next step. LC-MS calculated for C₄₁H₄₈N₅O₄SSi (M+H)⁺: m/z=734.2; found 734.3.

Step 4: 1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)azetidine-3-carboxylic acid

1-((2-(3′-(5-(2-((tert-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy)ethyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)azetidine-3-carboxylic acid (20 mg, 0.031 mmol) was dissolved in THF (1 mL), then treated with 1N HCl (0.1 mL). After 2 h, the reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as the TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₅H₃₄N₅O₄S (M+H)⁺: m/z=620.2; found 620.2.

Example 69 (R)-1-((2-(2-chloro-2′-methyl-3′-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: 3-bromo-2-chlorobenzaldehyde

To a solution of (3-bromo-2-chlorophenyl)methanol (AstaTech, cat# CL8936: 2.20 g, 10 mmol) in DCM (50 mL) was added Dess-Martin periodinane (5.02 g, 12 mmol). After 1 h, saturated NaHCO₃(50 mL) was added to the reaction mixture followed by extraction with dichloromethane (25 mL×3). The combined organic layers were dried Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated. The crude product was added to a silica gel column and was eluted with 0 to 30% EtOAc/Hexanes to give the desired product (1.76 g, 80%). LC-MS calculated for C₇H₅BrClO (M+H)⁺: m/z=220.9; found 221.0.

Step 2: methyl 2-(3-bromo-2-chlorophenyl)-7-chlorobenzo[d]oxazole-5-carboxylate

A mixture of methyl 3-amino-5-chloro-4-hydroxybenzoate (Example 1, Step 2; 1.04 g, 5.16 mmol), 3-bromo-2-chlorobenzaldehyde (0.98 g, 4.92 mmol) in EtOH (25 ml) was placed in a vial and stirred at room temperature for 1 h. The mixture was then concentrated. The residue was redissovled in methylene chloride (25 mL) and dichlorodicyanoquinone (1.12 g, 4.92 mmol) was added. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. The reaction was diluted with methylene chloride and washed with an aqueous Na₂S₂O₃ solution and NaHCO₃ solution. The organic phase was dried over MgSO₄, filtered and the filtrate was concentrated. The crude residue was used directly without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₁₅H₉BrCl₂NO₃ (M+H)⁺: m/z=401.9; found 401.9.

Step 3: (2-(3-bromo-2-chlorophenyl)-7-chlorobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol

To a solution of methyl 2-(3-bromo-2-chlorophenyl)-7-chlorobenzo[d]oxazole-5-carboxylate (0.030 g, 0.075 mmol) in THF (0.5 mL) was added DIBAL-H (0.187 ml, 0.187 mmol) at 0° C. After 1 h, saturated Rochelle's salt (2 mL) was added to the reaction mixture followed by extraction with ethyl acetate (5 mL×3). The combined organic layers were dried Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated. The organic layers were combined, dried over Na₂SO₄, concentrated, and purified by flash chromatography on a silica gel column eluting with 0 to 60% EtOAc/hexanes to give the desired product as a yellow solid. LC-MS calculated for C₁₄H₉BrCl₂NO₂ (M+H)⁺: m/z=373.9; found 374.0.

Step 4: tert-butyl 2-(3-chloro-2-methylphenyl)-6,7-dihydro[1,3]thiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate

To a solution of (3-chloro-2-methylphenyl)boronic acid (Combi-blocks, cat#BB-2035: 64 mg, 0.38 mmol), tert-butyl 2-bromo-6,7-dihydro[1,3]thiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate (AstaTech, cat#AB1021: 100 mg, 0.31 mmol) and sodium carbonate (100 mg, 0.94 mmol) in tert-butyl alcohol (3.2 mL) and water (2 mL) was added Pd-127 (47 mg, 0.063 mmol). The resulting mixture was purged with N₂, then heated at 105° C. for 2 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with methylene chloride, washed with sat'd NaHCO₃, water and brine. The organic layer was dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified by flash chromatography on a silica gel column eluting with 0 to 40% ethyl acetate in hexanes to give the desired product (114 mg, 83%). LC-MS calculated for C₁₈H₂₂ClN₂O₂S (M+H)⁺: m/z=365.1; found 365.2.

Step 5: tert-butyl 2-[2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl]-6,7-dihydro[1,3]thiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate

A mixture of tert-butyl 2-(3-chloro-2-methylphenyl)-6,7-dihydro[1,3]thiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate (95 mg, 0.26 mmol), 4,4,5,5,4′,4′,5′,5′-octamethyl-[2,2′]bi[[1,3,2]dioxaborolanyl] (200 mg, 0.78 mmol), palladium acetate (2.5 mg, 0.014 mmol), K₃PO₄ (170 mg, 0.78 mmol) and 2-(dicyclohexylphosphino)-2′,6′-dimethoxy-1,1′-biphenyl (11 mg, 0.026 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (1 mL) was degassed and stirred at r.t. for 3 d. The reaction mixture was diluted with methylene chloride, washed with sat'd NaHCO₃, water and brine. The organic layer was dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified by flash chromatography on a silica gel column eluting with 0 to 5% ethyl acetate in methylene chloride to give the desired product (108 mg, 90%). LC-MS calculated for C₂₄H₃₄BN₂O₄S (M+H)⁺: m/z=457.2; found 457.2.

Step 6: tert-butyl 2-(2′-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-6,7-dihydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate

In a nitrogen flushed 4 dram vial tert-butyl 2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)-6,7-dihydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate (28 mg, 0.037 mmol) and (2-(3-bromo-2-chlorophenyl)-7-chlorobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol (14 mg, 0.037 mmol) were dissolved in tBuOH (500 μl) and water (200 μl) to give a yellow solution. Na₂CO₃ (10 mg, 0.092 mmol) and Pd-127 (3 mg, 3.69 μmol) were added to the reaction mixture in one portion. The reaction mixture was heated to 90° C. After 1 h, the reaction mixture was cooled to r.t. Saturated NaHCO₃ (volume) was added to the reaction mixture followed by extraction with ethyl acetate (5 mL×3). The combined organic layers were dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated. The crude product was used without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₃₂H₃₀Cl₂N₃O₄S (M+H)⁺: m/z=622.1; found 622.1.

Step 7: tert-butyl 2-(2′-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-6,7-dihydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate

To a solution of tert-butyl 2-(2′-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-6,7-dihydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate (23 mg, 0.037 mmol) in DCM (3 mL) was added Dess-Martin periodinane (23 mg, 0.055 mmol). After 1 h, saturated NaHCO₃(5 mL) was added to the reaction mixture followed by extraction with dichloromethane (5 mL×3). The combined organic layers were dried Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated. The crude product was added to a silica gel column and was eluted with ethyl acetate/hexane from 0% to 30% to give tert-butyl 2-(3′-(7-chloro-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-6,7-dihydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate (14 mg, 0.024 mmol, 64.7% yield). LC-MS calculated for C₃₂H₂₈Cl₂N₃O₄S (M+H)⁺: m/z=620.2; found 620.1.

Step 8: (R)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2-chloro-2′-methyl-3′-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

To a solution of tert-butyl 2-(2′-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-6,7-dihydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate (70 mg, 0.117 mmol) in DMF (1.2 mL) was added (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (40.2 mg, 0.350 mmol). After 1 h, sodium cyanoborohydride (15 mg, 0.233 mmol) was added to the reaction mixture. After 2 h, the reaction mixture was diluted with DCM (1 mL) and treated with TFA (0.5 mL). After 2 h, the reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as the TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₂H₂₉Cl₂N₄O₃S (M+H)⁺: m/z=619.2; found 619.3.

Step 9: (R)-1-((2-(2-chloro-2′-methyl-3′-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-ylmethyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

In a 1 dram vial (R)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2-chloro-2′-methyl-3′-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (5 mg, 8.07 μmol) and potassium ferrocyanide(II) hydrate (2.211 μl, 9.68 μmol) were dissolved in 1,4-dioxane (500 μl) and water (200 μl). Potassium acetate (8 mg, 50 μmol) and tBuXPhos Pd G3 (1.2 mg, 1.6 μmol) were added to the reaction mixture. The reaction mixture was heated to 100° C. After 2 h, the reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as the TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₃H₂₉ClN₅O₃S (M+H)⁺: m/z=610.2; found 610.3.

Example 70 (R)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: tert-butyl 2-(3′-(7-chloro-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-6,7-dihydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate

To a microwave vial was added tert-butyl 2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)-6,7-dihydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate (Example 69, Step 5: 50 mg, 0.110 mmol), 2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-7-chlorobenzo[d]oxazole-5-carbaldehyde (Example 10, Step 1; 38.4 mg, 0.110 mmol), (1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene)-dichloropalladium(II) (8.02 mg, 10.96 μmol), sodium carbonate (23.22 mg, 0.219 mmol, 1,4-dioxane (5.0 ml) and water (1.0 ml). The mixture was purged with N₂ and heated at 90° C. for 2 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and then diluted with EtOAc and water. The aqueous phase was extracted with EtOAc. The organic phase was dried over MgSO₄, filtered and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude material was purified by flash chromatography (eluting with EtOAc/Hexanes, 0-100%) to give the desired product (43 mg, 65%). LC-MS calculated for C₃₃H₃₁ClN₃O₄S (M+H)⁺: m/z=600.2; found 600.2.

Step 2: (R)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

To a mixture of tert-butyl 2-(3′-(7-chloro-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-3a,6,7,7a-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate (22 mg, 0.037 mmol) (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (4.2 mg, 0.037 mmol) in DCM (1.0 ml) was added sodium triacetoxyborohydride (7.7 mg, 0.037 mmol) at room temperature. After stirring at room temperature overnight, the reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA). After removing solvent, the residue was treated with 1:1 TFA/DCM (2 mL) for 1 h. The solvent was removed in vacuo. The residue was purified with prep LCMS (pH 2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₃H₃₂ClN₄O₃S (M+H)⁺: m/z=599.2; found 599.2. ¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) δ 8.14 (m, 1H), 7.73 (d, J=1.0 Hz, 1H), 7.65 (m, 1H), 7.58-7.48 (m, 2H), 7.42 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.30-7.24 (m, 1H), 3.97 (s, 2H), 3.72 (m, 2H), 3.04 (m, 2H), 2.95 (m, 1H), 2.79-2.62 (m, 4H), 2.60-2.48 (m, 2H), 2.43 (s, 3H), 2.19 (s, 3H), 1.98 (m, 2H).

Example 71 (R)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(5-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

To a mixture of (R)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (Example 70; 20 mg, 0.033 mmol), paraformaldehyde (5.0 mg, 0.167 mmol) in CH₂Cl₂ (1.0 ml) was added sodium triacetoxyborohydride (14.1 mg, 0.067 mmol) and resultant mixture was stirred overnight. After removing solvent in vacuo, the mixture was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₄H₃₄ClN₄O₃S (M+H)⁺: m/z=613.2; found 613.2. ¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) δ 8.18 (d, J=6.9 Hz, 1H), 8.03 (s, 1H), 7.79 (s, 1H), 7.71 (d, J=6.7 Hz, 1H), 7.58 (m, 1H), 7.47 (m, 2H), 7.33 (d, J=6.7 Hz, 1H), 4.52 (m, 4H), 3.64-3.20 (m, 8H), 3.17 (m, 1H), 2.99 (s, 3H), 2.42 (s, 3H), 2.38-2.05 (m, 2H), 2.21 (s, 3H).

Example 72 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)biphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

To a mixture of tert-butyl 2-(3′-(7-cyano-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-3a,6,7,7a-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate (Example 63, Step 2: 55 mg, 0.093 mmol), (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (16.0 mg, 0.139 mmol) in CH₂Cl₂ (1.0 ml) was added sodium triacetoxyborohydride (19.7 mg, 0.093 mmol). After stirring at room temperature overnight, the reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA). After removing solvent, the residue was treated with 1:1 TFA/DCM (2 mL) for 1 h. The solvent was removed in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep LCMS (pH 2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₄H₃₂N₅O₃S (M+H)⁺: m/z=590.2; found 590.2. ¹H NMR (600 MHz, DMSO) δ 8.42-8.39 (m, 1H), 8.24-8.19 (m, 1H), 8.14 (d, J=1.4 Hz, 1H), 7.76-7.67 (m, 1H), 7.64-7.56 (m, 1H), 7.51-7.44 (m, 2H), 7.33 (d, J=6.7 Hz, 1H), 4.64-4.53 (m, 4H), 3.66 (m, 2H), 3.55 (m, 2H), 3.51-3.44 (m, 3H), 3.27-3.21 (m, 2H), 3.10 (m, 2H), 2.45 (s, 3H), 2.20 (s, 3H).

Example 73 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(5-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

To a microwave vial was added (R)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(5-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (Example 71; 19 mg, 0.031 mmol), potassium ferrocyanide(II) hydrate (8.49 μl, 0.037 mmol), [(2-di-tert-butylphosphino-2′,4′,6′-triisopropyl-1,1′-biphenyl)-2-(2′-amino-1,1′-biphenyl)]palladium(II) methanesulfonate (2.462 mg, 3.10 μmol), potassium acetate (3.04 mg, 0.031 mmol), 1,4-dioxane (155 μl) and water (155 μl) The vial was capped and sparged with nitrogen. The reaction was heated to 100° C. for 3 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate and water, the aqueous phase was extracted with EtOAc. The organic phase was dried over MgSO₄, filtered and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude material was purified by prep LCMS (pH 2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₅H₃₄N₅O₃S (M+H)⁺: m/z=604.2; found 604.2. ¹H NMR (600 MHz, DMSO) δ 8.40 (d, J=1.3 Hz, 1H), 8.21 (m, 1H), 8.14 (d, J=1.4 Hz, 1H), 7.71 (m, 1H), 7.60 (m, 1H), 7.51-7.45 (m, 2H), 7.34 (m, 1H), 4.81-4.50 (m, 4H), 3.79-3.21 (m, 7H), 3.18 (m, 2H), 3.01 (s, 3H), 2.45 (s, 3H), 2.33-2.09 (m, 2H), 2.21 (s, 3H).

Example 74 (R)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydrooxazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: Benzyl (3R,4R)-3-(3-bromo-2-methylbenzamido)-4-hydroxypiperidine-1-carboxylate

A solution of 3-bromo-2-methylbenzoic acid (1.30 g, 6.05 mmol) and benzyl (3R,4R)-3-amino-4-hydroxypiperidine-1-carboxylate (1.513 g, 6.05 mmol) in DMF (30.2 ml) was added N,N, N,N′-tetramethyl-O-(7-azabenzotriazol-1-yl)uronium hexafluorophosphate (3.17 g, 8.34 mmol) and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (3.16 ml, 18.14 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 h. The reaction was diluted with DCM and water, the aqueous layer was extracted with DCM once. The combined organic layers were dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified with flash chromatography (eluting with 0-10% ethyl acetate/hexanes) to give the desired product (2.70 g, 100%). LC-MS calculated for C₂₁H₂₄BrN₂O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=447.1; found 447.1.

Step 2: benzyl (R)-3-(3-bromo-2-methylbenzamido)-4-oxopiperidine-1-carboxylate

To a solution of benzyl (3R,4R)-3-(3-bromo-2-methylbenzamido)-4-hydroxypiperidine-1-carboxylate (2.70 g, 6.04 mmol) in DCM (20 ml) was added Dess-Martin periodinane (3.07 g, 7.24 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with Et₂O and 1 M NaOH. After stirring for 1 h, The organic layer was separated and dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated. The crude was purified by flash chromatography (eluting with 0-10% ethyl acetate/hexanes) to give the desired product (1.84 g, 70%). LC-MS calculated for C₂₁H₂₂BrN₂O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=445.1; found 445.1.

Step 3: benzyl 2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-6,7-dihydrooxazolo[4,5-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate

To a solution of benzyl (R)-3-(3-bromo-2-methylbenzamido)-4-oxopiperidine-1-carboxylate (1.87 g, 4.20 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (30 ml) was added POCl₃ (0.391 ml, 4.20 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at 110° C. for 3 h. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was diluted with saturated NaHCO₃ and ethyl acetate. The aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate once. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated. The crude was purified by flash chromatography (eluting with 0-40% ethyl acetate/hexane) to give the desired product (1.22 g, 68%). LC-MS calculated for C₂₁H₂₀BrN₂O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=427.1; found 427.1.

Step 4: 2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrooxazolo[4,5-c]pyridine

To solution of benzyl 2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-6,7-dihydrooxazolo[4,5-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate (1.15 g, 2.69 mmol) in CH₂Cl₂ (10 ml) was added 1 M BBr₃ in DCM (5.38 ml, 5.38 mmol) at 0° C. After stirring at same temperature for 1 h, the reaction mixture was diluted DCM and saturated NaHCO₃ solution. The resultant precipitate was collected vial filtration and dried under vacuum to give the desired product as white solid (0.61 g, 77%). LC-MS calculated for C₁₃H₁₄BrN₂O (M+H)⁺: m/z=293.0; found 293.0.

Step 5. (7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydrooxazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol

(1,1′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene)-dichloropalladium(II) (127 mg, 0.174 mmol) was added to a mixture of 2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrooxazolo[4,5-c]pyridine (511 mg, 1.741 mmol), (7-chloro-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol (Example 1, Step 5; 696 mg, 1.741 mmol), sodium carbonate (369 mg, 3.48 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (8.0 ml) and water (1.6 ml). The mixture was purged with N₂ and heated at 90° C. for 2 h. The mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate and water. The organic layer was separated and dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified by flash chromatography (eluting with 0-20% methanol in DCM) to give the desired product (0.72 g, 85%). LC-MS calculated for C₂₈H₂₅ClN₃O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=486.2; found 486.2.

Step 6. tert-butyl 2-(3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-6,7-dihydrooxazolo[4,5-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate

To a solution of (7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydrooxazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol (720 mg, 1.482 mmol) in methanol (10 ml) was added Boc-anhydride (0.344 ml, 1.482 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at rt for 2 h. The solvent was removed and residue was purified by flash chromatography (eluting with 0-60% ethyl acetate in hexanes) to give the desired product (0.71 g, 82%). LC-MS calculated for C₃₃H₃₃ClN₃O₅(M+H)⁺: m/z=586.2; found 586.2.

Step 7. tert-butyl 2-(3′-(7-chloro-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-6,7-dihydrooxazolo[4,5-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate

To a solution of tert-butyl 2-(3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-6,7-dihydrooxazolo[4,5-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate (710 mg, 1.211 mmol) in DCM (10 ml) was added Dess-Martin periodinane (617 mg, 1.454 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at rt for 2 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with Et₂O and 1 M NaOH. After stirring for 1 h, the organic layer was separated and dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified by flash chromatography (eluting with 0-60% ethyl acetate in hexanes) to give the desired product (0.70 g, 99%). LC-MS calculated for C₃₃H₃₁ClN₃O₅(M+H)⁺: m/z=584.2; found 584.2.

Step 8: (R)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydrooxazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

To a mixture of tert-butyl 2-(3′-(7-chloro-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-6,7-dihydrooxazolo[4,5-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate (360 mg, 0.616 mmol), (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (71.0 mg, 0.616 mmol) and triethylamine (0.172 ml, 1.233 mmol) in CH₂Cl₂ (5.0 ml) was added sodium triacetoxyborohydride (131 mg, 0.616 mmol). After stirring at room temperature overnight, the reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA). After removing solvent, the residue was treated with 1:1 TFA/DCM (4 mL) for 1 h. The solvent was removed in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep LCMS (pH 2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₃H₃₂ClN₄O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=583.2; found 583.2. ¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) δ 8.18 (m, 1H), 8.03 (d, J=1.2 Hz, 1H), 7.95 (m, 1H), 7.79 (d, J=1.3 Hz, 1H), 7.58 (m, 1H), 7.54-7.43 (m, 2H), 7.36 (m, 1H), 4.55 (s, 2H), 4.48 (s, 2H), 3.66-3.15 (m, 7H), 2.90 (m, 2H), 2.42 (s, 3H), 2.33 (s, 3H), 2.20 (m, 2H).

Example 75 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydrooxazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

In a microwave vial was combined (R)-1-((2-(3′-(5-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrooxazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-7-chlorobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (Example 74; 6.0 mg, 8.78 mol), potassium ferrocyanide(II) hydrate (2.406 μl, 10.54 μmol), [(2-di-tert-butylphosphino-2′,4′,6′-triisopropyl-1,1′-biphenyl)-2-(2′-amino-1,1′-biphenyl)]palladium(II) methanesulfonate (0.698 mg, 0.878 μmol), potassium acetate (0.862 mg, 8.78 μmol), 1,4-dioxane (200 μl) and water (200 μl). The vial was capped and purged with nitrogen. The reaction was heated to 100° C. for 2 hours. After cooling to RT, the reaction mixture was diluted with methanol, passed through a syringe filter and purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA). After removing solvent, the residue was treated with 1:1 TFA/DCM (4 mL) for 1 h. The solvent was removed in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep LCMS (pH 2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₄H₃₂N₅O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=574.2; found 574.2.

Example 76 (S)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydrooxazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 74 with (S)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid replacing (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid in Step 8. LC-MS calculated for C₃₃H₃₂ClN₄O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=583.2; found 583.2.

Example 77 1-((7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydrooxazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)azetidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 74 with azetidine-3-carboxylic acid replacing (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid in Step 8. LC-MS calculated for C₃₂H₃₀ClN₄O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=569.2; found 569.2.

Example 78 (R)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydrooxazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 74 with benzyl (3S,4S)-4-amino-3-hydroxypiperidine-1-carboxylate replacing benzyl (3R,4R)-3-amino-4-hydroxypiperidine-1-carboxylate in Step 1. LC-MS calculated for C₃₃H₃₂ClN₄O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=583.2; found 583.2.

Example 79 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(4,4,5-trimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: 2-bromo-5-methyl-6,7-dihydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-4(5H)-one

To solution of 2-bromo-6,7-dihydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-4(5H)-one (Ark Pharm, Inc, cat#AK-38786, 250 mg, 1.073 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (3.0 mL) was added sodium hydride (60 wt % in mineral oil, 64.3 mg, 1.61 mmol) at 0° C. After stirring for 30 min, methyl iodide (0.134 mL, 2.145 mmol) was added to reaction mixture. The resultant mixture was stirred at rt overnight. The reaction was diluted with water and ethyl acetate. The organic layer was separated and concentrated. The residue was purified by flash chromatography (eluting with 0-40% ethyl acetate/hexanes) to give the desired product (254 mg, 96%). LC-MS calculated for C₇H₈BrN₂OS (M+H)⁺: m/z=247.0; found 246.9.

Step 2: 2-(3-chloro-2-methylphenyl)-5-methyl-6,7-dihydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-4 (5H)-one

To microwave vial was added (3-chloro-2-methylphenyl)boronic acid (175 mg, 1.03 mmol), 2-bromo-5-methyl-6,7-dihydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-4(5H)-one (254 mg, 1.03 mmol), (1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene)-dichloropalladium(II) (75 mg, 0.10 mmol), sodium carbonate (218 mg, 2.05 mmol), 1,4-dioxane (6.5 ml) and water (1.300 ml). The mixture was purged with N₂ and heated at 90° C. for 2 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate and water, the organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated and the residue was purified by flash chromatography (eluting with EtOAc/Hexanes 0-40%) to give the desired product (204 mg, 68%). LC-MS calculated for C₁₄H₁₄ClN₂OS (M+H)⁺: m/z=293.0; found 293.0.

Step 3: 2-(3-chloro-2-methylphenyl)-4,4,5-trimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine

To a solution of 2-(3-chloro-2-methylphenyl)-5-methyl-6,7-dihydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-4(5H)-one (204 mg, 0.697 mmol), 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylpyridine (172 mg, 0.836 mmol) in DCM (6.0 ml) at −78° C. was added trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride (0.141 ml, 0.836 mmol). After stirring at same temperature for 1 h, methylmagnesium bromide (3 M in ether 0.557 ml, 1.672 mmol) was added to reaction mixture and allowed to warm to room temperature over 3 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with DCM and saturated NH₄Cl solution, the organic layer was separated and dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified by flash chromatography (eluting with 0-30% ethyl acetate/hexanes) to give the desired product (167 mg, 78%). LC-MS calculated for C₁₆H₂₀ClN₂S (M+H)⁺: m/z=307.1; found 307.1.

Step 4: 4,4,5-trimethyl-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine

To a microwave vial was charged with 2-(3-chloro-2-methylphenyl)-4,4,5-trimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine (151 mg, 0.492 mmol), 4,4,4′,4′,5,5,5′,5′-octamethyl-2,2′-bi(1,3,2-dioxaborolane) (125 mg, 0.492 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (18.03 mg, 0.020 mmol), 2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2′,4′,6′-tri-iso-propyl-1,1′-biphenyl (37.5 mg, 0.079 mmol) and potassium acetate (145 mg, 1.476 mmol). The vial was sealed and evacuated under high vacuum and refilled with nitrogen (this process was repeated three times). 1,4-dioxane (2 mL) was added. The mixture was stirred at 100° C. for 5 h. After cooling to room temperature, the mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated in vacuo and the residue was purified by flash chromatography (eluting with 0-20% methanol in DCM) to give the desired product (160 mg, 82%). LC-MS calculated for C₂₂H₃₂BN₂O₂S (M+H)⁺: m/z=399.2; found 399.2.

Step 5: 7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(4,4,5-trimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazole-5-carbaldehyde

To a microwave vial was charged with 4,4,5-trimethyl-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine (90 mg, 0.225 mmol), 2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-7-chlorobenzo[d]oxazole-5-carbaldehyde (Example 10, Step 1; 79 mg, 0.225 mmol), (1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene)-dichloropalladium(II) (16.5 mg, 0.023 mmol), sodium carbonate (47.8 mg, 0.451 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (2.0 ml) and water (0.400 ml). The mixture was purged with N₂ and heated at 90° C. for 2 h. The mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate and water, the organic layer was separated, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified by flash chromatography (eluting with 0-20% methanol in DCM) to give the desired product (94 mg, 77%). LC-MS calculated for C₃₁H₂₉ClN₃O₂S (M+H)⁺: m/z=542.2; found 542.2.

Step 6: (R)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(4,4,5-trimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Sodium triacetoxyborohydride (12.5 mg, 0.059 mmol) was added to a mixture of 7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(4,4,5-trimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazole-5-carbaldehyde (32 mg, 0.059 mmol), (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (6.80 mg, 0.059 mmol) in DCM (1.0 ml) at room temperature. After stirring at rt overnight, The solvent was removed in vacuo and the residue was purified with prep LCMS (pH 2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₆H₃₈ClN₄O₃S (M+H)⁺: m/z=641.2; found 641.2.

Step 7: (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(4,4,5-trimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 73 with (R)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(4,4,5-trimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid replacing (R)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(5-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid. LC-MS calculated for C₃₇H₃₈N₅O₃S (M+H)⁺: m/z=632.3; found 632.2.

Example 80 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(1,5-dimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 36 with (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid replacing (S)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid in Step 7. The reaction was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₇H₃₈N₇O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=644.3; found 644.3.

Example 81 (S)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2′-chloro-3′-(3-(((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 29 with (R)-pyrrolidin-3-ol replacing (S)-pyrrolidin-3-ol in Step 4 and (S)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid replacing (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid in Step 7. The reaction was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=10, acetonitrile/water+NH₄OH) to give the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₃₉H₃₇Cl₂N₆O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=723.2; found 723.2.

Example 82 (R)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2′-chloro-3′-(3-(((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 29 with (R)-pyrrolidin-3-ol replacing (S)-pyrrolidin-3-ol in Step 4. The reaction was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=10, acetonitrile/water+NH₄OH) to give the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₃₉H₃₇Cl₂N₆O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=723.2; found 723.2.

Example 83 (S)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(3-(((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 30 with (S)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid replacing (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid and (R)-pyrrolidin-3-ol replacing (S)-pyrrolidin-3-ol. The reaction was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₄₀H₃₇ClN₇O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=714.3; found 714.3.

Example 84 (R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(3-(((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 30 with (R)-pyrrolidin-3-ol replacing (S)-pyrrolidin-3-ol. The reaction was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₄₀H₃₇ClN₇O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=714.3; found 714.3.

Example 85 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)azetidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 24 with azetidine-3-carboxylic acid replacing (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid in Step 5. The reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=10, acetonitrile/water+NH₄OH) to give the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₄₀H₃₈N₇O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=680.3; found 680.3.

Example 86 (R)-3-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methylamino)-2,2-dimethylpropanoic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 24 with 3-amino-2,2-dimethylpropanoic acid replacing (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid in Step 5. The reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=10, acetonitrile/water+NH₄OH) to give the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₄₁H₄₂N₇O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=696.3; found 696.3.

Example 87 (R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(6-isopropyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: (R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-2-methyl-3′-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)biphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar method in Example 54, Step 1-6 with tert-butyl 1,4,5,7-tetrahydro-6H-pyrazolo[3,4-c]pyridine-6-carboxylate (Astatech, cat#79248) replacing tert-butyl 1,4,6,7-tetrahydro-5H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxylate in Step 1. The reaction mixture was concentrated and used in next step without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₃₃H₃₀ClN₆O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=593.2; found 593.1.

Step 2: (R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(6-isopropyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

A mixture of (R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-2-methyl-3′-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)biphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (10 mg, 0.017 mmol) and acetone (2.4 μL, 0.034 mmol) in DCM (169 μl) was allowed to stir for 2 h. Then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (7.0 mg, 0.034 mmol) was added to the mixture. After 2 h, the mixture was concentrated and diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as its TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₆H₃₆ClN₆O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=635.2; found 635.3. ¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) δ 8.21 (d, J=6.7 Hz, 1H), 8.13 (s, 1H), 7.89 (s, 1H), 7.86 (s, 1H), 7.64-7.55 (m, 3H), 7.50 (d, J=6.4 Hz, 1H), 7.45 (dd, J=7.1, 2.1 Hz, 1H), 3.85-3.68 (m, 3H), 3.62 (s, 2H), 2.99-2.87 (m, 2H), 2.79-2.58 (m, 5H), 2.58-2.52 (m, 2H), 2.49 (s, 3H), 1.98 (q, J=7.1 Hz, 2H), 1.08 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 6H).

Example 88 (R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(1,5-dimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)-3-methylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 50 with (R)-3-methylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid replacing (S)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid in Step 6. The reaction was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₇H₃₇ClN₇O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=678.3; found 678.3. ¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) δ 9.97 (s, 1H), 8.40 (d, J=1.2 Hz, 1H), 8.24 (dd, J=8.2, 1.3 Hz, 1H), 8.21 (d, J=7.0 Hz, 1H), 8.13 (d, J=1.2 Hz, 1H), 7.59 (t, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 7.52 (t, J=7.9 Hz, 1H), 7.48 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 1H), 7.20 (dd, J=7.6, 1.4 Hz, 1H), 4.59 (s, 2H), 4.52-4.11 (m, 2H), 3.95 (s, 3H), 3.87-3.26 (m, 6H), 3.08-3.00 (m, 2H), 2.95 (s, 3H), 2.46 (s, 3H), 2.38-1.79 (m, 2H), 1.37 (s, 3H).

Example 89 1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(1,5-dimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)piperidine-4-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 50 with piperidine-4-carboxylic acid replacing (S)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid in Step 6. The reaction was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₇H₃₇ClN₇O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=678.3; found 678.3. ¹H NMR (600 MHz, DMSO) δ 9.97 (s, 1H), 8.37 (s, 1H), 8.24 (dd, J=8.2, 1.5 Hz, 1H), 8.23-8.20 (m, 1H), 8.10 (s, 1H), 7.60 (t, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 7.52 (t, J=7.9 Hz, 1H), 7.49 (dd, J=7.6, 1.0 Hz, 1H), 7.21 (dd, J=7.6, 1.5 Hz, 1H), 4.66-4.37 (m, 3H), 4.21 (s, 1H), 3.95 (s, 3H), 3.84-3.27 (m, 4H), 3.09-2.98 (m, 4H), 2.95 (s, 3H), 2.49 (m, 1H), 2.46 (s, 3H), 2.13-1.64 (m, 4H).

Example 90 (S)-2-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(1,5-dimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methylamino)propanoic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 50 with (S)-2-aminopropanoic acid replacing (S)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid in Step 6. The reaction was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₄H₃₃ClN₇O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=638.2; found 638.2.

Example 91 (1R,4R)-4-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(1,5-dimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methylamino)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 50 with (1R,4R)-4-aminocyclohexanecarboxylic acid replacing (S)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid in Step 6. The reaction was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₈H₃₉ClN₇O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=692.3; found 692.3.

Example 92 (S)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-2-methyl-3′-(1-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)biphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: tert-butyl 2-(2-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-ylcarbamoyl)-1-methyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate

A mixture of tert-butyl 2-(3-bromo-2-chlorophenylcarbamoyl)-1-methyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate (Example 50, Step 1: 8.01 g, 17.03 mmol), (7-chloro-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol (Example 1, Step 5: 7.49 g, 18.73 mmol), and dichloro[1,1′-bis(dicyclohexylphosphino)ferrocene]palladium(II) (1.39 g, 1.70 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (95 mL) and water (19 mL) was added sodium carbonate (3.61 g, 34.10 mmol). The reaction mixture was purged with nitrogen and then stirred at 100° C. for 36 hrs. After being cooled to room temperature, the reaction mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash chromatography on a silica gel column eluting with 0 to 70% EtOAc in hexanes to afford the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₃₄H₃₄Cl₂N₅O₅ (M+H)⁺: m/z=662.2; found 662.2.

Step 2: tert-butyl 2-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-ylcarbamoyl)-1-methyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 12 with tert-butyl 2-(2-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-ylcarbamoyl)-1-methyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-5 (4H)-carboxylate replacing (7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(pyrido[3,4-b]pyrazin-5-ylamino)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol in Step 1. LC-MS calculated for C₃₅H₃₄ClN₆O₅ (M+H)⁺: m/z=653.2; found 653.2.

Step 3: tert-butyl 2-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-ylcarbamoyl)-1-methyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate

A suspension of tert-butyl 2-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-ylcarbamoyl)-1-methyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate (3.56 g, 6.28 mmol) and manganese dioxide (10.92 g, 126 mmol) in DCM (60 mL) was stirred at 45° C. for 3 hrs. The reaction was filtered through a short pad of celite and then concentrated to yield a crude residue, which was used directly without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₃₅H₃₂ClN₆O₅ (M+H)⁺: m/z=651.2; found 651.2.

Step 4: (S)-1-((2-(3′-(5-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-1-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)-2′-chloro-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

To a solution of tert-butyl 2-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-ylcarbamoyl)-1-methyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-5 (4H)-carboxylate (100 mg, 0.153 mmol) in DCM (6 ml) was added (S)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (26.5 mg, 0.230 mmol) and TEA (0.085 ml, 0.614 mmol). The mixture was stirred at r.t. for 60 min, then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (48.8 mg, 0.23 mmol) was added. The resulting mixture was stirred at r.t. overnight then concentrated. The residue was purified via prep-HPLC (pH=2, MeCN/water with TFA) to give the desired product as the TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₄₀H₄₁ClN₇O₆(M+H)⁺: m/z=750.3; found 750.3.

Step 5: (S)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-2-methyl-3′-(1-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)biphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

To a solution of (S)-1-((2-(3′-(5-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-1-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)-2′-chloro-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (50 mg, 0.067 mmol) in DCM (1 mL) was added trifluoroacetic acid (1 mL) and MeOH (0.013 mL). The solution was stirred at r.t. for 1 h. then concentrate. The residue was purified via prep-HPLC (pH=2, MeCN/water with TFA) to give the desired product as the TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₅H₃₃ClN₇O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=650.3; found 650.3.

Example 93 (S)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

To a solution of (5)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-2-methyl-3′-(1-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)biphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (Example 92, Step 5: 20 mg, 0.031 mmol) in DCM (0.5 ml) was added 2-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)acetaldehyde (9.8 mg, 0.046 mmol). The mixture was stirred at r.t. for 60 min, then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (6.4 mg, 0.037 mmol) was added. After being stirred at room temperature for 2 hrs, 2 N HCl solution in water (0.2 mL) was added, and the reaction was stirred at 50° C. for 30 min. The reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH, and purified via pH 2 preparative HPLC (MeCN/water with TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₇H₃₇ClN₇O₅(M+H)⁺: m/z=694.3; found 694.3.

Example 94 (S)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(1,5-dimethyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-d]imidazole-2-carboxamido)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: 5-tert-butyl 2-ethyl 3a, 4,6,6a-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-d]imidazole-2,5(1H)-dicarboxylate

To a solution of cis-tert-butyl 3,4-diaminopyrrolidine-1-carboxylate (Pharmablock, cat#PB05568: 800 mg, 3.97 mmol) in HFIP (5 mL) was added ethyl 2-ethoxy-2-iminoacetate (577 mg, 3.97 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 50° C. for overnight before quenched by adding sat. NaCl solution. Then 1N HCl was added to adjust the pH to 1, which was then extracted with EtOAc for 3 times. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash chromatography on a silica gel column eluting with 0 to 10% MeOH in DCM to afford the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₁₃H₂₂N₃O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=284.3; found 284.3.

Step 2: 5-tert-butyl 2-ethyl 1-methyl-4,6-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-d]imidazole-2,5(1H)-dicarboxylate

To a solution of oxalyl chloride (0.13 mL, 1.48 mmol) in DCM (4 mL) was slowly added DMSO (0.21 mL, 2.96 mmol) for 30 mins. The resulting solution was added DCM solution of 5-tert-butyl 2-ethyl 3a,4,6,6a-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-d]imidazole-2,5(1H)-dicarboxylate (210 mg, 0.74 mmol) dropwise. After adding, the solution was stirred for 30 mins before DIEA (0.86 mL, 4.94 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was warmed to r.t. over 2 hrs, which was then quenched by adding sat. NH₄Cl. The mixture was extracted with DCM for 3 times. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in DMF (3 mL), K₂CO₃ (273 mg, 1.97 mmol) and methyl iodide (0.12 mL, 1.97 mmol) were added sequentially. The resulting mixture was stirred at r.t. overnight before 3 mL of water was added. The mixture was extracted with EtOAc for 3 times. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash chromatography on a silica gel column eluting with 0 to 100% EtOAc in hexanes to afford the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₁₄H₂₂N₃O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=296.2; found 296.2.

Step 3: tert-butyl 2-(3-bromo-2-chlorophenylcarbamoyl)-1-methyl-4,6-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-d]imidazole-5(1H)-carboxylate

Potassium tert-butoxide in THF (1.0 M, 2.13 mL) was added to a solution of 5-tert-butyl 2-ethyl 4,6-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-d]imidazole-2,5(1H)-dicarboxylate (400 mg, 1.42 mmol) and 3-bromo-2-chloroaniline (323 mg, 1.56 mmol) in THF (12.0 mL). After being stirred at room temperature for 1 h, the reaction mixture was quenched with water, and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash chromatography on a silica gel column eluting with 100% ethyl acetate in hexanes to afford the desired product. LCMS calculated for C₁₈H₂₁BrClN₄O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=457.0; found 457.0.

Step 4: tert-butyl 2-(2-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-ylcarbamoyl)-1-methyl-4,6-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-d]imidazole-5(1H)-carboxylate

A mixture tert-butyl 2-(3-bromo-2-chlorophenylcarbamoyl)-1-methyl-4,6-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-d]imidazole-5(1H)-carboxylate (150 mg, 0.33 mmol), (7-chloro-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol (Example 1, Step 5: 158 mg, 0.39 mmol), and dichloro[1,1′-bis(dicyclohexylphosphino)ferrocene]palladium(II) (27 mg, 0.033 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (5 ml) and water (1 mL) was added sodium carbonate (70 mg, 0.66 mmol). The reaction mixture was purged with nitrogen and then stirred at 100° C. for 12 hrs. After being cooled to room temperature, the reaction mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash chromatography on a silica gel column eluting with 0 to 100% EtOAc in hexanes to afford the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₃₃H₃₂Cl₂N₅O₅ (M+H)⁺: m/z=648.2; found 648.2.

Step 5: tert-butyl 2-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-ylcarbamoyl)-1-methyl-4,6-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-d]imidazole-5(1H)-carboxylate

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 12 with tert-butyl 2-(2-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-ylcarbamoyl)-1-methyl-4,6-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-d]imidazole-5 (1H)-carboxylate replacing (7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(pyrido[3,4-b]pyrazin-5-ylamino)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol in Step 1. LC-MS calculated for C₃₄H₃₂ClN₆O₅ (M+H)⁺: m/z=639.2; found 639.2.

Step 6: tert-butyl 2-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-ylcarbamoyl)-1-methyl-4,6-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-d]imidazole-5(1H)-carboxylate

A suspension of tert-butyl 2-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-ylcarbamoyl)-1-methyl-4,6-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-d]imidazole-5(1H)-carboxylate (20 mg, 0.03 mmol) and manganese dioxide (54 mg, 0.63 mmol) in DCM (6 mL) was stirred at 45° C. for 3 hrs. The reaction was filtered through a short pad of celite and then concentrated to yield a crude residue, which was used directly without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₃₄H₃₀ClN₆O₅(M+H)⁺: m/z=637.2; found 637.2.

Step 7: (S)-1-((2-(3′-(5-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-1-methyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-d]imidazole-2-carboxamido)-2′-chloro-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

To a solution tert-butyl 2-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-ylcarbamoyl)-1-methyl-4,6-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-d]imidazole-5(1H)-carboxylate (15.0 mg, 0.024 mmol) in DCM (0.5 ml) was added (S)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (6.5 mg, 0.047 mmol) and TEA (0.013 ml, 0.094 mmol). The mixture was stirred at r.t. for 60 min, then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (7.5 mg, 0.035 mmol) was added. The resulting mixture was stirred at r.t. overnight then concentrated. The residue was purified via prep-HPLC (pH=2, MeCN/water with TFA) to give the desired product as the TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₉H₃₉ClN₇O₆(M+H)⁺: m/z=736.3; found 736.3.

Step 8: (S)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(1,5-dimethyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-d]imidazole-2-carboxamido)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

To a solution of (S)-1-((2-(3′-(5-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-1-methyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-d]imidazole-2-carboxamido)-2′-chloro-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (10 mg, 0.014 mmol) in DCM (1 mL) was added trifluoroacetic acid (1 mL). The solution was stirred at r.t. for 1 h. then concentrate to dryness. The residue was dissolved in DCM (1.0 mL) then formaldehyde (37 wt % in water, 0.02 mL) was added. The resulting mixture was stirred at r.t. for 10 min, then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (5.8 mg, 0.027 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred at r.t. overnight then concentrated. The residue was purified via prep-HPLC (pH=2, MeCN/water with TFA) to give the desired product as the TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₅H₃₃ClN₇O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=650.3; found 650.3.

Example 95 (R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(5-ethyl-1-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)-3-methylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: (R)-1-((2-(3′-(5-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-1-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)-2′-chloro-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)-3-methylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

To a solution of tert-butyl 2-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-ylcarbamoyl)-1-methyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-5 (4H)-carboxylate (Example 92, step 3: 25 mg, 0.043 mmol) in DCM (1 mL) was added (R)-3-methylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (7.7 mg, 0.056 mmol) and TEA (0.02 ml, 0.16 mmol). The mixture was stirred at r.t. for 60 min, then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (12.2 mg, 0.056 mmol) was added. The resulting mixture was stirred at r.t. overnight then concentrated. The residue was purified via prep-HPLC (pH=2, MeCN/water with TFA) to give the desired product as the TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₄₁H₄₃ClN₇O₆(M+H)⁺: m/z=764.3; found 764.3.

Step 2: (R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(5-ethyl-1-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)-3-methylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

To a solution of (S)-1-((2-(3′-(5-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-1-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)-2′-chloro-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (10 mg, 0.013 mmol) in DCM (1 mL) was added trifluoroacetic acid (1 mL). The solution was stirred at r.t. for 1 h. then concentrate to dryness. The residue was dissolved in DCM (1.0 mL) then acetaldehyde (3.0 mg, 0.065 mmol) was added. The resulting mixture was stirred at r.t. for 10 min, then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (5.8 mg, 0.027 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred at r.t. overnight then concentrated. The residue was purified via prep-HPLC (pH=2, MeCN/water with TFA) to give the desired product as the TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₈H₃₉ClN₇O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=692.3; found 692.3. ¹H NMR (600 MHz, DMSO) δ 9.95 (s, 1H), 8.39 (d, J=1.4 Hz, 1H), 8.28 (dd, J=8.2, 1.5 Hz, 1H), 8.21 (dd, J=7.9, 1.2 Hz, 1H), 8.13 (d, J=1.4 Hz, 1H), 7.59 (t, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 7.52 (t, J=7.9 Hz, 1H), 7.48 (dd, J=7.6, 1.1 Hz, 1H), 7.20 (dd, J=7.6, 1.5 Hz, 1H), 4.59 (s, 2H), 4.52-4.14 (m, 2H), 3.95 (s, 3H), 3.88-3.24 (m, 8H), 3.03 (m, 2H), 2.46 (s, 3H), 2.39-1.79 (m, 2H), 1.38 (s, 3H), 1.30 (t, J=7.3 Hz, 3H).

Example 96 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-(1-(2-hydroxyethyl)azetidin-3-yl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: tert-butyl 3-(8-chloro-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)azetidine-1-carboxylate

To a long, thin (−20 mL) borosilicate glass vial equipped with a Teflon-coated magnetic stir bar was added 4,7-di-tert-butyl-1,10-phenanthroline (12.01 mg, 0.041 mmol) and NiCl₂.glyme (9.02 mg, 0.041 mmol) and 1.0 mL THF. The vial was capped and the resulting suspension was heated briefly with a heat gun until the nickel and ligand were fully solubilized, yielding a pale green solution. The solvent was then removed under vacuum to give a fine coating of the ligated nickel complex (pale evergreen in color). Once dry, 3-bromo-8-chloro-1,7-naphthyridine (100 mg, 0.411 mmol), tert-butyl 3-(trifluoro-14-boranyl)azetidine-1-carboxylate, potassium salt (Combi-Blocks, cat#QC-6288: 108 mg, 0.411 mmol), [Ir{dFCF₃ppy}₂(bpy)]PF₆ (Aldrich, cat#804215: 10.37 mg, 10.27 μmol) and cesium carbonate (201 mg, 0.616 mmol) were added in succession. The vial was then capped and purged and evacuated four times. Under inert atmosphere, 1,4-dioxane (10 mL) was introduced. The vial containing all the reagents was further sealed with parafilm and stirred for 24 hrs approximately 4 cm away from two 26 W fluorescent light bulbs. The reaction mixture was then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash chromatography on a silica gel column eluting with 0 to 100% EtOAc in hexanes to afford the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₁₆H₁₉ClN₃O₂(M+H)⁺: m/z=320.2; found 320.2.

Step 2: tert-butyl 3-(8-(3-bromo-2-methylphenylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)azetidine-1-carboxylate

A mixture of 3-bromo-2-methylaniline (31.4 mg, 0.169 mmol), tert-butyl 3-(8-chloro-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)azetidine-1-carboxylate (45 mg, 0.141 mmol) and sulfuric acid (7.50 μl, 0.141 mmol) in isopropanol (10 ml) was heated at 90° C. for 2 h. The reaction was then cooled to room temperature and diluted with DCM. The reaction was quenched by aqueous NaHCO₃ solution, extracted with DCM. The organic phase was dried over MgSO₄, filtered and the filtrate was concentrated. The residue was dissolved in DCM (2 mL), di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (123 mg 0.56 mmol) and TEA (57.0 mg, 0.56 mmol) were added subsequently. The resulting reactions mixture was allowed to stir for 2 hrs before quenched with sat. NaHCO₃. The mixture was then extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash chromatography on a silica gel column eluting with 0 to 100% EtOAc in hexanes to afford the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₂₃H₂₆BrN₄O₂ (M+H)⁺: m/z=469.1/471.1; found 469.2/471.2.

Step 3: tert-butyl 3-(8-(3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-ylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)azetidine-1-carboxylate

A mixture of tert-butyl 3-(8-(3-bromo-2-methylphenylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)azetidine-1-carboxylate (39.1 mg, 0.083 mmol), (7-chloro-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol (Example 1, Step 5: 40 mg, 0.10 mmol), sodium carbonate (24 mg, 0.22 mmol) and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (10 mg, 8.9 μmol) in a mixed water (150 μl) and 1,4-dioxane (750 μl) was purged with N₂ and then stirred at 100° C. for 2 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, diluted with ethyl acetate and then washed with H₂O. The organic layer was dried MgSO₄, filtered and concentrated to give a crude residue, which was purified by flash chromatography on a silica gel column eluting with 0 to 10% MeOH/DCM to give the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₃₈H₃₇ClN₅O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=662.3; found 662.3.

Step 4: tert-butyl 3-(8-(3′-(7-cyano-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-ylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)azetidine-1-carboxylate

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 12 with tert-butyl 3-(8-(3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-ylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)azetidine-1-carboxylate replacing (7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(pyrido[3,4-b]pyrazin-5-ylamino)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol in Step 1. LC-MS calculated for C₃₉H₃₇N₆O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=653.3; found 653.3.

Step 5: tert-butyl 3-(8-(3′-(7-cyano-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-ylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)azetidine-1-carboxylate

A suspension of tert-butyl 3-(8-(3′-(7-cyano-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-ylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)azetidine-1-carboxylate (59 mg, 0.09 mmol) and manganese dioxide (216 mg, 2.42 mmol) in DCM (6 mL) was stirred at 45° C. for 3 hrs. The reaction was filtered through a short pad of celite and then concentrated to yield a crude residue, which was used directly without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₃₉H₃₅N₆O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=651.3; found 651.3.

Step 6: (R)-1-((2-(3′-(3-(1-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)azetidin-3-yl)-, 7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

To a solution tert-butyl 3-(8-(3′-(7-cyano-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-ylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)azetidine-1-carboxylate (20 mg, 0.03 mmol) in DCM (1 ml) was added (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (5.3 mg, 0.05 mmol) and TEA (0.008 ml, 0.061 mmol). The mixture was stirred at r.t. for 60 min, then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (9.8 mg, 0.046 mmol) was added. The resulting mixture was stirred at r.t. overnight then concentrated. The residue was purified via prep-HPLC (pH=2, MeCN/water with TFA) to give the desired product as the TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₄₄H₄₄N₇O₅ (M+H)⁺: m/z=750.3; found 750.3.

Step 7: (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-(1-(2-hydroxyethyl)azetidin-3-yl)-, 7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

To a solution of (R)-1-((2-(3′-(3-(1-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)azetidin-3-yl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (10 mg, 0.013 mmol) in DCM (1 mL) was added trifluoroacetic acid (1 mL). The solution was stirred at r.t. for 1 h. then concentrate to dryness. The residue was dissolved in DCM (1.0 mL), and 2-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)acetaldehyde (9.8 mg, 0.046 mmol) was added and. The mixture was stirred at r.t. for 60 min, then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (6.4 mg, 0.037 mmol) was added. After being stirred at room temperature for 2 hrs, 2 N HCl solution in water (0.2 mL) was added, and the reaction was stirred at 50° C. for 30 min. The reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH, and purified via pH=2 preparative HPLC (MeCN/water with TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₄₁H₄₀N₇O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=694.3; found 694.3.

Example 97 (3R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-2-methyl-3′-(3-(pyrrolidin-2-yl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)biphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: tert-butyl 4-(8-chloro-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)-4-oxobutylcarbamate

To a solution of n-butyllithium (2.0 M in cyclohexane, 0.41 mL, 0.821 mmol) in THF (40 ml) was added 3-bromo-8-chloro-1,7-naphthyridine (100 mg, 0.411 mmol) dropwise at −78° C. After stirring at −78° C. for 1 h, tert-butyl 2-oxopyrrolidine-1-carboxylate (Aldrich, cat#464856: 0.140 ml, 0.821 mmol) was added. After stirring for 2 h, the mixture was quenched by sat. NH₄Cl, extracted by DCM for 3 times. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash chromatography on a silica gel column eluting with 0-100% ethyl acetate in hexanes to afford the desired product. LCMS calculated for C₁₇H₂₁ClN₃O₃ (M+H)⁺: m/z=350.1; found 350.1.

Step 2: tert-butyl 2-(8-(3-bromo-2-chlorophenylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate

To a reaction vial, 3-bromo-2-chloroaniline (85 mg, 0.412 mmol) and tert-butyl 4-(8-chloro-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)-4-oxobutylcarbamate (120 mg, 0.343 mmol) were suspended in isopropanol (10 ml). Sulfuric acid (0.018 ml, 0.343 mmol) was added to the reaction mixture. The resulting mixture was heated to 100° C. for 2 hrs then concentrate to dryness. The residue was dissolved in DCM (1.0 mL), TEA (0.1 mL, 0.68 mmol) and sodium triacetoxyborohydride (145 mg, 0.68 mmol) were added and. The mixture was stirred at r.t. for overnight before quenched with sat. NaHCO₃. The mixture was then extracted with DCM. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in DCM (2 mL), di-tert-butyl dicarbonateused (123 mg 0.56 mmol) and TEA (57.0 mg, 0.56 mmol) were added subsequently. The resulting reactions mixture was allowed to stir for 2 hrs before quenched with sat. NaHCO₃. The mixture was then extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash chromatography on a silica gel column eluting with 0 to 100% EtOAc in hexanes to afford the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₂₃H₂₅BrClN₄O₂(M+H)⁺: m/z=503.1; found 503.1.

Step 3: tert-butyl 2-(8-(2-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-ylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate

A mixture of N-(3-bromo-2-chlorophenyl)-3-(pyrrolidin-2-yl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-amine (30 mg, 0.075 mmol), (7-chloro-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol (Example 1, Step 5: 38 mg, 0.075 mmol), sodium carbonate (16 mg, 0.15 mmol) and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (8.7 mg, 7.5 μmol) in a mixed water (150 μl) and 1,4-dioxane (750 μl) was purged with N₂ and then stirred at 100° C. for 2 hrs. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, diluted with ethyl acetate and then washed with H₂O. The organic layer was dried over MgSO₄, filtered and concentrated to give a crude residue, which was purified by flash chromatography on a silica gel column eluting with 0 to 100% EtOAc in hexanes to give the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₃₈H₃₆Cl₂N₅O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=696.2; found 696.2.

Step 4: tert-butyl 2-(8-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-ylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 12 with tert-butyl 2-(8-(2-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-ylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate replacing (7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(pyrido[3,4-b]pyrazin-5-ylamino)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol in Step 1. LC-MS calculated for C₃₉H₃₆ClN₆O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=687.2; found 687.2.

Step 5: tert-butyl 2-(8-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-ylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate

A suspension of tert-butyl 2-(8-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-ylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate (40 mg, 0.06 mmol) and manganese dioxide (216 mg, 2.42 mmol) in DCM (6 mL) was stirred at 45° C. for 3 hrs. The reaction was filtered through a short pad of celite and then concentrated to yield a crude residue, which was used directly without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₃₉H₃₄ClN₆O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=685.2; found 685.2.

Step 6: (3R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-2-methyl-3′-(3-(pyrrolidin-2-yl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)biphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

To a solution tert-butyl 2-(8-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-ylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate (20 mg, 0.03 mmol) in DCM (1 ml) was added (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (5.3 mg, 0.05 mmol) and TEA (0.008 ml, 0.061 mmol). The mixture was stirred at r.t. for 60 min, then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (9.8 mg, 0.046 mmol) was added. The resulting mixture was stirred at r.t. overnight then concentrated. The residue was dissolved in DCM (1 mL) and trifluoroacetic acid (1 mL). The solution was stirred at r.t. for 1 h. then concentrate. The residue was purified via prep-HPLC (pH=2, MeCN/water with TFA) to give the desired product as the TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₉H₃₅ClN₇O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=684.2; found 684.2.

Example 98 (3R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(3-(pyrrolidin-2-yl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)biphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: tert-butyl 2-(8-(3-bromo-2-methylphenylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate

This compound was prepared using similar procedure as described for Example 97 with 3-bromo-2-methylaniline replacing 3-bromo-2-chloroaniline in step 2. The enantiopure compounds were obtained by chiral HPLC separation. The enantiopure compound (Peak 1 compound) that was eluted first in the chromatography was used for next reactions. LC-MS calculated for C₂₄H₂₈BrN₄O₂(M+H)⁺: m/z=483.1, 485.1; found 483.1, 485.1.

Step 2: (3R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(3-(pyrrolidin-2-yl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)biphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 97 with tert-butyl 2-(8-(3-bromo-2-methylphenylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate replacing tert-butyl 2-(8-(3-bromo-2-chlorophenylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate in Step 3. The reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₄₀H₃₈N₇O₃ (M+H)⁺: m/z=664.3; found 664.3. ¹H NMR (600 MHz, DMSO) δ 9.04 (s, 1H), 8.48 (s, 1H), 8.39 (d, J=1.2 Hz, 1H), 8.19 (dd, J=7.9, 1.1 Hz, 2H), 8.12 (d, J=1.3 Hz, 1H), 8.02 (s, 1H), 7.58 (t, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 7.47 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 1H), 7.41 (t, J=7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.23 (d, J=6.1 Hz, 1H), 7.05 (s, 1H), 4.95-4.81 (m, 1H), 4.58 (s, 2H), 3.81-3.16 (m, 7H), 2.57-2.50 (m, 1H), 2.48 (s, 3H), 2.29-2.07 (m, 5H), 2.05 (s, 3H).

Example 99 (3R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(3-(pyrrolidin-2-yl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)biphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: tert-butyl 2-(8-(3-bromo-2-methylphenylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate

This compound was prepared using similar procedure as described for Example 97 with 3-bromo-2-methylaniline replacing 3-bromo-2-chloroaniline in step 2. The enantiopure compounds were obtained by chiral HPLC separation. The enantiopure compound (Peak 2 compound) that was eluted second in the chromatography was used for next reactions. LC-MS calculated for C₂₄H₂₈BrN₄O₂(M+H)⁺: m/z=483.1, 485.1; found 483.1, 485.1.

Step 2: (3R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(3-(pyrrolidin-2-yl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)biphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 97 with tert-butyl 2-(8-(3-bromo-2-methylphenylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate replacing tert-butyl 2-(8-(3-bromo-2-chlorophenylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate in Step 3. The reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₄₀H₃₈N₇O₃ (M+H)⁺: m/z=664.3; found 664.3.

Example 100 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-(((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)-3-methylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 24 with (R)-3-methylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid replacing (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid in Step 5. The reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₄₂H₄₂N₇O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=708.3; found 708.3. ¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) δ 9.07 (s, 1H), 8.52 (s, 1H), 8.41 (s, 1H), 8.21 (m, 2H), 8.15 (s, 1H), 8.06 (s, 1H), 7.60 (t, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 7.49 (d, J=7.5 Hz, 1H), 7.42 (t, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 7.24 (d, J=5.8 Hz, 1H), 7.05 (d, J=6.3 Hz, 1H), 4.85-4.41 (m, 5H), 3.96-3.21 (m, 8H), 2.50 (s, 3H), 2.37 (m, 2H), 2.08 (s, 3H), 1.87 (m, 2H), 1.38 (s, 3H).

Example 101 (R)-3-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methylamino)propanoic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 24 with 3-aminopropanoic acid replacing (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid in Step 5. The reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₉H₃₈N₇O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=668.3; found 668.3.

Example 102 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-fluoro-4-(((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)pyridin-2-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: (R)-1-((2-bromo-3-fluoropyridin-4-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol

A mixture of 2-bromo-3-fluoroisonicotinaldehyde (70.0 mg, 0.343 mmol) and (R)-pyrrolidin-3-ol (59.8 mg, 0.686 mmol) in DCM (2.0 ml) was stirred at r.t. for 10 min. Sodium triacetoxyborohydride (218 mg, 1.029 mmol) was then added and the mixture was stirred at r.t. for 2 h. The mixture was diluted with DCM, washed with 1 N NaOH, water, brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated. The product was purified by chromatography eluting with DCM/MeOH (MeOH 0-10%). LC-MS calculated for C₁₀H₁₃BrFN₂O (M+H)⁺: m/z=275.0, 277.0; found 275.1, 277.1.

Step 2: (R)-1-((3-fluoro-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenylamino)pyridin-4-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol

A mixture of 2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)aniline (0.254 g, 1.090 mmol), (R)-1-((2-bromo-3-fluoropyridin-4-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol (0.20 g, 0.727 mmol), cesium carbonate (0.592 g, 1.817 mmol) and chloro[(4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene)-2-(2′-amino-1,1′-biphenyl)]palladium(II) (0.019 g, 0.022 mmol) in dioxane (3.0 ml) was vacuumed and refilled with nitrogen and then stirred at 100° C. for 2 h. The mixture was filtered and concentrated and the crude was used in the next step directly. LC-MS calculated for C₂₃H₃₂BFN₃O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=428.2; found 428.3.

Step 3: (R)-7-chloro-2-(3′-((3-fluoro-4-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)pyridin-2-yl)amino)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazole-5-carbaldehyde

A mixture of (R)-1-((3-fluoro-2-((2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)amino)pyridin-4-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol (0.10 g, 0.234 mmol), 2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-7-chlorobenzo[d]oxazole-5-carbaldehyde (Example 10, Step 1: 0.098 g, 0.281 mmol), potassium phosphate, tribasic (0.099 g, 0.468 mmol) and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (0.027 g, 0.023 mmol) in dioxane (2 ml) and water (0.5 ml) was vacuumed and refilled with nitrogen for 3 times and then the reaction was stirred at 110° C. for 3 h. The mixture was diluted with water and ethyl acetate, the organic phase was separated and washed with water, brine dried and concentrated. The product was purified by chromatograph eluting with DCM/MeOH (MeOH 0-15%). LC-MS calculated for C₃₂H₂₉C₁FN₄O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=571.2; found 571.1.

Step 4: (R)-2-(3′-(3-fluoro-4-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)pyridin-2-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 12 with (R)-7-chloro-2-(3′-((3-fluoro-4-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)pyridin-2-yl)amino)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazole-5-carbaldehyde replacing (7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(pyrido[3,4-b]pyrazin-5-ylamino)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol in Step 1. LC-MS calculated for C₃₃H₂₉FN₅O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=562.2; found 562.3.

Step 5: (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-fluoro-4-(((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)pyridin-2-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 16 with (R)-2-(3′-(3-fluoro-4-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)pyridin-2-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile replacing (S)-7-chloro-2-(3′-(3-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazole-5-carbaldehyde in Step 7. The reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₈H₃₈FN₆O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=661.3; found 661.4.

Example 103 (R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(6-isopropyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyano benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)-N-methylpyrrolidine-3-carboxamide

Hunig's base (8.2 μl, 0.047 mmol) was added to a DMF (157 μl) solution of (R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(6-isopropyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (Example 87, 20 mg, 0.031 mmol), 2M methylamine in THF (23.6 μl, 0.047 mmol), and (benzotriazol-1-yloxy)tris(dimethylamino)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate (16.7 mg, 0.038 mmol). After stirring at room temperature for 1 h, the mixture was concentrated and diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as its TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₇H₃₉ClN₇O₂(M+H)⁺: m/z=648.3; found 648.3.

Example 104 (R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(6-isopropyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxamide

Hunig's base (8.2 μl, 0.047 mmol) was added to a DMF (157 μl) solution of (R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(6-isopropyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (Example 87, 20 mg, 0.031 mmol), 2-aminoethanol (4.0 μl, 0.047 mmol), and (benzotriazol-1-yloxy)tris(dimethylamino)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate (16.7 mg, 0.038 mmol). After stirring at room temperature for 1 h, the mixture was concentrated and diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as its TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₈H₄₁ClN₇O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=678.3; found 678.3.

Example 105 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2-(dimethylamino)acetyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: tert-butyl 2-bromo-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazole-5(6H)-carboxylate

To a stirred solution of 2-bromo-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazole, HBr (Aurum Pharm, cat# MR22320: 220.0 mg, 0.769 mmol) and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (0.269 ml, 1.539 mmol) in DCM (5.0 ml), Boc-anhydride (201 mg, 0.923 mmol) was added at room temperature. After 1 hour, the reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc (100 mL), and washed with water (3×15 mL). The organic layer was dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and the filtrate was concentrated to afford crude tert-butyl 2-bromo-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazole-5(6H)-carboxylate (220 mg, 0.724 mmol, 93.6% yield), which was used directly in the next step without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₁₀H₁₋₄BrN₂O₂S (M+H)⁺: m/z=305.0/307.0; found 305.0/307.0.

Step 2: tert-butyl 2-(3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazole-5(6H)-carboxylate

A slurry of (7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol (Example 59, Step 2: 275 mg, 0.561 mmol), tert-butyl 2-bromo-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazole-5-carboxylate (171 mg, 0.561 mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (64.9 mg, 0.056 mmol) and sodium carbonate (149 mg, 1.404 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (6 mL) and water (2 mL) was stirred at 100° C. overnight. After cooled to room temperature, the reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc (150 mL), and washed with water (3×15 mL). The organic layer was dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and the filtrate was concentrated. The crude product was purified on a silica gel column, eluting with 0-40% EtOAc/DCM to afford tert-butyl 2-(3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazole-5(6H)-carboxylate (280 mg, 0.476 mmol, 85% yield). LC-MS calculated for C₃₂H₃₁ClN₃O₄S (M+H)⁺: m/z=588.2; found 588.3.

Step 3: tert-butyl 2-(3′-(7-cyano-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazole-5(6H)-carboxylate

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 12 with tert-butyl 2-(3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazole-5-carboxylate replacing (7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(pyrido[3,4-b]pyrazin-5-ylamino)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol in Step 1. LC-MS calculated for C₃₃H₃₁N₄O₄S (M+H)⁺: m/z=579.2; found 579.2.

Step 4: tert-butyl 2-(3′-(7-cyano-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazole-5(6H)-carboxylate

To a stirred solution of tert-butyl 2-(3′-(7-cyano-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-dd]thiazole-5-carboxylate (0.93 g, 1.607 mmol) in DCM (10.0 mL), dess-martin periodinane (1.022 g, 2.411 mmol) was added at room temperature. After 1 hour, the reaction mixture was quenched with saturated aq. NaHCO₃, and extracted with DCM (4×80 mL). The organic layers were combined, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to afford crude tert-butyl 2-(3′-(7-cyano-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazole-5(6H)-carboxylate (0.90 g, 1.56 mmol, 97% yield), which was used directly in the next step without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₃₃H₂₉N₄O₄S (M+H)⁺: m/z=577.2; found 577.1.

Step 5: 2-(3′-(5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile

tert-butyl 2-(3′-(7-cyano-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazole-5(6H)-carboxylate (200 mg, 0.347 mmol) was dissolved in DCM (1 mL) and TFA (1 mL). The resulted solution was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. The volatiles were then removed under reduced pressure to afford 2-(3′-(5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile as its TFA salt, which was used directly in the next step without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₂₈H₂₁N₄O₂S (M+H)⁺: m/z=477.1; found 477.1.

Step 6: 2-(3′-(5-(2-(dimethylamino)acetyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile

To a stirred solution of 2-(3′-(5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile (100.0 mg, 0.210 mmol) and dimethylglycine (26.0 mg, 0.250 mmol) in DMF (5.0 ml), N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-O-(7-azabenzotriazol-1-yl)uronium hexafluorophosphate (79.8 mg, 0.210 mmol), and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (146.2 μl, 0.84 mmol) were added sequentially at room temperature. After 1 hour, the reaction was diluted with EtOAc (100 mL) and washed with water (3×10 mL). The organic layer was dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated to afford crude 2-(3′-(5-(2-(dimethylamino)acetyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile (105 mg, 0.187 mmol, 89% yield). LC-MS calculated for C₃₂H₂₈N₅O₃S (M+H)⁺: m/z=562.2; found 562.2.

Step 7: (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2-(dimethylamino)acetyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

A solution of (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (15.37 mg, 0.134 mmol), 2-(3′-(5-(dimethylglycyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile (50.0 mg, 0.089 mmol) and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (0.019 mL, 0.107 mmol) in CH₂Cl₂ (5.0 mL) was allowed to stir for 1 hour. Then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (56.6 mg, 0.267 mmol) was added. The resulted mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The volatiles were removed under reduced pressure and the residue was purified by prep LCMS (pH 2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as its TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₇H₃₇N₆O₄S (M+H)⁺: m/z=661.3; found 661.2. ¹H NMR (600 MHz, DMSO) δ 8.38 (s, 1H), 8.20 (dd, J=7.9, 1.2 Hz, 1H), 8.12 (s, 1H), 7.75-7.70 (m, 1H), 7.59 (t, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 7.50-7.45 (m, 2H), 7.33 (d, J=6.4 Hz, 1H), 4.99-4.64 (m, 4H), 4.56 (br, s, 2H), 4.29 (d, J=12.3 Hz, 2H), 3.72-3.16 (m, 5H), 2.87 (s, 3H), 2.86 (s, 3H), 2.44 (s, 3H), 2.20 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 3H), 2.25-1.99 (m, 2H).

Example 106 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(3-(dimethylamino)propanoyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 105 with 3-(dimethylamino)propanoic acid replacing dimethylglycine in Step 6. The crude product was purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired compound as its TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₈H₃₉N₆O₄S (M+H)⁺: m/z=675.3; found 675.3.

Example 107 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(5-((S)-1-methylpyrrolidine-2-carbonyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazol-2-yl)biphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 105 with (S)-1-methylpyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid replacing dimethylglycine in Step 6. The crude product was purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired compound as its TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₉H₃₉N₆O₄S (M+H)⁺: m/z=687.3; found 687.2.

Example 108 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(5-(2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)acetyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazol-2-yl)biphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 105 with 2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)acetic acid replacing dimethylglycine in Step 6. The crude product was purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired compound as its TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₄₀H₄₂N₇O₄S (M+H)⁺: m/z=716.3; found 716.2.

Example 109 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2-(dimethylamino)acetyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)-3-methylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 105 with (R)-3-methylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid replacing (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid in Step 7. The crude product was purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired compound as its TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₈H₃₉N₆O₄S (M+H)⁺: m/z=675.3; found 675.3.

Example 110 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2-(isopropylamino)acetyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: (R)-1-((2-(3′-(5-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

A slurry of (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (39.9 mg, 0.347 mmol), tert-butyl 2-(3′-(7-cyano-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazole-5-carboxylate (Example 105, Step 4: 100.0 mg, 0.173 mmol) and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (0.045 mL, 0.260 mmol) in CH₂Cl₂ (5.0 mL) was allowed to stir for 1 hour at room temperature. Then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (110 mg, 0.520 mmol) was added. The resulted mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. Then the mixture was diluted with DCM (100 mL) and washed with water (3×15 mL). The aqueous layers were combined and extracted with DCM/iPrOH (2:1, 3×30 mL). The organic layers were combined, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and the filtrate was concentrated to afford crude product, which was used in the next step without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₃₈H₃₈N₅O₅S (M+H)⁺: m/z=676.3; found 676.2.

Step 2: (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

(R)-1-((2-(3′-(5-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (105 mg, 0.155 mmol) was dissolved in DCM/TFA (1:1, 2.0 mL). The resulted solution was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. The volatiles were removed under reduced pressure to afford the desired product as its TFA salt, which was used directly in the next step without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₃₃H₃₀N₅O₃S (M+H)⁺: m/z=576.2; found 576.2.

Step 3: (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(5-(2-oxoacetyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazol-2-yl)biphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-ylmethyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

To a stirred solution of (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (700.0 mg, 1.216 mmol) and 2-oxoacetic acid (270 mg, 3.65 mmol) in DMF (8.0 ml), N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethyl-O-(7-azabenzotriazol-1-yl)uronium hexafluorophosphate (462 mg, 1.216 mmol), and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (0.424 ml, 2.432 mmol) were added sequentially at rt. After 1 h, the mixture was diluted with EtOAc (200 mL) and washed with water (3×25 mL). The aqueous layers were combined and extracted with DCM/iPrOH (2:1, 3×50 mL). The organic layers were combined, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and the filtrate was concentrated to afford the desired aldehyde (710 mg, 1.12 mmol, 92.3% yield). LC-MS calculated for C₃₅H₃₀N₅O₅S (M+H)⁺: m/z=632.2; found 632.2.

Step 4: (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2-(isopropylamino)acetyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

A slurry of propan-2-amine (5.61 mg, 0.095 mmol) and (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(5-(2-oxoacetyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazol-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (30.0 mg, 0.047 mmol), N,N-diisopropylethylamine (0.025 ml, 0.142 mmol) in DMF (3.0 ml) was allowed to stir for 1 h at room temperature. Sodium cyanoborohydride (8.95 mg, 0.142 mmol) was then added. The resulted mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was then diluted with MeOH and was purified on prep-LCMS (pH 2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as its TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₈H₃₉N₆O₄S (M+H)⁺: m/z=675.3; found 675.2. ¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) δ 8.85 (s, 1H), 8.40 (s, 1H), 8.22 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 1H), 8.14 (s, 1H), 7.74 (d, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 7.61 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 1H), 7.49 (t, J=6.9 Hz, 2H), 7.35 (d, J=7.5 Hz, 1H), 5.09-4.66 (m, 4H), 4.57 (s, 2H), 4.09 (m, 2H), 3.70-3.15 (m, 6H), 2.46 (s, 3H), 2.23 (m, 1H), 2.22 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 3H), 2.07 (m, 1H), 1.28 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 6H).

Example 111 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2-((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)acetyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 110 with (R)-pyrrolidin-3-ol replacing propan-2-amine in Step 4. The crude product was purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired compound as its TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₉H₃₉N₆O₅S (M+H)⁺: m/z=703.3; found 703.2.

Example 112 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2-((S)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)acetyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 110 with (S)-pyrrolidin-3-ol replacing propan-2-amine in Step 4. The crude product was purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired compound as its TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₉H₃₉N₆O₅S (M+H)⁺: m/z=703.3; found 703.2.

Example 113 (R)-1-((2-(3′-(5-(2-(azetidin-1-yl)acetyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyano benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 110 with azetidin replacing propan-2-amine in Step 4. The crude product was purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired compound as its TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₈H₃₇N₆O₄S (M+H)⁺: m/z=673.3; found 673.2.

Example 114 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2-(ethyl(methyl)amino)acetyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 110 with N-methylethanamine replacing propan-2-amine in Step 4. The crude product was purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired compound as its TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₈H₃₉N₆O₄S (M+H)⁺: m/z=675.3; found 675.3.

Example 115 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2-((S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)acetyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 110 with (S)-3-methylpyrrolidin-3-ol replacing propan-2-amine in Step 4. The crude product was purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired compound as its TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₄₀H₄₁N₆O₅S (M+H)⁺: m/z=717.3; found 717.2.

Example 116 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2-((R)-3-hydroxy-3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)acetyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 110 with (R)-3-methylpyrrolidin-3-ol replacing propan-2-amine in Step 4. The crude product was purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired compound as its TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₄₀H₄₁N₆O₅S (M+H)⁺: m/z=717.3; found 717.3.

Example 117 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-isopropyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)-N-methylpyrrolidine-3-carboxamide

In a 1 dram vial (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-isopropyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (Example 63, final product: 20 mg, 0.032 mmol) and methylamine in THF (2.0 M, 100 uL) were dissolved in DMF. DIPEA (27.6 μl, 0.158 mmol) and N-[(Dimethylamino)-1H-1,2,3-triazolo-[4,5-b]pyridin-1-ylmethylene]-N-methylmethanaminium hexafluorophosphate N-oxide (36.1 mg, 0.095 mmol) were added to the reaction mixture in one portion. After 5 h, the reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as the TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₈H₄₁N₆O₂S (M+H)⁺: m/z=645.3; found 645.2.

Example 118 N-(2-(((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-isopropyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)amino)ethyl)acetamide

Step 1: 2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile

In a 4 dram vial tert-butyl 2-(3′-(7-cyano-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-6,7-dihydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate (Example 63, Step 1: 368 mg, 0.62 mmol) in methanol (3 ml) was treated with 4 N HCl in 1,4-dioxane (2 mL). The reaction mixture was heated to 40° C. After 2 h, the reaction mixture was concentrated to dryness and used as crude without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₂₉H₂₅N₄₀₂S (M+H)⁺: m/z=493.2; found 493.1.

Step 2: 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-(3′-(5-isopropyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile

In a 1 dram vial 2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile (306 mg, 0.62 mmol) was dissolved in DCM (3 mL) to give a yellow solution. Acetone (306 μL, 4.17 mmol) and DIPEA (292 μL, 1.67 mmol) were added to the reaction mixture. After 1 h, sodium triacetoxyborohydride (880 mg, 4.17 mmol) was added to the reaction mixture. After 5 h, saturated NaHCO₃ (5 mL) was added followed by extraction with DCM (5 mL×4). The combined organic layers were dried Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated. The crude product was used directly in the next step. LC-MS calculated for C₃₂H₃₁N₄O₂S (M+H)⁺: m/z=535.2; found 535.3.

Step 3: 5-formyl-2-(3′-(5-isopropyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile

To a solution of 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-(3′-(5-isopropyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile (332 mg, 0.62 mmol) in DCM (4 mL) was added Dess-Martin periodinane (395 mg, 0.93 mmol). After 1 h, saturated NaHCO₃ (5 mL) was added to the reaction mixture followed by extraction with DCM (5 mL×3). The combined organic layers were dried Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated. The crude product was used for next step without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₃₂H₂₉N₄O₂S (M+H)⁺: m/z=533.2; found 533.3.

Step 4: N-(2-(((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-isopropyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)amino)ethyl)acetamide

In a 1 dram vial 5-formyl-2-(3′-(5-isopropyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile (10 mg, 0.019 mmol), DIPEA (5 μL, 0.032 mmol) and N-acetylethylenediamine (Aldrich, cat#397261: 5 mg) were dissolved in DMF (0.5 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at r.t. for 12 h, and then sodium cyanoborohydride (6 mg, 0.095 mmol) was added to the reaction mixture in one portion. After 2 h, the reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as the TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₆H₃₉N₆O₂S (M+H)⁺: m/z=619.3; found 619.2.

Example 119 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-isopropyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxamide

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 117 with ethanolamine replacing methylamine. The reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as the TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₉H₄₃N₆O₃S (M+H)⁺: m/z=675.3; found 675.3.

Example 120 5-(((2-hydroxyethyl)amino)methyl)-2-(3′-(5-isopropyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 118 with ethanolamine replacing N-acetylethylenediamine in Step 4. The reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as the TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₄H₃₆N₅O₂S (M+H)⁺: m/z=578.3; found 578.2.

Example 121 (R)-5-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-2-(3′-(5-isopropyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 118 with (R)-3-Hydroxypyrrolidine (Aldrich, cat#382981) replacing N-acetylethylenediamine in Step 4. The reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as the TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₆H₃₈N₅O₂S (M+H)⁺:m/z=604.3; found 604.2.

Example 122 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(dimethylglycyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-2, 2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: Benzyl 6-oxa-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-3-carboxylate

To a solution of benzyl 2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrole-1-carboxylate (Aldrich, cat#494127: 12.4 g, 61.0 mmol) in DCM (200 ml) was added meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (16.20 g, 61.0 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 h. The reaction was quenched with saturated. NaHCO₃ solution, the organic layer was separated; the aqueous layer was extracted with DCM once. The combined organic layer was dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated. The crude was purified with flash chromatography (eluting with 0-50% ethyl acetate in hexanes) to give the desired product as clear oil (13 g, 97%). LC-MS calculated for C₁₂H₁₄NO₃ (M+H)⁺: m/z=220.1; found 220.1.

Step 2: Benzyl 3-amino-4-hydroxypyrrolidine-1-carboxylate

To a flask was charged with benzyl 6-oxa-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-3-carboxylate (13.0 g, 59.3 mmol) and ammonium hydroxide (115 ml, 2.96 mol). The reaction mixture was heated at 90° C. overnight. The solvent was removed. The residue was used in the next step without purification. LC-MS calculated for C₁₂H₁₇N₂O₃ (M+H)⁺: m/z=237.1; found 237.1.

Step 3: Benzyl 3-(3-bromo-2-methylbenzamido)-4-hydroxypyrrolidine-1-carboxylate

A solution of 3-bromo-2-methylbenzoic acid (9.70 g, 45.1 mmol) in DMF (226 ml) was added N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-O-(7-azabenzotriazol-1-yl)uronium hexafluorophosphate (18.87 g, 49.6 mmol). After stirring for 5 min, benzyl 3-amino-4-hydroxypyrrolidine-1-carboxylate (10.66 g, 45.1 mmol) and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (23.57 ml, 135 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 h. The reaction was diluted with water, the aqueous layer was extracted with DCM once. The combined organic layers were dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified with flash chromatography (eluting with 0-60% ethyl acetate in hexanes) to give the desired product (11.5 g, 59%). LC-MS calculated for C₂₀H₂₂BrN₂O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=433.1; found 433.1.

Step 4. benzyl 3-(3-bromo-2-methylbenzamido)-4-oxopyrrolidine-1-carboxylate

To a solution of benzyl 3-(3-bromo-2-methylbenzamido)-4-hydroxypyrrolidine-1-carboxylate (16.50 g, 38.1 mmol) in DCM (200 ml) was added Dess-Martin periodinane (19.38 g, 45.7 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with Et₂O and 1 M NaOH solution. After stirring for 1 h, the organic layer was separated and dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified with flash chromatography (eluting with 0-50% ethyl acetate in hexanes) to give the desired product (9.2 g, 56%). LC-MS calculated for C₂₀H₂₀BrN₂O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=431.1; found 431.1.

Step 5: benzyl 2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazole-5-carboxylate

To a solution of benzyl 3-(3-bromo-2-methylbenzamido)-4-oxopyrrolidine-1-carboxylate (9.23 g, 21.40 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (100 ml) was added POCl₃ (2.00 ml, 21.40 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at 110° C. for 3 h. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was diluted with saturated NaHCO₃ solution and ethyl acetate. The aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate once. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated. The precipitate was collected via filtration and washed with ethyl acetate and hexanes to give the desired product as off white solid (4.85 g, 55%). LC-MS calculated for C₂₀H₁₈BrN₂O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=413.0; found 413.0.

Step 6. 2-(3-Bromo-2-methylphenyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazole

To solution of benzyl 2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazole-5-carboxylate (3.70 g, 8.95 mmol) in DCM (60 ml) was added 1 M BBr₃ in DCM solution (17.91 ml, 17.91 mmol) at 0° C. After stirring at same temperature for 1 h, the reaction mixture was diluted DCM and saturated NaHCO₃ solution. The resultant precipitate was collected vial filtration and dried under vacuum to give the desired product as white solid (2.0 g, 80%). LC-MS calculated for C₁₂H₁₂BrN₂O (M+H)⁺: m/z=279.0; found 279.0.

Step 7. 1-(2-(3-Bromo-2-methylphenyl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-5-yl)-2-(dimethylamino)ethan-1-one

A solution of dimethylglycine (20.5 mg, 0.199 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (1 ml) was added N,N,N′N-tetramethyl-O-(7-azabenzotriazol-1-yl)uronium hexafluorophosphate (104 mg, 0.274 mmol). After stirring for 5 min, 2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazole (55.5 mg, 0.199 mmol) and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (104 μl, 0.596 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with water, the aqueous layer was extracted with DCM once. The combined organic layers were dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified with silica gel column (eluting with 0-30% MeOH in DCM) to give the desired product (35 mg, 49%). LC-MS calculated for C₁₆H₁₉BrN₃O₂ (M+H)⁺: m/z=364.1; found 364.1.

Step 8: 2-(3′-(5-(dimethylglycyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile

A mixture of 1-(2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-5-yl)-2-(dimethylamino)ethan-1-one (35.0 mg, 0.096 mmol), 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile (Example 54, Step 2: 37.5 mg, 0.096 mmol), dicyclohexyl(2′,4′,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl-2-yl)phosphine-(2′-aminobiphenyl-2-yl)(chloro)palladium (1:1) (7.56 mg, 9.61 μmol) and tripotassium phosphate hydrate (48.7 mg, 0.211 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (1.5 mL)/water (0.5 mL) was stirred at 80° C. under N₂ atmosphere for 1 h. The mixture was diluted with methanol and 1 N HCl solution and purified with prep-LCMS (pH 2) to give the desired product as light yellow solid (28 mg, 53%). LC-MS calculated for C₃₂H₃₀N₅O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=548.2; found 548.3.

Step 9: 2-(3′-(5-(Dimethylglycyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile

To a solution of 2-(3′-(5-(dimethylglycyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile (28 mg, 0.051 mmol) in DCM (2 ml) was added Dess-Martin periodinane (26.0 mg, 0.061 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with Et₂O and 1 M NaOH solution. After stirring for 1 h, the organic layer was separated and dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated to give the desired product (28 mg, 100%). LC-MS calculated for C₃₂H₂₈N₅O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=546.2; found 546.3.

Step 10: (R)-1-((7-Cyano-2-(3′-(5-(dimethylglycyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

A mixture of (2-(3′-(5-(dimethylglycyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile (10.0 mg, 0.018 mmol), (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (2.1 mg, 0.018 mmol) in DCM (0.5 ml) was added DIEA (3.20 μl, 0.018 mmol). After stirring at room temperature for 2.5 h, sodium triacetoxyborohydride (7.77 mg, 0.037 mmol) was added and stirred overnight. Solvent was removed in vacuo. The residue was dissolved in methanol and water and purified with prep LCMS (pH 2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₇H₃₇N₆O₅ (M+H)⁺: m/z=645.3; found 645.3. ¹H NMR (600 MHz, DMSO) δ 8.39 (s, 1H), 8.22 (m, 1H), 8.13 (s, 1H), 8.00 (m, 1H), 7.61 (t, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 7.55-7.46 (m, 2H), 7.37 (d, J=7.5 Hz, 1H), 4.84 (d, J=2.7 Hz, 1H), 4.73 (d, J=2.7 Hz, 1H), 4.65 (t, J=2.8 Hz, 1H), 4.55 (m, 3H), 4.30 (d, J=11.9 Hz, 2H), 3.70-3.10 (m, 5H), 2.89 (s, 6H), 2.44 (s, 3H), 2.35 (m, 5H).

Example 123 1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(dimethylglycyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)azetidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 122 with azetidine-3-carboxylic acid replacing (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid in Step 10. The reaction mixture was purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₆H₃₅N₆O₅ (M+H)⁺: m/z=631.3; found 631.3.

Example 124 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(5-(methyl-L-prolyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: 2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-5-(methyl-L-prolyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazole

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 122 with methyl-L-proline replacing dimethylglycine in Step 7. LC-MS calculated for C₁₈H₂₁BrN₃O₂(M+H)⁺: m/z=390.1, 392.1; found 390.1, 392.1.

Step 2: 2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(5-(methyl-L-prolyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 122 with 2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-5-(methyl-L-prolyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazole replacing 1-(2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-5-yl)-2-(dimethylamino)ethan-1-one in Step 8 LC-MS calculated for C₃₄H₃₂N₅O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=574.2; found 574.2.

Step 3: 2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(5-(methyl-L-prolyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 122 with 2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(5-(methyl-L-prolyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile replacing 2-(3′-(5-(dimethylglycyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile in Step 9. LC-MS calculated for C₃₄H₃₀N₅O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=572.2; found 572.2.

Step 4: (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(5-(methyl-L-prolyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 122 with (2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(5-(methyl-L-prolyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile replacing (2-(3′-(5-(dimethylglycyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile in Step 10. The reaction mixture was purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₉H₃₉N₆O₅ (M+H)⁺: m/z=671.3; found 671.3.

Example 125 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(3-(dimethylamino)propanoyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: 1-(2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-5-yl)-3-(dimethylamino)propan-1-one

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 122 with 3-(dimethylamino)propanoic acid hydrochloride replacing dimethylglycine in Step 7. LC-MS calculated for C₁₇H₂₁BrN₃O₂(M+H)⁺: m/z=378.1, 380.1; found 378.1, 380.1.

Step 2: 2-(3′-(5-(3-(dimethylamino)propanoyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 122 with 1-(2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-5-yl)-3-(dimethylamino)propan-1-one replacing 1-(2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-5-yl)-2-(dimethylamino)ethan-1-one in Step 8. LC-MS calculated for C₃₃H₃₂N₅O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=562.2; found 562.2.

Step 3: 2-(3′-(5-(3-(dimethylamino)propanoyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 122 with 2-(3′-(5-(3-(dimethylamino)propanoyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile replacing 2-(3′-(5-(dimethylglycyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile in Step 9. LC-MS calculated for C₃₃H₃₀N₅O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=560.2; found 560.2.

Step 4: (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(3-(dimethylamino)propanoyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 122 with 2-(3′-(5-(3-(dimethylamino)propanoyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile replacing (2-(3′-(5-(dimethylglycyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile in Step 10. The reaction mixture was purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₈H₃₉N₆O₅ (M+H)⁺: m/z=659.3; found 659.3.

Example 126 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2-((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)acetyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: 1-(2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-5-yl)-2-chloroethan-1-one

A solution of 2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazole (1.04 g, 3.73 mmol) in CH₂Cl₂ (18 ml) was added 2-chloroacetyl chloride (0.421 g, 3.73 mmol) and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (1.947 ml, 11.18 mmol) at 0° C. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 h. The reaction was diluted with water, and the aqueous layer was extracted with DCM once. The combined organic layers were dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified with flash chromatography (eluting with 0-60% ethyl acetate in hexanes) to give the desired product as white solid (0.65 g, 49%). LC-MS calculated for C₁₄H₁₃BrClN₂O₂(M+H)⁺: m/z=355.0, 357.0; found 355.0, 357.0.

Step 2: (R)-1-(2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-5-yl)-2-(3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl) ethan-1-one

The mixture of 1-(2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-5-yl)-2-chloroethan-1-one (12 mg, 0.034 mmol), (R)-pyrrolidin-3-ol (2.94 mg, 0.034 mmol), potassium carbonate (4.66 mg, 0.034 mmol) and DMF (1.0 ml) was heated at 100° C. for 2 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with methanol and 1 N HCl, purified with prep LCMS (pH 2) to give the desired product (10 mg, 73%). LC-MS calculated for C₁₈H₂₁BrN₃O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=406.1, 408.1; found 406.1, 408.1.

Step 3: (R)-1-((2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-7-chlorobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

A mixture of (2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-7-chlorobenzo[d]oxazole-5-carbaldehyde (Example 10, Step 1: 3.38 g, 9.64 mmol), (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid hydrochloride (1.461 g, 9.64 mmol) in CH₂Cl₂ (150 ml) was added DIEA (3.87 ml, 22.17 mmol). After stirring at room temperature for 6.5 h, sodium triacetoxyborohydride (4.09 g, 19.28 mmol) was added and stirred overnight. Water was added and the mixture was stirred overnight. The precipitate was collected via filtration and washed with water and ethyl acetate. The organic layer was concentrated and purified with silica gel column (0-100% ethyl acetate in hexanes, then 0-35% methanol in DCM). LC-MS calculated for C₂₀H₁₉BrClN₂O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=449.0, 451.0; found 449.0, 451.0.

Step 4: (R)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

A microwave vial charged with (R)-1-((2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-7-chlorobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (1.20 g, 2.67 mmol), bis(pinacolato)diboron (0.813 g, 3.20 mmol), dichloro[1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]palladium (II) dichloromethane adduct (0.218 g, 0.267 mmol) and acetic acid, potassium salt, anhydrous (0.655 g, 6.67 mmol) was evacuated under vacuum and refilled with nitrogen and stirred at 95° C. for 2 h. The crude was diluted with DCM, and then filtered through a pad of Celite. The filtrate was concentrated. The residue was purified with flash chromatography (0-100% ethyl acetate in hexanes, then 0-35% methanol in DCM). LC-MS calculated for C₂₆H₃₁BClN₂O₅(M+H)⁺: m/z=497.2; found 497.1.

Step 5: (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

In a microwave vial was combined (R)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (1.25 g, 2.52 mmol), potassium ferrocyanide(II) hydrate (0.689 ml, 3.02 mmol), [(2-di-tert-butylphosphino-2′,4′,6′-triisopropyl-1,1′-biphenyl)-2-(2′-amino-1,1′-biphenyl)]palladium(II) methanesulfonate (0.200 g, 0.252 mmol), potassium acetate (0.247 g, 2.52 mmol), 1,4-dioxane (12 ml), and water (12 ml). The vial was capped and evacuated under vacuum and refilled with nitrogen. The reaction was heated to 100° C. for 2 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the mixture was diluted with MeOH, passed through a syringe filter and purified on prep LCMS (pH2) to give the desired product (0.72 g 59%). LC-MS calculated for C₂₇H₃₁BN₃O₅(M+H)⁺: m/z=488.2; found 488.3.

Step 6: (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2-((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)acetyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

A mixture of (R)-1-(2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-5-yl)-2-(3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)ethan-1-one (10 mg, 0.025 mmol), (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (12.00 mg, 0.025 mmol), dicyclohexyl(2′,4′,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl-2-yl)phosphine-(2′-aminobiphenyl-2-yl)(chloro)palladium (1:1) (1.937 mg, 2.461 μmol) and tripotassium phosphate hydrate (12.47 mg, 0.054 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (0.6 mL) and water (0.2 mL) was stirred at 80° C. under nitrogen atmosphere for 1 h. The residue was dissolved in methanol and 1 N HCl solution and purified with prep-LCMS (pH 2) to give the desired product as the TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₉H₃₉N₆O₆ (M+H)⁺: m/z=687.3; found 687.3. ¹H NMR (600 MHz, DMSO) δ 8.40 (d, J=1.2 Hz, 1H), 8.22 (m, 1H), 8.14 (d, J=1.4 Hz, 1H), 8.00 (m, 1H), 7.65-7.58 (m, 1H), 7.54-7.46 (m, 2H), 7.37 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 1H), 4.83-4.30 (m, 9H), 3.85-3.05 (m, 9H), 2.44 (s, 3H), 2.35 (m, 3H), 2.34-1.85 (m, 4H).

Example 127 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2-(3-hydroxyazetidin-1-yl)acetyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: 1-(2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-5-yl)-2-(3-hydroxyazetidin-1-yl)ethan-1-one

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 126 with azetidin-3-ol replacing (R)-pyrrolidin-3-ol in Step 2 LC-MS calculated for C₁₇H₁₉BrN₃O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=392.1, 394.1; found 392.1, 394.1.

Step 2: (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2-(3-hydroxyazetidin-1-yl)acetyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 126 with 1-(2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-5-yl)-2-(3-hydroxyazetidin-1-yl)ethan-1-one replacing (R)-1-(2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-5-yl)-2-(3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)ethan-1-one in Step 6. The reaction mixture was purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₈H₃₇N₆O₆ (M+H)⁺: m/z=673.3; found 673.3.

Example 128 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2-((S)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)acetyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: (S)-1-(2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-5-yl)-2-(3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl) ethan-1-one

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 126 with (S)-pyrrolidin-3-ol replacing (R)-pyrrolidin-3-ol in Step 2. LC-MS calculated for C₁₈H₂₁BrN₃O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=406.1, 408.1; found 406.1, 408.1.

Step 2: (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2-((S)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)acetyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 126 with (S)-1-(2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-5-yl)-2-(3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)ethan-1-one replacing (R)-1-(2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-5-yl)-2-(3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)ethan-1-one in Step 6. The reaction mixture was purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₉H₃₉N₆O₆ (M+H)⁺: m/z=687.3; found 687.3.

Example 129 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2-(3-hydroxy-3-methylazetidin-1-yl)acetyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: 1-(2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-5-yl)-2-(3-hydroxy-3-methylazetidin-1-yl)ethan-1-one

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 126 with 3-methylazetidin-3-ol hydrochloride replacing (R)-pyrrolidin-3-ol in Step 2 LC-MS calculated for C₁₈H₂₁BrN₃O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=406.1, 408.1; found 406.1, 408.1.

Step 2: (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2-(3-hydroxy-3-methylazetidin-1-yl)acetyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 126 with 1-(2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-5-yl)-2-(3-hydroxy-3-methylazetidin-1-yl)ethan-1-one replacing (R)-1-(2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-5-yl)-2-(3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)ethan-1-one in Step 6. The reaction mixture was purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₉H₃₉N₆O₆ (M+H)⁺: m/z=687.3; found 687.3.

Example 130 (R)-1-((2-(3′-(5-(2-(azetidin-1-yl)acetyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: 2-(azetidin-1-yl)-1-(2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-5-yl)ethan-1-one

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 126 with azetidine replacing (R)-pyrrolidin-3-ol in Step 2. LC-MS calculated for C₁₇H₁₉BrN₃O₂ (M+H)⁺: m/z=376.1, 378.1; found 376.1, 378.1.

Step 2: (R)-1-((2-(3′-(5-(2-(azetidin-1-yl)acetyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 126 with 2-(azetidin-1-yl)-1-(2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-5-yl)ethan-1-one replacing (R)-1-(2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-5-yl)-2-(3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)ethan-1-one in Step 6. The reaction mixture was purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₈H₃₇N₆O₅ (M+H)⁺: m/z=657.3; found 657.3.

Example 131 (S)-1-(2-(2-(3′-(7-cyano-5-(((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-5-yl)-2-oxoethyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: (S)-1-(2-(2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-5-yl)-2-oxoethyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

The mixture of 1-(2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-5-yl)-2-chloroethan-1-one (Example 126, Step 1; 15 mg, 0.042 mmol), (S)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (4.86 mg, 0.042 mmol), TEA (0.018 ml, 0.127 mmol) and N,N-dimethylformamide (1.0 ml) was heated at 60° C. for 2 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with methanol and 1 N HCl solution, then purified with prep-LCMS (pH 2) to give the desired product (12 mg, 65%). LC-MS calculated for C₁₉H₂₁BrN₃O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=434.1, 436.1; found 434.1, 436.1.

Step 2: (R)-1-((2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-7-chlorobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol

A mixture of (2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-7-chlorobenzo[d]oxazole-5-carbaldehyde (Example 10, Step 1: 0.50 g, 1.426 mmol), (R)-pyrrolidin-3-ol (0.124 g, 1.426 mmol) in CH₂Cl₂ (20 ml) was added DIEA (0.573 ml, 3.28 mmol). After stirring at room temperature for 6.5 h, sodium triacetoxyborohydride (0.605 g, 2.85 mmol) was added and stirred overnight. Water was added and The organic layer was separated and concentrated and purified with flash chromatography (eluting with 0-100% ethyl acetate in hexanes, then 0-35% methanol in DCM) to give the desired product (0.28 g, 46%). LC-MS calculated for C₁₉H₁₉BrClN₂O₂(M+H)⁺: m/z=421.0, 423.0; found 421.0, 423.0.

Step 3: (R)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol

A mixture of (R)-1-((2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-7-chlorobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol (278 mg, 0.659 mmol), bis(pinacolato)diboron (201 mg, 0.791 mmol), dichloro[1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]palladium (II) dichloromethane adduct (53.8 mg, 0.066 mmol) and acetic acid, potassium salt, anhydrous (162 mg, 1.648 mmol) was stirred under nitrogen atmosphere at 95° C. for 2 h. The crude was diluted with DCM, and then filtered through a pad of Celite. The filtrate was concentrated. The residue was purified with flash chromatography (0-100% ethyl acetate in hexanes, then 0-35% methanol in DCM). LC-MS calculated for C₂₅H₃₁BClN₂O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=469.2; found 469.2.

Step 4: (R)-5-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 126 with (R)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol replacing (R)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid in Step 5. LC-MS calculated for C₂₆H₃₁BN₃O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=460.2; found 460.2.

Step 5: (S)-1-(2-(2-(3′-(7-cyano-5-(((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-5-yl)-2-oxoethyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

A microwave vial charged with (S)-1-(2-(2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-5-yl)-2-oxoethyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (10.0 mg, 0.023 mmol), (R)-5-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile (10.58 mg, 0.023 mmol), dicyclohexyl(2′,4′,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl-2-yl)phosphine-(2′-aminobiphenyl-2-yl)(chloro)palladium (1:1) (1.812 mg, 2.303 μmol) and tripotassium phosphate hydrate (11.67 mg, 0.051 mmol) was evacuated under high vacuum and refilled with nitrogen (repeated three times). 1,4-Dioxane (0.6 mL) and water (0.2 mL) was added and resulting mixture was stirred at 80° C. for 1 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with methanol and 1 N HCl solution and purified with prep-LCMS (pH 2) to give the desired product as the TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₉H₃₉N₆O₆ (M+H)⁺: m/z=687.3; found 687.5.

Example 132 (R)-1-(2-(2-(3′-(7-cyano-5-(((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-5-yl)-2-oxoethyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: (R)-1-(2-(2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-5-yl)-2-oxoethyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 131 with (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid replacing (S)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid in Step 1 LC-MS calculated for C₁₉H₂₁BrN₃O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=434.1, 436.1; found 434.1, 436.1.

Step 2: (R)-1-(2-(2-(3′-(7-cyano-5-(((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-5-yl)-2-oxoethyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 131 with (R)-1-(2-(2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-5-yl)-2-oxoethyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid replacing (S)-1-(2-(2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-5-yl)-2-oxoethyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid in Step 5. The reaction mixture was purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₉H₃₉N₆O₆ (M+H)⁺: m/z=687.3; found 687.5.

Example 133 (S)-1-(2-(2-(3′-(7-cyano-5-(((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1″-biphenyl]-3-yl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-5-yl)-2-oxoethyl)piperidine-2-carboxylic acid

Step 1: (S)-1-(2-(2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-5-yl)-2-oxoethyl)piperidine-2-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 131 with (S)-piperidine-2-carboxylic acid replacing (S)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid in Step 1 LC-MS calculated for C₂₀H₂₃BrN₃O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=448.1, 450.1; found 448.1, 450.1.

Step 2: (S)-1-(2-(2-(3′-(7-cyano-5-(((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-5-yl)-2-oxoethyl)piperidine-2-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 131 with (S)-1-(2-(2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-5-yl)-2-oxoethyl)piperidine-2-carboxylic acid replacing (S)-1-(2-(2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-5-yl)-2-oxoethyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid in Step 5. The reaction mixture was purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₄₀H₄₁N₆O₆ (M+H)⁺: m/z=701.3; found 701.3.

Example 134 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(3-(pyrrolidin-1-ylmethyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)biphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 24 with pyrrolidine replacing (R)-pyrrolidin-3-ol in Step 1. The reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₄₁H₄₀N₇O₃ (M+H)⁺: m/z=678.3; found 678.3.

Example 135 (R)-1-((2-(3′-(3-(azetidin-1-ylmethyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethyl biphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 24 with azetidine replacing (R)-pyrrolidin-3-ol in Step 1. The reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₄₀H₃₈N₇O₃ (M+H)⁺: m/z=664.3; found 664.3.

Example 136 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-((3-hydroxyazetidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 24 with 3-hydroxyazetidine replacing (R)-pyrrolidin-3-ol in Step 1. The reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₄₀H₃₈N₇O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=680.3; found 680.2.

Example 137 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-(((R)-3-hydroxy-3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 24 with (R)-3-methylpyrrolin-3-ol replacing (R)-pyrrolidin-3-ol in Step 1. The reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₄₂H₄₂N₇O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=708.3; found 708.3.

Example 138 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-(((S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: 5-formyl-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile

To a solution of 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile (Example 54, Step 2: 1.00 g, 2.56 mmol) in DCM (17.0 mL) was added sodium bicarbonate (1.08 g, 12.81 mmol) followed by Dess-Martin periodinane (1.30 g, 3.07 mmol). The mixture was stirred at r.t. for 1 h. Then the mixture was loaded directly on silica gel. Purification of the mixture using EtOAc in DCM (0-30%) with 5% TEA by flash chromatography was performed. LCMS calculated for C₂₂H₂₂BN₂O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=389.2; found 389.2.

Step 2: (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

A mixture of 5-formyl-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile (901 mg, 2.321 mmol), (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (534 mg, 4.64 mmol) and triethylamine (647 μl, 4.64 mmol) in DCM (15.5 mL) was stirred at r.t. for 2 h. Then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (984 mg, 4.64 mmol) was added. The mixture was further stirred at r.t. for 1 h. The reaction was diluted in DCM, washed with water. The aqueous solution was back extracted with DCM for six times. The combined organic phase was concentrated and used directly. LCMS calculated for C₂₇H₃₁BN₃O₅(M+H)⁺: m/z=488.2; found 488.2.

Step 3: (S)-1-((8-(3-bromo-2-methylphenylamino)-, 7-naphthyridin-3-yl)methyl)-3-methylpyrrolidin-3-ol

This compound was prepared using similar procedure as described in Step 1, Example 24 with (S)-3-methylpyrrolin-3-ol replacing (R)-pyrrolidin-3-ol. LC-MS calculated for C₂₁H₂₄BrN₄O (M+H)⁺: m/z=427.1, 429.1; found 427.1, 429.1.

Step 4: (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-(((S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

A mixture of (S)-1-((8-((3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)amino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)methyl)-3-methylpyrrolidin-3-ol (12 mg, 0.028 mmol), (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl) pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (15 mg, 0.031 mmol), sodium carbonate (7.4 mg, 0.070 mmol) and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (3.2 mg, 2.8 mmol) in water (50 μl) and 1,4-dioxane (250 μl) was purged with N₂ and then stirred at 100° C. for 3 h. The reaction was cooled to room temperature and concentrated. The reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=10, acetonitrile/water+NH₄OH) to give the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₄₂H₄₂N₇O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=708.3; found 708.3.

Example 139 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(7-(((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrido[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: 7-bromo-N-(3-chloro-2-methylphenyl)pyrido[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4-amine

In a vial, 3-chloro-2-methylaniline (92 mg, 0.65 mmol) and 7-bromo-4-chloropyrido[3,2-d]pyrimidine (160 mg, 0.65 mmol) were suspended in 2-propanol (3.25 mL). Sulfuric acid (0.035 ml, 0.65 mmol) was added to the reaction mixture. The resulting mixture was heated to 100° C. for 1 h. The mixture was cooled, quenched with aqueous saturated sodium bicarbonate, and diluted with DCM. The layers were separated and the water layer was further extracted with DCM/2-propanol (3:1). The combined organic layers were dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude solid was used directly. LC-MS calculated for C₁₄H₁₁BrClN₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=349.0, 351.0; found 349.0, 351.0.

Step 2: N-(3-chloro-2-methylphenyl)-7-vinylpyrido[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4-amine

A mixture of 7-bromo-N-(3-chloro-2-methylphenyl)pyrido[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4-amine (149 mg, 0.427 mmol), 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-vinyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (79 mg, 0.51 mmol), sodium carbonate (113 mg, 1.069 mmol) and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0) (49 mg, 0.043 mmol) in tert-butanol (855 μl) and water (855 μl) was degassed with N₂ and sealed. It was stirred at 80° C. for 2 h. The reaction mixture was cooled then extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over MgSO₄, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude residue was used directly in the next step without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₁₆H₁₄ClN₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=297.1; found 297.1.

Step 3: 4-(3-chloro-2-methylphenylamino)pyrido[3,2-d]pyrimidine-7-carbaldehyde

A vial was charged with N-(3-chloro-2-methylphenyl)-7-vinylpyrido[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4-amine (0.121 g, 0.408 mmol), a stir bar, THF (3.26 mL) and water (0.815 ml). To this suspension was added osmium tetraoxide in water (4% w/w, 0.89 mL, 0.14 mmol) followed by sodium periodate (0.436 g, 2.039 mmol) was added. After stirring at r.t. for 1 h, the reaction was quenched with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium thiosulfate. The mixture was then extracted with ethyl acetate, and the combined organic layers were separated, washed with brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue was used directly. LC-MS calculated for C₁₅H₁₂ClN₄O (M+H)⁺: m/z=299.1; found 299.0.

Step 4: (R)-1-((4-(3-chloro-2-methylphenylamino)pyrido[3,2-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol

A mixture of 4-((3-chloro-2-methylphenyl)amino)pyrido[3,2-d]pyrimidine-7-carbaldehyde (0.120 g, 0.402 mmol) and (R)-pyrrolidin-3-ol (0.070 g, 0.803 mmol) in DCM (2.68 ml) was stirred at r.t. for 2 h. Then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (0.170 g, 0.803 mmol) was added. The mixture was further stirred at r.t. for 1 h. The reaction was diluted in DCM, washed with water. The aqueous solution was extracted with DCM for three times. The combined organic phase was concentrated and purified by column chromatography on silica gel (0-8% MeOH in DCM) to provide the desired product as white foam. LC-MS calculated for C₁₉H₂₁ClN₅O (M+H)⁺: m/z=370.1; found 370.2.

Step 5: (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(7-(((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrido[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 138 with (R)-1-((4-(3-chloro-2-methylphenylamino)pyrido[3,2-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol replacing (S)-1-((8-((3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)amino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)methyl)-3-methylpyrrolidin-3-ol and dichloro[1,1′-bis(dicyclohexylphosphino)ferrocene]palladium(II) replacing tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) in Step 4. The reaction was concentrated, then diluted in MeOH, filtered then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₄₀H₃₉N₈O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=695.3; found 695.3. ¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) δ 10.31 (s, 1H), 9.05 (s, 1H), 8.62 (s, 1H), 8.43 (d, J=1.9 Hz, 1H), 8.38 (d, J=1.3 Hz, 1H), 8.24-8.15 (m, 1H), 8.12 (d, J=1.4 Hz, 1H), 7.69 (d, J=7.4 Hz, 1H), 7.58 (t, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 7.47 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 1H), 7.40 (t, J=7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.13 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 1H), 4.87-4.35 (m, 5H), 3.74-3.02 (m, 9H), 2.47 (s, 3H), 2.39-1.87 (m, 4H), 1.98 (s, 3H).

Example 140 (3R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-(1-((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)ethyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: N-(3-chloro-2-methylphenyl)-3-vinyl-1,7-naphthyridin-8-amine

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 16 with 3-chloro-2-methylaniline replacing 3-bromo-2-methylaniline in Step 2. LC-MS calculated for C₁₇H₁₅ClN₃ (M+H)⁺: m/z=296.1; found 296.1.

Step 2: 8-(3-chloro-2-methylphenylamino)-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carbaldehyde

A vial was charged with N-(3-chloro-2-methylphenyl)-3-vinyl-1,7-naphthyridin-8-amine (391 mg, 1.322 mmol), a stir bar, 1,4-dioxane (10 mL) and water (3.3 mL). To this suspension was added osmium tetroxide, 4% w/w in water (519 μl, 0.066 mmol). The reaction was stirred for 5 min then sodium periodate (1414 mg, 6.61 mmol) was added. After stirring at r.t. for 1 h, the reaction was quenched with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium thiosulfate. The mixture was then extracted with ethyl acetate, and the combined organic layers were separated, washed with brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue was used directly. LC-MS calculated for C₁₆H₁₃ClN₃O (M+H)⁺: m/z=298.1; found 298.1.

Step 3: 1-(8-(3-chloro-2-methylphenylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)ethanone

To a solution of 8-((3-chloro-2-methylphenyl)amino)-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carbaldehyde (76 mg, 0.26 mmol) in THF (2.5 mL) was added methylmagnesium bromide (3.0 M in THF, 85 μl, 0.26 mmol) at 0° C. The mixture was stirred at this temperature for 20 min. Then the reaction was quenched by EtOAc, washed with water. The aqueous phase was extracted by EtOAc. The organic phase was combined, dried over MgSO₄, and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated and used directly. LC-MS calculated for C₁₇H₁₇ClN₃O (M+H)⁺: m/z=314.1; found 314.1. To the above residue in DCM (2 mL) was added dess-martin periodinane (141 mg, 0.332 mmol). The mixture was stirred at rt for 30 min. Then the reaction was quenched by NaHCO₃ sat. solution and Na₂S₂O₃ solution, and extracted with DCM. The organic phase was dried over MgSO₄ and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated and used directly. LC-MS calculated for C₁₇H₁₅ClN₃₀ (M+H)⁺: m/z=312.1; found 312.1.

Step 4: (3R)-1-(1-(8-(3-chloro-2-methylphenylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)ethyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 16 with 1-(8-(3-chloro-2-methylphenylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)ethanone replacing 8-(3-bromo-2-methylphenylamino)-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carbaldehyde in Step 4. LC-MS calculated for C₂₁H₂₄ClN₄O (M+H)⁺: m/z=383.2; found 383.1.

Step 5: (3R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-(1-((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)ethyl)-, 7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 138 with (3R)-1-(1-(8-(3-chloro-2-methylphenylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)ethyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol replacing (S)-1-((8-((3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)amino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)methyl)-3-methylpyrrolidin-3-ol and chloro(2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2′,4′,6′-triisopropyl-1,1′-biphenyl)[2-(2′-amino-1,1′-biphenyl)]palladium(II) replacing tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) in Step 4. The reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=10, acetonitrile/water+NH₄OH) to give the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₄₂H₄₂N₇O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=708.3; found 708.3.

Example 141 (R)-1-((8-(3′-(7-cyano-5-(((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-ylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: (R)-1-((8-(3-bromo-2-methylphenylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)methyl) pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

A mixture of 8-((3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)amino)-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carbaldehyde (Example 16, Step 3: 31 mg, 0.091 mmol) and (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (20.9 mg, 0.181 mmol) in DCM (450 μl) was stirred at rt for 0.5 h. Then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (28.8 mg, 0.136 mmol) and acetic acid (8.0 μl, 0.14 mmol) was added. The mixture was further stirred at room temperature for 1 h. The reaction was quenched by water, and extracted with DCM. The organic phased was dried over MgSO₄, filtered, concentrated and purified by column chromatography (0-10% MeOH in DCM). LC-MS calculated for C₂₁H₂₂BrN₄O₂(M+H)⁺: m/z=441.1, 443.1; found 441.2, 443.2.

Step 2: (R)-1-((8-(3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-ylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

A mixture of (R)-1-((8-((3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)amino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (28 mg, 0.063 mmol), (7-chloro-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol (Example 1, Step 5; 28 mg, 0.070 mmol), sodium carbonate (16.8 mg, 0.159 mmol) and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (5.1 mg, 4.4 μmol) in water (106 μl) and 1,4-dioxane (529 μl) was purged with N₂ and then stirred at 100° C. for 4 h. The reaction was cooled to room temperature. The reaction mixture was diluted with DCM and H₂O. The layers were separated. The aqueous layer was extracted with DCM three times. The organic layer was dried MgSO₄, filtered and concentrated to give a crude residue, which was purified by flash chromatography on a silica gel column eluting with 0 to 14% MeOH/DCM to give the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₃₆H₃₃ClN₅O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=634.2; found 634.3.

Step 3: (R)-1-((8-(3′-(7-chloro-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-ylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

To a solution of (R)-1-((8-((3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)amino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (9 mg, 0.014 mmol) in DCM (142 μl) was added dess-martin periodinane (7.2 mg, 0.017 mmol). The mixture was stirred at r.t. for 20 min. The reaction was used directly for next step. LC-MS calculated for C₃₆H₃₁ClN₅O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=632.2; found 632.2.

Step 4: (R)-1-((8-(3′-(7-chloro-5-(((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-ylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

A mixture of (R)-1-((8-((3′-(7-chloro-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)amino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (8.3 mg, 0.013 mmol) and (R)-pyrrolidin-3-ol (2.3 mg, 0.026 mmol) in DCM (66.0 μl) was stirred at r.t. for 0.5 h. Then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (4.20 mg, 0.020 mmol) was added. The mixture was further stirred at r.t. for 1 h. The reaction was quenched by water, and extracted with DCM five times. The organic layer was dried over MgSO₄, then filtered, concentrated to provide a crude product, which was used directly. LC-MS calculated for C₄₀H₄₀ClN₆O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=703.3; found 703.3.

Step 5: (R)-1-((8-(3′-(7-cyano-5-(((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-ylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

A mixture of (R)-1-((8-((3′-(7-chloro-5-(((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)amino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (5.8 mg, 8.2 μmol), potassium ferrocyanide(II) hydrate (3.5 mg, 8.2 μmol), potassium acetate (0.40 mg, 4.1 μmol) and methanesulfonato (2-di-t-butylphosphino-2′,4′,6′-tri-1-propyl-1,1′-biphenyl)(2′-amino-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)palladium(II) (1.310 mg, 1.650 μmol) in 1,4-dioxane (41 μl) and water (41 μl) was stirred and heated at 80° C. for 4 h. After cooling to r.t., the reaction was concentrated, then diluted in MeOH, filtered then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=10, acetonitrile/water+NH₄OH) to give the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₄₁H₄₀N₇O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=694.3; found 694.3.

Example 142 (S)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(5-ethyl-1-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)-2-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: N-(2-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-ethyl-1-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide

To a solution of tert-butyl 2-(2-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-ylcarbamoyl)-1-methyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate (Example 92, Step 1: 140 mg, 0.211 mmol) in DCM (3 mL) was added trifluoroacetic acid (1.0 mL). The solution was stirred at r.t. for 1 hour, then concentrate to dryness. To a solution of above residue in DCM (5.00 mL) was added TEA (0.059 mL, 0.423 mmol), then acetaldehyde (0.060 mL, 1.056 mmol). After the reaction mixture was stirred at r.t. 30 min, sodium triacetoxyborohydride (134 mg, 0.634 mmol) was added. The mixture was stirred at r.t. 2 hours, quenched with sat. NH₄Cl solution, and extracted with DCM. The combined extracts were washed with water and brine, dried over MgSO₄, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash chromatography on a silica gel column eluting with 10% MeOH in DCM to afford the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₃₁H₃₀Cl₂N₅O₃ (M+H)⁺: m/z=590.2; found 590.1.

Step 2: N-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-ethyl-1-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 12 with N-(2-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-ethyl-1-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide replacing (7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(pyrido[3,4-b]pyrazin-5-ylamino)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol in Step 1. LC-MS calculated for C₃₂H₃₀ClN₆O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=581.2; found 581.2.

Step 3: N-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-ethyl-1-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide

To a stirred solution of N-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-ethyl-1-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide (60.0 mg, 0.103 mmol) in DCM (3.0 ml) was added sodium bicarbonate (87 mg, 1.033 mmol) and dess-martin periodinane (65.7 mg, 0.155 mmol). The resulted mixture was stirred at r.t. for 2 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with water then extracted with DCM. The combined extracts were washed with water and brine, dried over MgSO₄, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was used in the next step directly. LC-MS calculated for: C₃₂H₂₈ClN₆O₃: m/z=579.2; found 579.2.

Step 4: (S)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(5-ethyl-1-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)-2-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

To a solution of N-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-ethyl-1-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide (10 mg, 0.017 mmol) in DCM (1 ml) was added (S)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (9.94 mg, 0.086 mmol) and DIEA (0.024 ml, 0.138 mmol), the mixture was stirred at r.t. 60 min, then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (10.98 mg, 0.052 mmol) was added, and continue to stirred at r.t. over night. The reaction mixture was concentrated, and the residue was dissolved in MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₇H₃₇ClN₇O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=678.3; found 678.3.

Example 143 (R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(5-ethyl-1-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)-2-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 147 with (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid replacing (S)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid in Step 4. The reaction mixture was concentrated, the residue was dissolved in MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₇H₃₇ClN₇O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=678.3; found 678.3.

Example 144 (S)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-((4-(((S)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-yl)amino)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: 8-((3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)amino)-1,7-naphthyridin-4(1H)-one

A mixture of 3-bromo-2-methylaniline (280.0 mg, 1.505 mmol), 8-chloro-1,7-naphthyridin-4(1H)-one (272 mg, 1.505 mmol) and 4M HCl in dioxane (376 μL) was heated in tert-butanol (7.5 mL) at 120° C. for 2 hours. After the reaction mixture was cooled to r.t., it was concentrated to dryness and used in the next step directly without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₁₅H₁₃BrN₃O (M+H)⁺: m/z=330.0, 332.0; found 330.0, 332.0.

Step 2: N-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-4-chloro-1,7-naphthyridin-8-amine

Phosphoryl chloride (0.494 mL, 5.30 mmol) was added to a mixture of 8-((3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)amino)-1,7-naphthyridin-4(1H)-one (350 mg, 1.060 mmol), benzyltriethylammonium chloride (483 mg, 2.120 mmol) and N,N-diethylaniline (0.253 mL, 1.590 mmol) in acetonitrile (10 mL) and then the reaction was stirred at 80° C. for 1 h. The solvent was then removed, and the residue was diluted with DCM, washed with sat'd NaHCO₃ aqueous solution, water, brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified by flash chromatography on a silica gel column eluting with 2% ethyl acetate in DCM to afford the desired product. LCMS calculated for C₁₅H₁₂BrClN₃ (M+H)⁺: m/z=348.0, 350.0, found 348.0, 350.0.

Step 3: (7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-((4-vinyl-1,7-naphthyridin-8-yl)amino)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol

The mixture of N-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-4-chloro-1,7-naphthyridin-8-amine (130 mg, 0.373 mmol), (7-chloro-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol (Example 1, Step 5; 149 mg, 0.373 mmol), 1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene-palladium(II)dichloride dichloromethane complex (18.27 mg, 0.022 mmol) and sodium carbonate (119 mg, 1.119 mmol) in dioxane (5.0 mL) and water (1.0 mL) was vacuumed and refilled with N₂. Then the mixture was stirred at 90° C. for 2 hs. After the reaction mixture was cooled to r.t., to this reaction mixture was added 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-vinyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (115 mg, 0.746 mmol) and another portion of catalyst. The reaction mixture was degassed with N₂ and heated at 100° C. for another 5 hours. After being cooled to room temperature, the reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash chromatography on a silica gel column eluting with 20% AcOEt in DCM to afford the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₃₂H₂₆ClN₄O₂(M+H)⁺: m/z=533.2; found 533.2.

Step 4: 8-((3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)amino)-1,7-naphthyridine-4-carbaldehyde

To a solution of (7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-((4-vinyl-1,7-naphthyridin-8-yl)amino)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol (200 mg, 0.375 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (10 mL) and water (2 mL) was added osmium tetraoxide (4% w/w in water, 0.014 ml) at room temperature. The mixture was stirred for 10 min and then sodium periodate (241 mg, 1.126 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred at r.t. for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was diluted with water then extracted with DCM. The combined extracts were washed with water and brine, dried over MgSO₄, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash chromatography on a silica gel column eluting with 25% AcOEt in DCM to afford the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₃₁H₂₄ClN₄O₃ (M+H)⁺: m/z=535.1; found 535.1.

Step 5: (S)-1-((8-((3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)amino)-1,7-naphthyridin-4-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol

To a solution of 8-((3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)amino)-1,7-naphthyridine-4-carbaldehyde (100 mg, 0.187 mmol) in DCM (4 mL) was added (S)-pyrrolidin-3-ol (32.6 mg, 0.374 mmol), the mixture was stirred at r.t. 10 min, then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (119 mg, 0.561 mmol) was added, continue to stir at r.t. over night. The reaction mixture was diluted with water then extracted with DCM. The combined extracts were washed with water and brine, dried over MgSO₄, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the desired compound, which was used for next step without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₃₅H₃₃ClN₅O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=606.2; found 606.2.

Step 6: (S)-7-chloro-2-(3′-((4-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-yl)amino)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazole-5-carbaldehyde

A suspension of (S)-1-((8-((3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)amino)-1,7-naphthyridin-4-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol (80 mg, 0.132 mmol) and manganese(IV) oxide (229 mg, 2.64 mmol) in DCM (10 ml) was stirred at 45° C. for 3 hours. After cooling, the solid was filtered off and washed with DCM thoroughly.

The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash chromatography on a silica gel column eluting with 10% MeOH in DCM to afford the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₃₅H₃₁ClN₅O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=604.2; found 604.2.

Step 7: (S)-5-formyl-2-(3′-((4-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-yl)amino)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 12 with (S)-7-chloro-2-(3′-((4-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-yl)amino)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazole-5-carbaldehyde replacing (7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(pyrido[3,4-b]pyrazin-5-ylamino)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol in Step 1. LC-MS calculated for: C₃₆H₃₁N₆O₃: m/z=595.2; found 595.2.

Step 8: (S)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-((4-(((S)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-yl)amino)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

To a solution of (S)-5-formyl-2-(3′-((4-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-yl)amino)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile (10 mg, 0.017 mmol) in DCM (1 ml) was added (S)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (9.68 mg, 0.084 mmol) and DIEA (0.023 ml, 0.135 mmol), the mixture was stir at r.t. 60 min, then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (10.69 mg, 0.050 mmol) was added, and continued to stir at r.t. overnight. The reaction was concentrated, then diluted in MeOH, filtered, and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₄₁H₄₀N₇O₄ (M+H): m/z=694.3; found 694.3.

Example 145 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-((4-(((S)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-yl)amino)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 144 with (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid replacing (S)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid in Step 8. The reaction was concentrated, then diluted in MeOH, filtered then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₄₁H₄₀N₇O₄ (M+H): m/z=694.3; found 694.3.

Example 146 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-((3-((((S)-2-hydroxypropyl)amino)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-yl)amino)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: N-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-3-(chloromethyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-amine

To a solution of (8-((3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)amino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)methanol (Affinity Research Chemicals, cat#ARI-0169: 200 mg, 0.581 mmol) in DCM (5 ml) was added thionyl chloride (51 μl, 0.699 mmol) dropwise. The reaction mixture was stirred at r.t. 30 minutes. LC/MS check reaction completed. The reaction mixture was concentrated to dryness under reduced pressure. The residue was washed with hexanes, filtered to afford the desired compound and used in the next step directly. LC-MS calculated for C₁₆H₁₄BrClN₃ (M+H)⁺: m/z=362.0, 364.0; found 362.0, 364.0.

Step 2: (S)-1-(((8-((3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)amino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)methyl)amino)propan-2-ol

To a solution of N-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-3-(chloromethyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-amine (15 mg, 0.041 mmol) in ACN (1 ml) was added DIEA (0.022 ml, 0.124 mmol) and(S)-1-aminopropan-2-ol (3.11 mg, 0.041 mmol), the mixture was stir at 60° C. overnight.

The reaction mixture was diluted with water and then extracted with DCM. The combined extracts were washed with NaHCO₃ aqueous solution and brine, dried over MgSO₄, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the desired product, which was used in the next step without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₁₉H₂₂BrN₄O (M+H)⁺: m/z=401.1, 403.1; found 401.1, 403.1.

Step 3: (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-((3-((((S)-2-hydroxypropyl)amino)methyl)-, 7-naphthyridin-8-yl)amino)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 138 with (S)-1-(((8-((3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)amino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)methyl)amino)propan-2-ol replacing (S)-1-((8-((3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)amino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)methyl)-3-methylpyrrolidin-3-ol in Step 4. The reaction was concentrated, then diluted in MeOH, filtered, and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₄₀H₄₀N₇O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=682.2; found 682.2.

Example 147 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-((3-((((R)-2-hydroxypropyl)amino)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-yl)amino)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 146 with (R)-1-(((8-((3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)amino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)methyl)amino)propan-2-ol replacing (S)-1-((8-((3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)amino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)methyl)-3-methylpyrrolidin-3-ol in Step 3. The reaction was concentrated, then diluted in MeOH, filtered then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₄₀H₄₀N₇O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=682.2; found 682.2.

Example 148 (R)-1-((7-chloro-2-(3′-((2-chloro-5-((5-cyanopyridin-3-yl)methoxy)-4-(((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)phenoxy)methyl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: 4-((3-bromo-2-methylbenzyl)oxy)-5-chloro-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde

To a mixture of (3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)methanol (2.330 g, 11.59 mmol), 5-chloro-2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (2.0 g, 11.59 mmol) and triphenylphosphine (3.65 g, 13.91 mmol) in THF (10 ml) at 0° C. was added diisopropyl azodicarboxylate (2.93 ml, 15.07 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The mixture was concentrated and diluted with EtOAc. The solid was collected by filtration to give the desired ether (2.0 g, 5.62 mmol, 48.5% yield). LCMS calculated for C₁₅H₁₃BrClO₃ (M+H)⁺: m/z=357.2; found 357.2.

Step 2: 5-((5-((3-bromo-2-methylbenzyl)oxy)-4-chloro-2-formylphenoxy)methyl)nicotinonitrile

A mixture of 4-((3-bromo-2-methylbenzyl)oxy)-5-chloro-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde (2.0 g, 5.62 mmol), 5-(chloromethyl)nicotinonitrile (0.927 g, 6.07 mmol) and cesium carbonate (2.75 g, 8.44 mmol) in DMF (12 ml) was stirred at 70° C. for 3 hours. The mixture was poured into water. The solid was collected by filtration and air dried to give the desired aldehyde (2.2 g, 4.66 mmol, 83% yield). LCMS calculated for C₂₂H₁₇BrClN₂O₃ (M+H)⁺: m/z=473.0; found 473.0.

Step 3: (R)-1-((7-chloro-2-(3′-((2-chloro-5-((5-cyanopyridin-3-yl)methoxy)-4-formylphenoxy)methyl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

A mixture of 5-((5-((3-bromo-2-methylbenzyl)oxy)-4-chloro-2-formylphenoxy)methyl)nicotinonitrile (30 mg, 0.064 mmol), (R)-1-((7-chloro-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (Example 126, Step 4; 37.9 mg, 0.076 mmol), potassium carbonate (17.58 mg, 0.127 mmol) and (1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene)-dichloropalladium(II) (4.65 mg, 6.36 μmol) in 1,4-dioxane (3 ml) and water (0.60 ml) was purged with nitrogen, and heated at 95° C. for 2 hours. The mixture was purified on prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired acid (11 mg, 0.014 mmol, 22.71% yield). LCMS calculated for C₄₂H₃₅Cl₂N₄O₆ (M+H)⁺: m/z=761.2; found 761.2.

Step 4: (R)-1-((7-chloro-2-(3′-((2-chloro-5-((5-cyanopyridin-3-yl)methoxy)-4-(((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)phenoxy)methyl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Sodium triacetoxyborohydride (1.252 mg, 5.91 μmol) was added to a mixture of (R)-1-((7-chloro-2-(3′-((2-chloro-5-((5-cyanopyridin-3-yl)methoxy)-4-formylphenoxy)methyl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (3.0 mg, 3.9 μmol), (R)-pyrrolidin-3-ol (0.34 mg, 3.9 μmol) and triethylamine (1.1 μl, 7.9 μmol) in DCM (1.0 ml). After stirring at room temperature for 2 hours, the mixture was purified on prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₄₆H₄₄Cl₂N₅O₆ (M+H)⁺: m/z=832.2; found 832.2.

Example 149 (S)-1-(4-((3′-(5-(((R)-3-carboxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-7-chlorobenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)methoxy)-5-chloro-2-((5-cyanopyridin-3-yl)methoxy)benzyl)piperidine-2-carboxylic acid

Sodium triacetoxyborohydride (1.25 mg, 5.91 μmol) was added to a mixture of (R)-1-((7-chloro-2-(3′-((2-chloro-5-((5-cyanopyridin-3-yl)methoxy)-4-formylphenoxy)methyl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (Example 148, Step 3: 3.0 mg, 3.9 μmol), (S)-piperidine-2-carboxylic acid (0.76 mg, 5.9 μmol) and triethylamine (1.1 μl, 7.9 μmol) in DCM (1.0 ml). After stirring at room temperature for 2 hours, the mixture was purified on prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₄₈H₄₆Cl₂N₅O₇ (M+H)⁺: m/z=874.2; found 874.2.

Example 150 (R)-1-((7-chloro-2-(3′-((2-chloro-5-((5-cyanopyridin-3-yl)methoxy)-4-(((2-hydroxyethyl)amino)methyl)phenoxy)methyl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 148 with 2-aminoethan-1-ol replacing (R)-pyrrolidin-3-ol in Step 4. The reaction was concentrated, then diluted in MeOH, filtered then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₄₄H₄₂Cl₂N₅O₆ (M+H)⁺: m/z=806.2; found 806.2.

Example 151 (R)-1-((5-(2-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-(((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-ylcarbamoyl)-1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridin-3-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: 5-bromo-1-methyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylic acid

Methyl iodide (1.71 ml, 27.5 mmol) was added to a mixture of 5-bromo-2-hydroxynicotinic acid (5.00 g, 22.94 mmol) and potassium carbonate (4.75 g, 34.4 mmol) in MeOH (76.0 mL). The reaction mixture was stir at 80° C. for 10 hrs. The reaction was cooled to room temperature and the solvent was concentrated under reduced pressure. Water was added, and the mixture was washed with DCM twice. To the aqueous phase was added 1 M aqueous solution of HCl until the pH=2. Then, the acidic aqueous layer was extracted with DCM twice. The organic phase was dried over MgSO₄, filtered and the filtrate was concentrated. The crude residue was used directly in the next step without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₇H₇BrNO₃ (M+H)⁺: m/z=232.0, 234.0; found 232.0, 234.0.

Step 2: 1-methyl-2-oxo-5-vinyl-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylic acid

A mixture of 5-bromo-1-methyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylic acid (321 mg, 1.385 mmol), 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-vinyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (213 mg, 1.385 mmol), sodium carbonate (440 mg, 4.15 mmol) and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (80 mg, 0.069 mmol) in t-butanol (1.4 ml) and water (1.4 ml) was degassed and sealed. It was stirred at 80° C. for 2 h. The reaction was cooled to room temperature and the solvent was concentrated under reduced pressure. Water was added, and the mixture was washed with DCM twice. To the aqueous phase was added 1 M aqueous solution of HCl until the pH=2. Then, the acidic aqueous layer was extracted with DCM twice. The organic phase was dried over MgSO₄, filtered and the filtrate was concentrated. The crude residue was used directly in the next step without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₉H₁₀NO₃ (M+H)⁺: m/z=180.1; found 180.1.

Step 3: N-(2-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-1-methyl-2-oxo-5-vinyl-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carboxamide

To a solution of 1-methyl-2-oxo-5-vinyl-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylic acid (30.0 mg, 0.170 mmol), (2-(3′-amino-2′-chloro-2-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-7-chlorobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol (Example 15, Step 1: 68.0 mg, 0.17 mmol), and 2-(3H-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-b]pyridin-3-yl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethylisouronium hexafluorophosphate(V) (78.0 mg, 0.204 mmol) in 1,2-dichloroethane (2.2 ml) was added N,N-diisopropylethylamine (60 μl, 0.34 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hrs. Then, the mixture was diluted with DCM, and washed with water and brine. The organic phase was dried over MgSO₄ before filtering. The filtrate was concentrated and purified by flash chromatography to afford the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₃₀H₂₄Cl₂N₃O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=560.1; found 560.1.

Step 4: N-(2-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-1-methyl-2-oxo-5-vinyl-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carboxamide

To a stirred solution of N-(2-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-1-methyl-2-oxo-5-vinyl-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carboxamide (86.0 mg, 0.153 mmol) in DCM (3.0 ml) was added Dess-Martin Periodinane (65.0 mg, 0.153 mmol). The resulted mixture was stirred at r.t. for 2 hrs, and then filtered. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was used in the next step directly without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₃₀H₂₂Cl₂N₃O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=558.1; found 558.1.

Step 5: (R)—N-(2-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-1-methyl-2-oxo-5-vinyl-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carboxamide

A mixture of N-(2-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-1-methyl-2-oxo-5-vinyl-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carboxamide (47 mg, 0.085 mmol) and (R)-pyrrolidin-3-ol (22.0 mg, 0.255 mmol) in THF (0.85 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 0.5 h. Then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (54 mg, 0.255 mmol) was added. The mixture was further stirred at room temperature for 1 h. The reaction mixture was quenched by NH₄OH aqueous solution then extracted with DCM. The organic phases were combined and dried over MgSO₄, then filtered. The filtrate was concentrated and used directly in the next step without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₃₄H₃₁Cl₂N₄O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=629.2; found 629.2.

Step 6: (R)—N-(2-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-5-formyl-1-methyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carboxamide

A vial was charged with (R)—N-(2-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-1-methyl-2-oxo-5-vinyl-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carboxamide (50 mg, 0.08 mmol), a stir bar, 1,4-dioxane (0.6 ml) and water (0.2 ml). To this suspension was added potassium osmate dihydrate (1.5 mg, 0.004 mmol). The reaction was stirred for 5 min, and then sodium periodate (86 mg, 0.4 mmol) was added. After stirring at room temperature for 1 h, the reaction mixture was quenched with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium thiosulfate. The mixture was then extracted with ethyl acetate, and the combined organic layers were separated, washed with brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue was purified by flash chromatography on a silica gel column eluting with 0 to 6% MeOH in DCM to afford the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₃₃H₂₉Cl₂N₄O₅ (M+H)⁺: m/z=631.1; found 631.1.

Step 7: (R)-1-((5-(2-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-(((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-ylcarbamoyl)-1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridin-3-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

A mixture of (R)—N-(2-chloro-3′-(7-chloro-5-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-5-formyl-1-methyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carboxamide (51 mg, 0.08 mmol) and (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (9.21 mg, 0.08 mmol) in THF (0.5 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 0.5 h. Then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (51 mg, 0.24 mmol) was added. The mixture was further stirred at room temperature for 1 h. The mixture was concentrated and diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as its TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₈H₃₈Cl₂N₅O₆ (M+H)⁺: m/z=730.2; found 730.2.

Example 152 (S)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-(((S)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: 8-chloro-3-vinylimidazol[1,2-a]pyrazine

A mixture of 3-bromo-8-chloroimidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine (400 mg, 1.721 mmol) (Ark Pharm, cat#AK-24131), 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-vinyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (350 μL, 2.065 mmol), sodium carbonate (456 mg, 4.30 mmol) and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (99 mg, 0.086 mmol) in tert-butanol (4.0 mL) and water (4.0 mL) was purged with nitrogen and then stirred at 100° C. for 2 h. The reaction mixture was cooled then extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash chromatography on a silica gel column eluting with 50% ethyl acetate in hexanes to afford the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₈H₇ClN₃ (M+H)⁺: m/z=180.0; found 180.1.

Step 2: N-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-3-vinylimidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-8-amine

A mixture of 3-bromo-2-methylaniline (120 mg, 0.645 mmol), 8-chloro-3-vinylimidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine (Step 1: 139 mg, 0.774 mmol) and HCl in dioxane (4.0 M, 161 μL, 0.645 mmol) in tert-butanol (3.2 mL) was heated at 100° C. for 1 h. The reaction was then cooled to room temperature and diluted with dichloromethane. The reaction was quenched by aqueous NaHCO₃ solution and extracted with dichloromethane. The organic phase was dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and the filtrate was concentrated. The residue was used directly for next step. LC-MS calculated for C₁₅H₁₋₄BrN₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=329.0/331.0; found 329.1/331.1.

Step 3: 8-((3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)amino) imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine-3-carbaldehyde

Osmium tetroxide (4% w/w in water, 0.253 ml, 0.032 mmol) was added to a mixture of N-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-3-vinylimidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-8-amine (Step 2: 0.212 g, 0.645 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (4.8 mL) and water (1.6 mL). The reaction was stirred for 5 min then sodium periodate (0.690 g, 3.23 mmol) was added. After being stirred at room temperature for 1 h, the reaction was quenched with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium thiosulfate. The mixture was then extracted with ethyl acetate, and the combined organic layers were separated, washed with brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude residue was used directly for next step. LC-MS calculated for C₁₄H₁₂BrN₄O (M+H)⁺: m/z=331.0/333.0; found 331.0/333.0.

Step 4: (S)-1-((8-((3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)amino) imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol

A mixture of 8-((3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)amino)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine-3-carbaldehyde (Step 3: 166 mg, 0.5 mmol) and (S)-pyrrolidin-3-ol (131 mg, 1.500 mmol) in dichloromethane (5.0 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 2 h. Then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (318 mg, 1.500 mmol) and acetic acid (86 μL, 1.500 mmol) were added. The mixture was further stirred at room temperature for 1 h. The reaction was quenched by NH₄OH aqueous solution and extracted with dichloromethane. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash chromatography on a silica gel column eluting with 10% methanol in dichloromethane to afford the desired product. LCMS calculated for C₁₈H₂₁BrN₅O (M+H)⁺: m/z=402.1/404.1; found 402.1/404.1.

Step 5: (S)-1-((8-((3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)amino)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol

A mixture of(S)-1-((8-((3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)amino)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol (Step 4: 50 mg, 0.124 mmol), (7-chloro-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol (Example 1, Step 5: 49.7 mg, 0.124 mmol), sodium carbonate (32.9 mg, 0.311 mmol) and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (14.36 mg, 0.012 mmol) in water (0.2 mL) and 1,4-dioxane (1.0 mL) was purged with nitrogen and then stirred at 100° C. for 4 h. After being cooled to room temperature, the reaction mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash chromatography on a silica gel column eluting with 10% methanol in dichloromethane to afford the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₃₃H₃₂ClN₆O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=595.2; found 595.1.

Step 6: (S)-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-(3′-((3-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-8-yl)amino)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 12 with (S)-1-((8-((3′-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)amino)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol replacing (7-chloro-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(pyrido[3,4-b]pyrazin-5-ylamino)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol in Step 1. LC-MS calculated for C₃₄H₃₂N₇O₃ (M+H)⁺: m/z=586.3; found 586.5.

Step 7: (S)-5-formyl-2-(3′-(3-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile

A suspension of (S)-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-(3′-((3-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-8-yl)amino)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile (Step 6: 20 mg, 0.034 mmol) and manganese dioxide (44.5 mg, 0.512 mmol) in dichloromethane (0.25 mL) was stirred at 45° C. for 30 min. The reaction was filtered through a short pad of celite and then concentrated to yield a crude residue, which was used directly without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₃₄H₃₀N₇O₃ (M+H)⁺: m/z=584.2; found 584.3.

Step 8: (S)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-(((S)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

A mixture of (S)-5-formyl-2-(3′-(3-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile (Step 7: 20.00 mg, 0.034 mmol) and (S)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (3.93 mg, 0.034 mmol) in dichloromethane (0.25 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 1 h. Then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (7.24 mg, 0.034 mmol) and acetic acid (1.955 μL, 0.034 mmol) was added. After being stirred at room temperature for 1 h, the reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH, and purified via pH 2 preparative HPLC (MeCN/water with TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₉H₃₉N₈O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=683.3; found 683.5.

Example 153 1-((7-chloro-2-(2′-chloro-3′-((5-(((S)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-3-methylpyrazin-2-yloxy)methyl)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: (2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-7-chlorobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl methanesulfonate

To a solution of (2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-7-chlorobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol (Example 1, Step 4: 2.0 g, 5.67 mmol) in DCM (30.0 ml) was added triethylamine (1.186 ml, 8.51 mmol) with stirring at r.t., followed by addition of methanesulfonyl chloride (0.530 ml, 6.81 mmol). The solution was vigorously stirred at r.t. for 2 hours. It was diluted with DCM, washed with water (×2), brine; dried over Na₂SO₄. After filtration, the filtrate was concentrated and the residue was used directly. LC-MS calculated for C₁₆H₁₄BrClNO₄S (M+H)⁺: m/z=432.0; found 431.9.

Step 2: tert-butyl 1-((2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-7-chlorobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylate

To a solution of (2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-7-chlorobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl methanesulfonate (400 mg, 0.929 mmol) and tert-butylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylate (184 mg, 1.022 mmol) in DCM (15.00 ml) was added sodium carbonate (295 mg, 2.79 mmol) with stirring at r.t. The suspension was vigorously stirred at r.t. for 2 hours. After filtration, the filtrate was concentrated. The crude material was purified by flash column. LC-MS calculated for C₂₄H₂₇BrClN₂O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=507.1; found 507.0.

Step 3: tert-butyl 1-((7-chloro-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylate

A mixture of tert-butyl 1-((2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-7-chlorobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylate (300 mg, 0.593 mmol), bis(pinacolato)diboron (181 mg, 0.712 mmol) and potassium acetate (87 mg, 0.890 mmol) in dioxane (3 ml) in a glass vial was degassed for 5 min. Then to the mixture was added tricyclohexylphosphine (11.64 mg, 0.042 mmol), followed by tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (32.6 mg, 0.036 mmol). The mixture was degassed for another 2 min. It was sealed and stirred at 120° C. for 1.5 hours. LCMS showed product formed. After cooling, the reaction mixture was concentrated. The crude material was purified by flash column eluting with EA/hexanes 0-100%. LC-MS calculated for C₃₀H₃₉BClN₂O₅(M+H)⁺: m/z=553.3; found 553.3.

Step 4: methyl 5-(3-bromo-2-chlorobenzyloxy)-6-methylpyrazine-2-carboxylate

A mixture of (3-bromo-2-chlorophenyl)methanol (534 mg, 2.412 mmol) and sodium hydride (90 mg, 60% dispersion in mineral oil, 2.251 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (5 ml) was stirred at r.t. for 30 min. Then to the mixture was added methyl 5-chloro-6-methylpyrazine-2-carboxylate (300 mg, 1.608 mmol). The mixture was stirred at r.t. for 1 hr. LCMS showed product formed. It was quenched with water, extracted with EA. After separation, the organic solution was washed with water (×2), brine; dried over Na₂SO₄. After filtration, the filtrate was concentrated to yield crude material, which was purified by flash column. LC-MS calculated for C₁₄H₁₃BrClN₂O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=373.0; found 373.0.

Step 5: (5-(3-bromo-2-chlorobenzyloxy)-6-methylpyrazin-2-yl)methanol

To a solution of methyl 5-((3-bromo-2-chlorobenzyl)oxy)-6-methylpyrazine-2-carboxylate (0.58 g, 1.561 mmol) in THF (10 ml) was added dropwisely lithium aluminum hydride in THF (1N, 1.093 ml, 1.093 mmol) with stirring at 0° C. The reaction was stirred at this temperature for 1 hr. Then it was diluted with EA, washed with water (×2), brine; and dried over Na₂SO₄. After filtration, the filtrate was concentrated and the residue was used directly. LC-MS calculated for C₁₃H₁₃BrClN₂O₂ (M+H)⁺: m/z=345.0; found 345.0.

Step 6: 5-(3-bromo-2-chlorobenzyloxy)-6-methylpyrazine-2-carbaldehyde

To a solution of (5-((3-bromo-2-chlorobenzyl)oxy)-6-methylpyrazin-2-yl)methanol (0.50 g, 1.46 mmol) in DCM (20 ml) was added Dess-Martin periodinane (0.541 ml, 1.746 mmol). The mixture was stirred at r.t. for 2 hrs. Then it was diluted with DCM, and quenched with sat'd NaHCO₃ solution. After separation, the organic solution was washed with water, brine, and dried over Na₂SO₄. After filtration, the filtrate was concentrated. The crude material was purified by flash column to yield the title compound. LC-MS calculated for C₁₃H₁₁BrClN₂O₂(M+H)⁺: m/z=343.0; found 342.9.

Step 7: tert-butyl 1-((7-chloro-2-(2′-chloro-3′-((5-formyl-3-methylpyrazin-2-yloxy)methyl)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylate

A mixture of tert-butyl 1-((7-chloro-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylate (220 mg, 0.398 mmol), 5-((3-bromo-2-chlorobenzyl)oxy)-6-methylpyrazine-2-carbaldehyde (150 mg, 0.438 mmol) and cesium carbonate (324 mg, 0.995 mmol) in t-BuOH (0.8 ml) and water (0.200 ml) was degassed with N₂ for 3 min, and then to the mixture was added 1,1′-bis(di-cyclohexylphosphino)ferrocene palladium dichloride (30.1 mg, 0.040 mmol). The resulting mixture was degassed with N₂ for another 2 min. Then it was sealed and stirred at 68° C. for 2 hours. LCMS showed product formed. After cooling, the mixture was diluted with EA, washed with brine, and dried over Na₂SO₄. After filtration, the filtrate was concentrated. The crude material was purified by flash column to yield the title compound. LC-MS calculated for C₃₇H₃₇Cl₂N₄O₅ (M+H)⁺: m/z=687.2; found 687.2.

Step 8: 1-((7-chloro-2-(2′-chloro-3′-((5-(((S)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-3-methylpyrazin-2-yloxy)methyl)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

A mixture of tert-butyl 1-((7-chloro-2-(2′-chloro-3′-(((5-formyl-3-methylpyrazin-2-yl)oxy)methyl)-2-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylate (10 mg, 0.015 mmol) and (S)-(−)-3-pyrrolidinol (3.80 mg, 0.044 mmol) in DCM (1 ml) was stirred at r.t. for 1 h. Then to the mixture was added sodium triacetoxyborohydride (9.25 mg, 0.044 mmol). It was then stirred at r.t. for 2 hours. After quenching with water, the reaction was extracted with DCM. The combined extracts were concentrated. The residue was redissolved in DCM (1 ml). To the solution was added trifluoroacetic acid (0.7 ml, 9.09 mmol). The mixture was stirred at r.t. for 1 h. After concentration, the reaction was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₇H₃₈Cl₂N₅O₅ (M+H)⁺: m/z=702.2; found 702.2.

Example 154 1-((2-(2′-chloro-2-methyl-3′-(1-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)biphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)piperidine-4-carboxylic acid

To a solution of tert-butyl 2-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-ylcarbamoyl)-1-methyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-5 (4H)-carboxylate (Example 92, Step 3: 40 mg, 0.061 mmol) in DCM (2 mL) was added piperidine-4-carboxylic acid (11.9 mg, 0.092 mmol) and TEA (17.1 μl, 0.123 mmol). The mixture was stirred at r.t. for 60 min. Then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (19.5 mg, 0.092 mmol) was added. The resulting mixture was stirred at r.t. overnight before 1 mL of TFA was added. The reaction mixture was further stirred for 1 h. The reaction mixture was then concentrated and purified via prep-HPLC (pH=2, MeCN/water with TFA) to give the desired product as the TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₆H₃₅ClN₇O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=664.2; found 664.2.

Example 155 (R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(5-(2-hydroxypropyl)-1-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)piperidine-4-carboxylic acid

A solution of 1-((2-(2′-chloro-2-methyl-3′-(1-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)biphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)piperidine-4-carboxylic acid, 3TFA (Example 154: 20 mg, 20 mmol), (R)-2-((tert-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy)propanal (11.6 mg, 0.062 mmol) and Hünig's base (10.8 μL, 0.062 mmol) in THF (0.5 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 1 h. Sodium triacetoxyborohydride (13.0 mg, 0.062 mmol) was added. After being stirred at room temperature for 2 h, 2 N HCl aqueous solution (0.2 mL) was added, and the reaction was stirred at 50° C. for 30 min. The reaction mixture was diluted with acetonitrile, and purified via pH 2 preparative HPLC (MeCN/water with TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₉H₄₁ClN₇O₅(M+H)⁺: m/z=722.3; found 722.3.

TABLE 1 Ex. LCMS No. Name/¹HNMR Structure [M + H] 156 1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(5-(2- hydroxyethyl)-1-methyl-4,5,6,7- tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5- c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)-2- methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyano benzo[d]oxazol-5- yl)methyl)piperidine-4-carboxylic acid

708.3 157 (R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(5-((R)-2- hydroxypropyl)-1-methyl-4,5,6,7- tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5- c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)-2- methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7- cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)-3- methylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid ¹H NMR (600 MHz, DMSO) δ 9.97 (s, 1H), 8.41 (s, 1H), 8.29 (s, 1H), 8.23 (d, J = 9.1 Hz, 1H), 8.15 (s, 1H), 7.61 (t, J = 1.8 Hz, 1H), 7.55 (t, J = 1.8 Hz, 1H), 7.50 (dd, J = 6.6, 1.2 Hz, 1H), 7.22 (dd, J = 7.2, 1.8 Hz, 1H), 5.53 (br, s, 1H), 4.59 (br, s, 2H), 4.52-4.26 (m, 2H), 4.18 (br, s, 1H), 3.96 (s, 3H), 3.94-2.96 (m, 10H), 2.54-2.48 (s, 3H), 2.03-1.86 (m, 2H), 1.41-1.34 (m, 3H), 1.15 (d, J = 6 Hz, 3H).

722.3 The compounds in Table 1 were prepared in accordance with the synthetic protocols set forth in Example 154 and 155, using the appropriate starting materials.

Example 158 (R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(1,5-dimethyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-d]imidazole-2-carboxamido)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)-3-methyl pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: (R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-2-methyl-3′-(1-methyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-d]imidazole-2-carboxamido)biphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)-3-methylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

To a solution of tert-butyl 2-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-ylcarbamoyl)-1-methyl-4,6-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-d]imidazole-5(1H)-carboxylate (Example 94, Step 6: 20 mg, 0.031 mmol) in DCM (1 mL) was added (R)-3-methyl pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (8.0 mg, 0.062 mmol) and TEA (17.13 μl, 0.123 mmol). The mixture was stirred at r.t. for 60 min, then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (19.5 mg, 0.092 mmol) was added. The resulting mixture was stirred at r.t. overnight before 1 mL of TFA was added. The reaction mixture was further stirred for 1 h. The reaction mixture was then quenched with sat. NaHCO₃ and extracted with chloroform/isopropanol (3/1 volume ratio). The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated then used in next step without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₃₅H₃₃ClN₇O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=650.2; found 650.2.

Step 2: (R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(1,5-dimethyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-d]imidazole-2-carboxamido)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)-3-methylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Sodium triacetoxyborohydride (12.7 mg, 0.06 mmol) was added to a solution of (R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-2-methyl-3′-(1-methyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-d]imidazole-2-carboxamido) biphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)-3-methylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (10 mg, 0.015 mmol) and 37 wt. % formaldehyde in water (4.5 μL, 0.06 mmol) in DCM (0.5 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 h, then concentrated and purified via pH 2 preparative HPLC (MeCN/water with TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₆H₃₅ClN₇O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=664.2; found 664.2.

Example 159 (3R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(1,6-dimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: tert-butyl 6-methyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate

To a stirred solution of (R)-1-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)propan-2-amine HCl salt (J&W PharmLab, Cat#40R0144: 500 mg, 2.94 mmol) in ethanol (5.0 ml) and water (5.0 mL) was added formaldehyde (37 wt. % in water, 0.36 mL). The resulted mixture was heated to reflux for 4 hrs. The reaction was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in DCM (10 mL) and MeOH (10 mL). Di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (2.2 g, 10.21 mmol) and triethylamine (1.56 mL, 11.23 mmol) were added, and the resulting solution was stirred at rt. for 1 hr before concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was then dissolved in 7N NH₃ in MeOH and heated at 70° C. for 6 hrs. The reaction was finally concentrated under reduced pressure and purified by flash chromatography on a silica gel column eluting with 0 to 20% MeOH in DCM to afford the racemic product. LC-MS calculated for C₁₂H₂₀N₃O₂ (M+H)⁺: m/z=238.2; found 238.2.

Step 2: tert-butyl 1,6-dimethyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate

Potassium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide (1.0 M in THF, 1.01 mL) was added to a solution of tert-butyl 6-methyl-1,4,6,7-tetrahydro-5H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-5-carboxylate (200 mg, 0.843 mmol) in THF (4.2 mL) at −20° C. After stirring for 30 min, methyl iodide (63.2 μl, 1.011 mmol) was added and the mixture was allowed to warm slowly to r.t. The mixture was continued to stir at this temperature for 1 h. The reaction mixture was then quenched with sat. NaHCO₃ solution and extracted with DCM. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated and used in next step without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₁₃H₂₂N₃O₂ (M+H)⁺: m/z=252.2; found 252.2.

Step 3: 5-tert-butyl 2-methyl 1,6-dimethyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2,5(4H)-dicarboxylate

n-Butyl lithium (2.5 M in hexanes, 522 μl) was added to a cold (−78° C.) solution of tert-butyl-1,6-dimethyl-1,4,6,7-tetrahydro-5H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-5-carboxylate (210 mg, 0.836 mmol) in THF (6 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at −78° C. for 10 min prior to the addition of methyl chloroformate (162 μL, 2.09 mmol). After being stirred at −78° C. for 30 min, the reaction was then quenched with saturated aqueous NaHCO₃ solution, and extracted with ethyl acetate, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash chromatography on a silica gel column eluting with 100% ethyl acetate in hexanes to afford the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₁₅H₂₄N₃O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=310.2; found 310.2.

Step 4: tert-butyl 2-(3-bromo-2-chlorophenylcarbamoyl)-1,6-dimethyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate

Potassium tert-butoxide (1.0 M in THF, 0.36 mL) was added to a solution of 5-(tert-butyl) 2-methyl-1,6-dimethyl-1,4,6,7-tetrahydro-5H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2,5-dicarboxylate (56.0 mg, 0.181 mmol) and 3-bromo-2-chloroaniline (44.8 mg, 0.217 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (6.0 mL). After being stirred at room temperature for 1 hr, the reaction mixture was quenched with water, and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash chromatography on a silica gel column eluting with 50% ethyl acetate in hexanes to afford the desired product. LCMS calculated for C₂₀H₂₅BrClN₄O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=483.1; found 483.1.

Step 5: tert-butyl 2-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-ylcarbamoyl)-1,6-dimethyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate

A mixture of tert-butyl-2-((3-bromo-2-chlorophenyl)carbamoyl)-1,6-dimethyl-1,4,6,7-tetrahydro-5H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-5-carboxylate (78 mg, 0.161 mmol), 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile (Example 54, Step 2: 70.0 mg, 0.18 mmol), and dichloro[1,1′-bis(dicyclohexyl phosphino)ferrocene]palladium(II) (13 mg, 0.002 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (2 mL) and water (0.4 mL) was added cesium carbonate (38 mg, 0.36 mmol). The reaction mixture was purged with nitrogen and then stirred at 100° C. for 12 hrs. After being cooled to room temperature, the reaction mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash chromatography on a silica gel column eluting with 0 to 100% EtOAc in hexanes to afford the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₃₆H₃₆ClN₆O₅(M+H)⁺: m/z=667.2; found 667.2.

Step 6: tert-butyl 2-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-ylcarbamoyl)-1,6-dimethyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate

To a stirred solution of tert-butyl 2-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-ylcarbamoyl)-1,6-dimethyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate (50 mg, 0.11 mmol) in DCM (5.0 ml) was added MnO₂ (215 mg, 2.5 mmol). The resulted mixture was stirred at 45° C. for 2 hrs, then filtered. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was used in the next step directly without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₃₆H₃₄ClN₆O₅ (M+H)⁺: m/z=665.2; found 665.2.

Step 7: (3R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(1,6-dimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

To a solution of tert-butyl 2-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-ylcarbamoyl)-1,6-dimethyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-5 (4H)-carboxylate (12 mg, 0.015 mmol) in DCM (0.5 mL) was added (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (4.0 mg, 0.032 mmol) and TEA (8.6 μl, 0.07 mmol). The mixture was stirred at r.t. for 60 min. Sodium triacetoxyborohydride (9.8 mg, 0.046 mmol) was then added. The resulting mixture was stirred at r.t. overnight before 1 mL of TFA was added. The reaction mixture was further stirred for 1 hr and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in MeOH, and purified via pH 2 preparative HPLC (MeCN/water with TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₆H₃₅ClN₇O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=664.2; found 664.2.

Example 160 (3R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-2-methyl-3′-(1,5,6-trimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)biphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Sodium triacetoxyborohydride (11.2 mg, 0.05 mmol) was added to a solution of (3R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(1,6-dimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (Example 159, Step 7: 10 mg, 0.015 mmol) and 37 wt. % formaldehyde in water (4.5 μL, 0.06 mmol) in DCM (0.5 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 h, then concentrated and purified via pH 2 preparative HPLC (MeCN/water with TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₇H₃₇ClN₇O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=678.2; found 678.2.

TABLE 2 Ex. LCMS No. Name Structure [M + H] 161 (3R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-2-methyl-3′- (1,5,6-trimethyl-4,5,6,7- tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5- c]pyridine-2- carboxamido)biphenyl-3-yl)-7- cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5- yl)methyl)-3-methylpyrrolidine- 3-carboxylic acid

692.2 162 1-((2-(2′-chloro-2-methyl-3′- (1,5,6-trimethyl-4,5,6,7- tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5- c]pyridine-2- carboxamido)biphenyl-3-yl)-7- cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5- yl)methyl)piperidine-4- carboxylic acid

692.2 163 (3R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(1,6- dimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H- imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2- carboxamido)-2-methyl biphenyl- 3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5- yl)methyl)-3-methylpyrrolidine- 3-carboxylic acid

678.3 164 1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(1,6-dimethyl- 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H- imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2- carboxamido)-2-methylbiphenyl- 3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5- yl)methyl)piperidine-4- carboxylic acid

678.3 The compounds in Table 2 were prepared in accordance with the synthetic protocols set forth in Example 159 and 160, using the appropriate starting materials.

Example 165 2-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-(((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-ylcarbamoyl)-1,5,6-trimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-6-carboxylic acid

Step 1: 5-tert-butyl 6-methyl 1-methyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-5,6(4H)-dicarboxylate

To a stirred solution of (S)-2-amino-3-(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl)propanoic acid (500 mg, 2.06 mmol) in ethanol (5.0 ml) and water (5.0 mL) was added formaldehyde (37 wt. % in water, 0.36 ml). The resulted mixture was heated to reflux for 4 h. The reaction was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved MeOH (10 mL), and SOCl₂ (0.40 ml, 5.5 mmol) was slowly added to the above solution at 0° C. After addition, the resulting mixture was heated to reflux for 12 hrs before quenched with sat. NaHCO₃ solution. The mixture was then extracted with extracted with chloroform/isopropanol (3:1 volume ratio). The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was then dissolved in DCM (10 mL), followed by adding di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (1.2 g, 5.52 mmol) and triethylamine (0.77 mL, 5.52 mmol). The resulting solution was stirred at rt. for 1 hr before concentrated and purified by flash chromatography on a silica gel column eluting with 0 to 100% EtOAc in hexanes to afford the racemic product. LC-MS calculated for C₁₄H₂₂N₃O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=296.2; found 296.2.

Step 2: 5-tert-butyl 6-methyl 1,6-dimethyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-5,6(4H)-dicarboxylate

Potassium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide (1.0 M in THF, 0.37 mL, 0.37 mmol) was added to a solution of 5-tert-butyl 6-methyl 1-methyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-5,6(4H)-dicarboxylate (110 mg, 0.37 mmol) in THF (4 mL) at −20° C. After stirring for 30 min, methyl iodide (35 μl, 0.56 mmol) was added and the mixture was allowed to warm slowly to r.t. The reaction was continued to stir at this temperature for 1 h. The reaction mixture was then quenched with sat. NaHCO₃ aqueous solution and extracted with DCM. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated and used in next step without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₁₅H₂₄N₃O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=310.2; found 310.2.

Step 3: 5-tert-butyl 2,6-dimethyl 1,6-dimethyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2,5,6(4H)-tricarboxylate

LDA (1.0 M in THF, 550 μl) was added to a cold (−78° C.) solution of 5-tert-butyl 6-methyl 1,6-dimethyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-5,6(4H)-dicarboxylate (170 mg, 0.55 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (4 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at −78° C. for 20 min prior to the addition of methyl chloroformate (106 μL, 1.37 mmol). After being stirred at −78° C. for 30 min, the reaction was then quenched with saturated aqueous NaHCO₃ solution, and extracted with ethyl acetate, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash chromatography on a silica gel column eluting with 100% ethyl acetate in hexanes to afford the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₁₇H₂₆N₃O₆ (M+H)⁺: m/z=368.2; found 368.2.

Step 4: 5-tert-butyl 6-methyl 2-(3-bromo-2-chlorophenylcarbamoyl)-1,6-dimethyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-5,6(4H)-dicarboxylate

Potassium tert-butoxide (1.0 M in THF, 0.653 ml) was added to a solution of 5-tert-butyl 2,6-dimethyl 1,6-dimethyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2,5,6(4H)-tricarboxylate (120 mg, 0.327 mmol) and 3-bromo-2-chloroaniline (101 mg, 0.490 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (6.0 mL). After being stirred at room temperature for 1 h, the reaction mixture was quenched with water, and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash chromatography on a silica gel column eluting with 0 to 100% ethyl acetate in hexanes to afford the desired product. LCMS calculated for C₂₂H₂₇BrClN₄O₅ (M+H)⁺: m/z=541.1; found 541.1.

Step 5: 2-(3-bromo-2-chlorophenylcarbamoyl)-1,5,6-trimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-6-carboxylic acid

A DCM (1 mL) solution of 5-tert-butyl 6-methyl 2-(3-bromo-2-chlorophenylcarbamoyl)-1,6-dimethyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-5,6(4H)-dicarboxylate (40 mg, 0.074 mmol) was added TFA (1 mL). The resulting mixture was stirred at r.t. for 1 h before concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was then dissolved in dry DCM, triethylamine (20.6 μl, 0.148 mmol), 37 wt. % formaldehyde in water (11.0 μl, 0.148 mmol) and sodium triacetoxyborohydride (31.3 mg, 0.148 mmol) were added subsequently. The resulting mixture was stirred for another 1 hr before quenched with sat. NaHCO₃ solution. The mixture was then extracted with extracted with chloroform/isopropanol (3:1 volume ratio). The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was then dissolved in THF/MeOH/water (1:1:1 volume ratio), LiOH (8.8 mg, 0.37 mmol) was added and the reaction was stirred at 70° C. for 5 hrs. After completion, the reaction was neutralized with 1N HCl solution and extracted with chloroform/isopropanol (3:1 volume ratio). The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was used in the next reaction without further purification. LCMS calculated for C₁₇H₁₉BrClN₄₀₃ (M+H)⁺: m/z=441.1; found 441.1.

Step 6: 2-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-(((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-ylcarbamoyl)-1,5,6-trimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-6-carboxylic acid

To a mixture of (R)-5-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile (Example 131, Step 4: 15.0 mg, 0.033 mmol), 2-((3-bromo-2-chlorophenyl)carbamoyl)-1,5,6-trimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-6-carboxylic acid (12.0 mg, 0.027 mmol), and dichloro[1,1′-bis(dicyclohexylphosphino)ferrocene]palladium(II) (2.1 mg, 0.003 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (1 mL) and water (0.2 mL) was added sodium carbonate (6 mg, 0.054 mmol). The reaction mixture was purged with nitrogen and then stirred at 100° C. for 12 hrs. After being cooled to room temperature, the reaction mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in MeOH, and purified via pH 2 preparative HPLC (MeCN/water with TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₇H₃₇ClN₇O₅(M+H)⁺: m/z=694.2; found 694.2.

Example 166 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: N-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-3-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-amine

To a suspension of 8-((3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)amino)-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carbaldehyde (Example 16, Step 3: 146 mg, 0.427 mmol) in tert-butanol (4.3 ml) was added ethane-1,2-diamine (28.2 mg, 0.469 mmol). The mixture was stirred at r.t. under N₂ atmosphere for 30 min, and then hypochlorous acid tert-butyl ester (57.7 μl, 0.512 mmol) was added, and the mixture was stirred at 50° C. After 2 h, the mixture was quenched with sat. aq Na₂SO₃ (10 mL) and was extracted with DCM (3×10 mL). The organic layer was washed with sat. aq Na₂CO₃ and brine, and dried over Na₂SO₄. After filtration, the mixture was evaporated. The product was purified by flash column chromatography. LCMS calculated for C₁₈H₁₇BrN₅ (M+H)⁺: m/z=382.1, 384.1; found 382.1, 384.1.

Step 2: 2-(3′-(3-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile

A mixture of N-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-3-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-amine (26 mg, 0.068 mmol), 5-formyl-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile (Example 138, Step 1: 34 mg, 0.088 mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (7.86 mg, 6.80 μmol) and sodium carbonate (18.0 mg, 0.170 mmol) in water (76 μl) and dioxane (378 μl) was purged with N₂ and then stirred at 100° C. for 5 h. The reaction was cooled to room temperature. The reaction mixture was diluted with DCM and H₂O. The layers were separated. The aqueous layer was extracted with DCM three times. The organic layer was dried over MgSO₄, filtered and concentrated to give a crude residue, which was purified by flash chromatography on a silica gel column eluting with 0 to 14% MeOH/DCM to give the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₃₄H₂₆N₇O₂ (M+H)⁺: m/z=564.2; found 564.2.

Step 3: (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedure as described in Step 5, Example 24 with 2-(3′-(3-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile replacing (R)-5-formyl-2-(3′-(3-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile. The reaction was diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as the TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₉H₃₅N₈O₃ (M+H)⁺: m/z=663.3; found 663.3.

Example 167 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-(2-((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)ethyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: 2-(8-(3-bromo-2-methylphenylamino)-, 7-naphthyridin-3-yl)acetaldehyde

(methoxymethyl)triphenylphosphonium chloride (Aldrich#309567: 145 mg, 0.422 mmol) was dissolved in dry THF (1622 μl) under nitrogen. This solution was cooled at 0° C. and potassium tert-butoxide (1.0 M in THF, 389 μl) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 30 min. A solution of 8-((3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)amino)-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carbaldehyde (111 mg, 0.324 mmol) in dry THF was added, then the reaction mixture was warmed up to r.t. and stirred for 1 hour. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure, the residue was taken with ethyl acetate, stirred, filtered and the solid cake washed with ethyl acetate (2 times). The filtrate was evaporated under reduced pressure. To the above residue and sodium iodide (72.9 mg, 0.487 mmol) in acetonitrile (1.6 ml) was added chlorotrimethylsilane (52.9 mg, 0.487 mmol). The mixture was stirred at r.t. for 2 h.

The mixture was then filtered to remove the insoluble. The filtrate was concentrated and the residue was used directly in next step without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₁₇H₁₅BrN₃O (M+H)⁺: m/z=356.0, 358.0; found 356.2, 358.1.

Step 2: (R)-1-(2-(8-(3-bromo-2-methylphenylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)ethyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol

This compound was prepared using similar procedure as described in Step 1, Example 24 with 2-(8-(3-bromo-2-methylphenylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)acetaldehyde replacing 8-((3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)amino)-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carbaldehyde. The crude material was purified by column chromatography. LC-MS calculated for C₂₁H₂₄BrN₄O (M+H)⁺: m/z=427.1, 429.1; found 427.3, 429.3.

Step 3: (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-(2-((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)ethyl)-, 7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

A mixture of (R)-1-(2-(8-((3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)amino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)ethyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol (15 mg, 0.035 mmol), (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (Example 126, Step 5: 18.82 mg, 0.039 mmol), sodium carbonate (9.30 mg, 0.088 mmol) and 1,1′-bis(di-cyclohexylphosphino)ferrocene palladium dichloride (2.6 mg, 3.5 μmol) in water (58 μl) and 1,4-dioxane (293 μl) was purged with N₂ and then stirred at 100° C. for 1 h. The reaction was cooled to room temperature. The reaction was concentrated, then diluted in MeOH, filtered then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as the TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₄₂H₄₂N₇O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=708.3; found 708.3.

Example 168 (R)-1-((2-(2-chloro-3′-(3-(((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: 2-chloro-3-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)phenylboronic acid

A mixture of 4,4,4′,4′,5,5,5′,5′-octamethyl-2,2′-bi(1,3,2-dioxaborolane) (178 mg, 0.702 mmol), (2-(3-bromo-2-chlorophenyl)-7-chlorobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol (Example 69, Step 3: 238 mg, 0.638 mmol), potassium acetate (157 mg, 1.595 mmol) and 1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene-palladium(II)dichloride dichloromethane complex (52 mg, 0.064 mmol) in dioxane (4.2 ml) was purged with N₂ and then stirred at 90° C. for 3 h. The reaction was then cooled to r.t. The mixture was diluted with DCM, filtered through a short pad of Celite. The filtrate was concentrated and purified by column chromatography. LC-MS calculated for C₁₄H₁₁BCl₂NO₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=338.0; found 338.0.

Step 2: (R)-1-((2-(2-chloro-3′-(3-(((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-, 7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedure as described in Step 2-5, Example 24 with 2-chloro-3-(7-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)phenylboronic acid replacing (7-chloro-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methanol in Step 2. The reaction mixture was purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₄₀H₃₇ClN₇O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=714.3; found 714.3.

TABLE 3 Ex. LCMS No. Name Structure [M + H] 169 (1R,3S)-3-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3- (((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1- yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8- ylamino)-2,2′-dimethyl biphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol- 5-yl)methylamino) cyclopentanecarboxylic acid

708.3 170 (1S,3R)-3-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3- (((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1- yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8- ylamino)-2,2′-dimethyl biphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol- 5-yl)methylamino) cyclopentanecarboxylic acid

708.3 171 (R)-4-(2-((7-cyano-2-(3′-3- ((3-hydroxy pyrrolidin-1- yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin- 8-ylamino)-2,2′- dimethylbiphenyl-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5- yl)methylamino)ethyl)benzoic acid

744.3 172 cis-4-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-(((R)- 3-hydroxy pyrrolidin-1- yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin- 8-ylamino)-2,2′- dimethylbiphenyl-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5- yl)methylamino) cyclohexanecarboxylic acid

722.6 173 2-((R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3- (((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1- yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8- ylamino)-2,2′- dimethylbiphenyl-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5- yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-3-

708.5 yl)acetic acid 174 2-((S)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3- (((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1- yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8- ylamino)-2,2′- dimethylbiphenyl-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5- yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-3-

708.5 yl)acetic acid 175 (1R,2S)-2-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3- (((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1- yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8- ylamino)-2,2′-dimethyl biphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol- 5-yl)methylamino) cyclopentanecarboxylic acid

708.3 176 2-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-(((R)-3- hydroxy pyrrolidin-1- yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin- 8-ylamino)-2,2′- dimethylbiphenyl-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5- yl)methyl)-2-aza

720.3 bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-5- carboxylic acid 177 2-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-(((R)-3- hydroxy pyrrolidin-1- yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin- 8-ylamino)-2,2′- dimethylbiphenyl-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5- yl)methyl)-2-

720.3 azaspiro[3.3]heptane-6- carboxylic acid 178 (R)-2-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-((3- hydroxy pyrrolidin-1- yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin- 8-ylamino)-2,2′- dimethylbiphenyl-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5- yl)methyl)-2-aza

706.3 bicyclo[2.1.1]hexane-4- carboxylic acid 179 (1S,2S)-2-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3- (((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1- yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8- ylamino)-2,2′-dimethyl biphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol- 5-yl)methylamino) cyclopentanecarboxylic acid

708.6 The compounds in Table 3 were prepared in accordance with the synthetic protocols set forth in Example 24, using the appropriate amines for reductive amination in last step.

TABLE 4 Ex. LCMS No. Name Structure [M + H] 180 cis-3-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3- (((R)-3-hydroxy pyrrolidin- 1-yl)methyl)-1,7- naphthyridin-8-ylamino)- 2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5- yl)methylamino)cyclobutane carboxylic acid

694.5 181 trans-3-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3- (((R)-3-hydroxy pyrrolidin- 1-yl)methyl)-1,7- naphthyridin-8-ylamino)- 2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5- yl)methylamino)cyclobutane carboxylic acid

694.5 182 (1S,3S)-3-((7-cyano-2-(3′- (3-(((R)-3-hydroxy pyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)- 1,7-naphthyridin-8- ylamino)-2,2′- dimethylbiphenyl-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5- yl)methylamino)cyclo- pentane carboxylic acid

708.5 183 (R)-4-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3- ((3-hydroxy pyrrolidin-1- yl)methyl)-1,7- naphthyridin-8-ylamino)- 2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5- yl)methylamino)bicyclo[2. 2.1]heptane-1-carboxylic acid

734.5 184 2-(trans-4-((7-cyano-2-(3′- (3-(((R)-3- hydroxypyrrolidin-1- yl)methyl)-1,7- naphthyridin-8-ylamino)- 2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5- yl)methylamino)cyclohexyl) acetic acid

736.5 The compounds in Table 4 were prepared in accordance with the synthetic protocols set forth in Example 24, using the appropriate amino esters for reductive amination followed by saponification.

TABLE 5 Ex. LCMS No. Name Structure [M + H] 185 1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-(((R)-3- hydroxy pyrrolidin-1- yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin- 8-ylamino)-2,2′- dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl) benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl- 3-(methoxy methyl)pyrrolidine-3- carboxylic acid

738.5 186 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-((3- hydroxy pyrrolidin-1- yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin- 8-ylamino)-2,2′- dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo [d]oxazol-5- yl)methyl)piperidine-4- carboxylic acid

708.3 The compounds in Table 5 were prepared in accordance with the synthetic protocols set forth in Example 24, using the appropriate amino tert-butyl esters for reductive amination followed by treatment of TFA in DCM to remove the tert-butyl groups.

TABLE 6 Ex. LCMS No. Name Structure [M + H] 187 (R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(3- (((R)-3-hydroxy pyrrolidin-1- yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin- 8-ylamino)-2-methylbiphenyl- 3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol- 5-yl)methyl)-3- methylpyrrolidine-3- carboxylic acid

728.2 188 (R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(3-((3- hydroxy pyrrolidin-1- yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin- 8-ylamino)-2-methylbiphenyl- 3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol- 5-yl)methyl)piperidine-4- carboxylic acid

728.2 The compounds in Table 6 were prepared in accordance with the synthetic protocols set forth in Example 30, using the appropriate starting material (R)-pyrrolidin-3-ol and different amino acids.

Example 189 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-((2-hydroxyethylamino)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)-3-methylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)-3-methylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedure as described in Example 138, Step 2 with (R)-3-methylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid replacing (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid. LC-MS calculated for C₂₈H₃₃BN₃O₅(M+H)⁺: m/z=502.2; found 502.2.

Step 2: (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-formyl-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)-3-methylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

A mixture of 8-((3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)amino)-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carbaldehyde (Example 16, Step 3: 278 mg, 0.812 mmol), (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)-3-methylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (370 mg, 0.738 mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (85 mg, 0.074 mmol) and potassium phosphate (392 mg, 1.845 mmol) in water (820 μl) and dioxane (4100 μl) was purged with N₂ and then stirred at 100° C. for 3 h. The reaction was cooled to room temperature. The reaction mixture was diluted with DCM and H₂O. The layers were separated. The aqueous layer was extracted with DCM three times. The organic layer was dried over MgSO₄, filtered and concentrated to give a crude residue, which was purified by flash chromatography on a silica gel column eluting with 0 to 14% MeOH/DCM to give the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₃₈H₃₃N₆O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=637.3; found 637.3.

Step 3: (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-((2-hydroxyethylamino)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)-3-methylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

A mixture of (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-((3-formyl-1,7-naphthyridin-8-yl)amino)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)-3-methylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (9.5 mg, 0.015 mmol) and 2-aminoethan-1-ol (1.367 mg, 0.022 mmol) in DCM (0.15 ml) was stirred at rt for 2 h. Then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (6.32 mg, 0.030 mmol) were added. The mixture was further stirred at r.t. for 1 h. The reaction was concentrated, then diluted in MeOH, filtered then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=10, acetonitrile/water+NH₄OH) to give the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₄₀H₄₀N₇O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=682.3; found 682.2.

TABLE 7 Ex. LCMS No. Name Structure [M + H] 190 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-(((2- hydroxyethyl)(methyl)amino) methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8- ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl- 3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5- yl)methyl)-3-methylpyrrolidine- 3-carboxylic acid

696.3 191 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-(((S)-2- hydroxypropylamino)methyl)- 1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)- 2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)- 3-methylpyrrolidine-3- carboxylic acid

696.3 192 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-(((R)-2- hydroxypropylamino)methyl)- 1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)- 2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)- 3-methylpyrrolidine-3- carboxylic acid

696.3 193 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(2,2′- dimethyl-3′-(3-(pyrrolidin-1- ylmethyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8- ylamino)biphenyl)-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)- 3-methylpyrrolidine-3- carboxylic acid

692.3 194 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-(((S)-1- hydroxybutan-2- ylamino)methyl)-1,7- naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′- dimethylbiphenyl-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)- 3-methylpyrrolidine-3- carboxylic acid

710.3 195 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-(((S)-1- hydroxypropan-2- ylamino)methyl)-1,7- naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′- dimethylbiphenyl-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)- 3-methylpyrrolidine-3- carboxylic acid

696.3 196 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-(((R)-1- hydroxy propan-2- ylamino)methyl)-1,7- naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′- dimethyl biphenyl-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)- 3-methylpyrrolidine-3- carboxylic acid

696.3 197 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(2,2′- dimethyl-3′-(3- ((methylamino)methyl)-1,7- naphthyridin-8- ylamino)biphenyl-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)- 3-methylpyrrolidine-3- carboxylic acid

652.2 198 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-((1- hydroxy-2-methylpropan-2- ylamino)methyl)-1,7- naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′- dimethyl biphenyl-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)- 3-methylpyrrolidine-3- carboxylic acid

710.3 199 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-(((1- hydroxycyclopropyl)methylamino) methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8- ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl- 3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5- yl)methyl)-3-methylpyrrolidine- 3-carboxylic acid

708.3 200 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-(((S)-3- hydroxy-3-methylpyrrolidin-1- yl)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8- ylamino)2,2′-dimethyl biphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5- yl)methyl)-3-methylpyrrolidine- 3-carboxylic acid

722.3 The compounds in Table 7 were prepared in accordance with the synthetic protocols set forth in Example 189, using the appropriate starting materials.

Example 201 (S)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-((1-hydroxypropan-2-ylamino)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)piperidine-4-carboxylic acid

Step 1: tert-butyl 1-((7-cyano-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)piperidine-4-carboxylate

This compound was prepared using similar procedure as described in Example 138, Step 2 with tert-butyl piperidine-4-carboxylate replacing (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid. LC-MS calculated for C₃₂H₄₁BN₃O₅(M+H)⁺: m/z=558.3; found 558.3.

Step 2: tert-butyl 1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-formyl-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethyl biphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)piperidine-4-carboxylate

This compound was prepared using similar procedure as described in Example 189, Step 2 with tert-butyl 1-((7-cyano-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)piperidine-4-carboxylate replacing (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)-3-methylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid. LC-MS calculated for C₄₂H₄₁N₆O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=693.3; found 693.3.

Step 3: (S)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-((1-hydroxypropan-2-ylamino)methyl)-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)piperidine-4-carboxylic acid

A mixture of tert-butyl 1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-formyl-1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′-dimethyl biphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)piperidine-4-carboxylate (10.5 mg, 0.015 mmol) and (S)-2-aminopropan-1-ol (1.7 mg, 0.023 mmol) in DCM (0.15 ml) was stirred at r.t. for 2 h. Then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (6.42 mg, 0.030 mmol) were added. The mixture was further stirred at r.t. for 1 h. Then trifluoroacetic acid (140 μl, 1.82 mmol) was added. The mixture was stirred at r.t. for 30 min. The reaction was concentrated, then diluted in MeOH, filtered then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₄₁H₄₂N₇O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=696.3; found 696.3.

TABLE 8 Ex. LCMS No. Name Structure [M + H] 202 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-((1- hydroxypropan-2- ylamino)methyl)-1,7- naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′- dimethyl biphenyl-3-yl) benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl) piperidine-4-carboxylic acid

696.3 203 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-((2- hydroxypropyl amino)methyl)-1,7- naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′- dimethyl biphenyl-3-yl)benzo [d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl) piperidine-4-carboxylic acid

696.3 204 (S)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-((2- hydroxypropylamino)methyl)- 1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)- 2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5- yl)methyl)piperidine-4- carboxylic acid

696.3 The compounds in Table 8 were prepared in accordance with the synthetic protocols set forth in Example 201, using the appropriate starting materials.

TABLE 9 Ex. LCMS No. Name/¹HNMR Structure [M + H] 205 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(7-(((R)- 3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1- yl)methyl)pyrido[3,2- d]pyrimidin-4-ylamino)-2,2′- dimethylbiphenyl-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)- 3-methylpyrrolidine-3- carboxylic acid

709.3 206 (S)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(7-(((R)-3- hydroxypyrrolidin-1- yl)methyl)pyrido[3,2- d]pyrimidin-4-ylamino)-2,2′- dimethylbiphenyl-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5- yl)methyl)piperidine-3- carboxylic acid

709.3 207 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(7-((3- hydroxypyrrolidin-1- yl)methyl)pyrido[3,2- d]pyrimidin-4-ylamino)-2,2′- dimethylbiphenyl-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5- yl)methyl)piperidine-4- carboxylic acid ¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) δ

709.3 9.09 (s, 1H), 8.69 (s, 1H), 8.45 (d, J = 1.5 Hz, 1H), 8.36 (s, 1H), 8.19 (d, J = 7.7 Hz, 1H), 8.10 (s, 1H), 7.65 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.59 (t, J = 7.7 Hz, 1H), 7.47 (d, J = 7.4 Hz, 1H), 7.41 (t, J = 7.7 Hz, 1H), 7.16 (d, J = 7.3 Hz, 1H), 4.69 (br, s, 2H), 4.57-4.41 (m, 3H), 3.84-2.91 (m, 8H), 2.57-2.51 (m, 1H), 2.47 (s, 3H), 2.36-1.66 (m, 6H), 1.98 (s, 3H). 208 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(7-(((S)-2- hydroxypropylamino)methyl) pyrido[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4- ylamino)-2,2′-dimethyl biphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5- yl)methyl)-3-methylpyrrolidine- 3-carboxylic acid

697.3 209 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(2,2′- dimethyl-3′-(7-(pyrrolidin-1- ylmethyl)pyrido[3,2- d]pyrimidin-4- ylamino)biphenyl-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5- yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3- carboxylic acid

679.3 The compounds in Table 9 were prepared in accordance with the synthetic protocols set forth in Example 139, using the appropriate starting materials.

Example 210 (R)-1-((8-(3′-(7-cyano-5-(((S)-2-hydroxypropylamino)methyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-ylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: (R)-1-((8-(3′-(7-cyano-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-ylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

A mixture of (R)-1-((8-(3-bromo-2-methylphenylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (Example 141, Step 1: 333 mg, 0.755 mmol), 5-formyl-2-(2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile (Example 138, Step 1: 293 mg, 0.755 mmol), potassium phosphate (400 mg, 1.886 mmol) and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0) (87 mg, 0.075 mmol) in water (838 μl) and dioxane (4192 μl) was purged with N₂ and then stirred at 100° C. for 4 h. The reaction was cooled to room temperature. The reaction mixture was diluted with DCM/isopropanol (4:1) and H₂O. The layers were separated. The aqueous layer was extracted with DCM/isopropanol (4:1) three times. The organic layer was dried over MgSO₄, filtered and concentrated to give a crude residue, which was purified by flash chromatography on a silica gel column eluting with 0 to 15% MeOH/DCM to give the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₃₇H₃₁N₆O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=623.2; found 623.2.

Step 2: (R)-1-((8-(3′-(7-cyano-5-(((S)-2-hydroxypropylamino)methyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-ylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

A mixture of (R)-1-((8-(3′-(7-cyano-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl biphenyl-3-ylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (11 mg, 0.018 mmol) and (S)-2-aminopropan-1-ol (2.0 mg, 0.026 mmol) in DCM (0.12 ml) was stirred at r.t. for 1 h. Then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (7.5 mg, 0.035 mmol) was added. The mixture was further stirred at r.t. for 1 h. The reaction was concentrated, then diluted in MeOH, filtered then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₄₀H₄₀N₇O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=682.3; found 682.3.

TABLE 10 Ex. LCMS No. Name Structure [M + H] 211 (R)-1-((8-(3′-(7-cyano-5-(((S)- 1-hydroxypropan-2- ylamino)methyl) benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′- dimethyl biphenyl-3- ylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3- yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3- carboxylic acid

682.3 212 (S)-1-((8-(3′-(7-cyano-5-((2- hydroxypropyl amino)methyl)benzo[d]oxazol- 2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl- 3-ylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin- 3-yl)methyl)piperidine-4- carboxylic acid

696.3 213 (S)-1-((8-(3′-(7-cyano-5-((1- hydroxypropan-2- ylamino)methyl) benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′- dimethyl biphenyl-3- ylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3- yl)methyl)piperidine-4- carboxylic acid

696.3 214 (R)-1-((8-(3′-(7-cyano-5-((3- hydroxypyrrolidin-1- yl)methyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2- yl)-2,2′-dimethyl biphenyl-3- ylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3- yl)methyl)piperidine-4- carboxylic acid

708.3 215 (R)-1-((8-(3′-(7-cyano-5-(((S)- 1-hydroxypropan-2- ylamino)methyl) benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′- dimethyl biphenyl-3- ylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3- yl)methyl)-3- methylpyrrolidine-3- carboxylic acid

696.3 216 (R)-1-((8-(3′-(7-cyano-5- (((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1- yl)methyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2- yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3- ylamino)-1,7-naphthyridin-3- yl)methyl)-3- methylpyrrolidine-3- carboxylic acid

708.3 The compounds in Table 10 were prepared in accordance with the synthetic protocols set forth in Example 210, using the appropriate starting materials.

Example 217 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2-(isopropyl(methyl)amino)acetyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)-3-methylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: 2-(3′-(5-(2-chloroacetyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile

To a stirred solution of 2-(3′-(5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile (Example 105, Step 5: 100 mg, 0.210 mmol) in DCM (5.0 ml), Hunig's base (0.073 ml, 0.420 mmol) and 2-chloroacetyl chloride (28.4 mg, 0.252 mmol) were added sequentially at room temperature. After 1 hour, the reaction mixture was quenched with saturated aq. NaHCO₃, extracted with DCM (3×20 mL). The organic layers were combined, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by chromatography on silica gel, eluting with 0-60% EtOAc/hexanes, to give the desired product (102 mg). LC-MS calculated for C₃₀H₂₂ClN₄O₃S (M+H)⁺: m/z=553.1; found 553.1.

Step 2: 5-formyl-2-(3′-(5-(2-(isopropyl(methyl)amino)acetyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile

To a stirred solution of 2-(3′-(5-(2-chloroacetyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile (40 mg, 0.072 mmol) in acetonitrile (1.0 ml), Hunig's base (0.025 ml, 0.145 mmol) and N-methylpropan-2-amine (7.94 mg, 0.108 mmol) were added sequentially at room temperature. After 6 h, the volatiles were removed and the residue was purified by chromatography on silica gel, eluting with 0-15% MeOH/DCM, to give the desired product (36 mg). LC-MS calculated for C₃₄H₃₂N₅O₃S (M+H)⁺: m/z=590.2; found 590.2.

Step 3: (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2-(isopropyl(methyl)amino)acetyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)-3-methylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

To a stirred solution of 5-formyl-2-(3′-(5-(2-(isopropyl(methyl)amino)acetyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile (5.0 mg, 8.90 μmol) and (R)-3-methylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (2.3 mg, 0.018 mmol) in DMF (0.5 ml)/Water (0.2 ml), Hunig's base (4.7 μl, 0.027 mmol) was added at room temperature. After 0.5 h, sodium cyanoborohydride (1.7 mg, 0.027 mmol) was added and the resulted mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was then diluted with MeOH, purified on prep LCMS (pH 2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as its TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₄₀H₄₃N₆O₄S (M+H)⁺: m/z=703.3; found 703.3.

TABLE 11 Ex. LCMS No. Name Structure [M + H] 218 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2- (ethyl(methyl)amino)acetyl)- 5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4- d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′- dimethylbiphenyl-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)- 3-meethylpyrrolidine-3- carboxylic acid

689.3 219 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2- ((cyclopropylmethyl)(methyl) amino)acetyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H- pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′- dimethylbiphenyl-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)- 3-methylpyrrolidine-3- carboxylic acid

715.3 220 2-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2- (ethyl(methyl)amino)acetyl)- 5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4- d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′- dimethylbiphenyl-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)- 2-azabicyclo[2.1.1]hexane-4- carboxylic acid

687.3 The compounds in Table 11 were prepared in accordance with the synthetic protocols set forth in Example 217, using the appropriate starting materials.

Example 221 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2-((S)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)acetyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)-3-methylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: (R)-1-((2-(3′-(5-(2-chloroacetyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)-3-methylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

A solution of 2-(3′-(5-(2-chloroacetyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile (Example 217, Step 1: 100.0 mg, 0.181 mmol) and (R)-3-methylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (35.0 mg, 0.271 mmol) in DMF (3.0 ml) was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. Sodium cyanoborohydride (22.7 mg, 0.262 mmol) was then added and the resulted mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The volatiles were removed under reduced pressure and the residue was purified by chromatography on silica gel, eluting with 0-15% MeOH/DCM, to give the desired product (66 mg). LC-MS calculated for C₃₆H₃₃ClN₅O₄S (M+H)⁺: m/z=666.2; found 666.2.

Step 2: (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2-((S)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)acetyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)-3-methylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

To a stirred solution of (R)-1-((2-(3′-(5-(2-chloroacetyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)-3-methylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (10.0 mg, 0.015 mmol) in acetonitrile (1.0 mL), (S)-pyrrolidin-3-ol (1.962 mg, 0.023 mmol) and Hunig's base (7.87 μl, 0.045 mmol) were added at room temperature. The resulted mixture was heated at 60° C. After 2 h, the volatiles were removed under reduced pressure and the residue was purified by purified on prep LCMS (pH 2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as its TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₄₀H₄₁N₆O₅S (M+H)⁺: m/z=717.3; found 717.3.

TABLE 12 Ex. LCMS No. Name Structure [M + H] 222 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2- ((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1- yl)acetyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H- pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′- dimethylbiphenyl-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)- 3-methylpyrrolidine-3- carboxylic acid

717.3 223 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2-(4- ethylpiperazin-1-yl)acetyl)-5,6- dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4- d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′- dimethylbiphenyl-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)- 3-methylpyrrolidine-3- carboxylic acid

744.3 224 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2-((2- hydroxyethyl)(methyl)amino) acetyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H- pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′- dimethylbiphenyl-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)- 3-methylpyrrolidine-3- carboxylic acid

705.3 225 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2- (((R)-1-hydroxypropan-2- yl)(methyl)amino)acetyl)-5,6- dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4- d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′- dimethylbiphenyl-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)- 3-methylpyrrolidine-3- carboxylic acid

719.3 226 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2- (((S)-1-hydroxypropan-2- yl)(methyl)amino)acetyl)-5,6- dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4- d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′- dimethylbiphenyl-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)- 3-methylpyrrolidine-3- carboxylic acid

719.3 227 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2-(3- hydroxyazetidin-1-yl)acetyl)- 5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4- d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′- dimethylbiphenyl-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)- 3-methylpyrrolidine-3- carboxylic acid

703.4 228 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2-(cis- 3- hydroxycyclobutylamino)acetyl)- 5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4- d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′- dimethylbiphenyl-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)- 3-methylpyrrolidine-3- carboxylic acid

717.4 229 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2- (trans-3- hydroxycyclobutylamino)acetyl)- 5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4- d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′- dimethylbiphenyl-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)- 3-methylpyrrolidine-3- carboxylic acid

717.4 230 2-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2-((2- hydroxyethyl)(methyl)amino) acetyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H- pyrrolo[3,4-d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′- dimethylbiphenyl-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)- 2-azaspiro[3.3]heptane-6- carboxylic acid

717.3 231 2-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2-(((R)-1- hydroxypropan-2- yl)(methyl)amino)acetyl)-5,6- dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4- d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′- dimethylbiphenyl-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)- 2-azaspiro[3.3]heptane-6- carboxylic acid

731.3 232 2-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2-(((S)-1- hydroxypropan-2- yl)(methyl)amino)acetyl)-5,6- dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4- d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′- dimethylbiphenyl-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)- 2-azaspiro[3.3]heptane-6- carboxylic acid

731.3 233 2-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2-((S)-3- hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)acetyl)- 5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4- d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′- dimethylbiphenyl-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)- 2-azaspiro[3.3]heptane-6- carboxylic acid

729.4 234 2-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2-((R)-3- hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)acetyl)- 5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4- d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′- dimethylbiphneyl-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)- 2-azaspiro[3.3]heptane-6- carboxylic acid

729.4 The compounds in Table 12 were prepared in accordance with the synthetic protocols set forth in Example 221, using the appropriate starting materials.

TABLE 13 Ex. LCMS No Name Structure [M + H] 235 2-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2- (dimethylamino)acetyl)-5,6- dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4- d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′- dimethylbiphenyl-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5- yl)methyl)-2- azabicyclo[2.1.1]hexane-4- carboxylic acid

673.3 236 1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2- (dimethylamino)acetyl)-5,6- dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4- d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′- dimethylbiphenyl-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5- yl)methyl)piperidine-4- carboxylic acid

675.4 237 2-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2- (dimethylamino)acetyl)-5,6- dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4- d]thiazol-2-yl)-2,2′- dimethylbiphenyl-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5- yl)methyl)-2- azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-5- carboxylic acid

687.2 The compounds in Table 13 were prepared in accordance with the synthetic protocols set forth in Example 105, using the appropriate starting materials.

Example 238 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-isopropyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)-N-(methylsulfonyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxamide

In a dram vial, (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-isopropyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (Example 63, final product: 3 mg, 0.0048 mmol) and methanesulfonamide (2.2 mg, 0.024 mmol) were dissolved in DMF (0.3 mL). DMAP (2.9 mg, 0.024 mmol) and N,N′-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (4.9 mg, 0.024 mmol) were added to the reaction mixture in one portion. After 16 h, the reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as the TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₈H₄₁N₆O₄S₂(M+H)⁺: m/z=709.3; found 709.2.

Example 239 1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(6-isopropyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)azetidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: 1-((2-(2′-chloro-2-methyl-3′-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)biphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)azetidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar method in Example 54, Step 1-6 with tert-butyl 1,4,5,7-tetrahydro-6H-pyrazolo[3,4-c]pyridine-6-carboxylate (Astatech, cat#79248) replacing tert-butyl 1,4,6,7-tetrahydro-5H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxylate in Step 1, and with azetidine-3-carboxylic acid replacing (R)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid in Step 5. The reaction mixture was concentrated and used in next step without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₃₂H₂₈ClN₆O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=579.2; found 579.2.

Step 2: 1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(6-isopropyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)azetidine-3-carboxylic acid

A mixture of 1-((2-(2′-chloro-2-methyl-3′-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)biphenyl-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)azetidine-3-carboxylic acid (10 mg, 0.017 mmol) and acetone (2.4 μL, 0.034 mmol) in DCM (169 μl) was allowed to stir for 2 h. Then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (7.0 mg, 0.034 mmol) was added to the mixture. After 2 h, the mixture was concentrated and diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as its TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₅H₃₄ClN₆O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=621.2; found 621.2.

Example 240 (R)-4-((2-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-ylcarbamoyl)-1-methyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridin-5(4H)-yl)methyl)phenylboronic acid

Step 1: (R)—N-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)benzo[dd]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-1-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide

This compound was prepared using similar method in Example 92, Step 1-5 with (R)-pyrrolidin-3-ol replacing (S)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid in Step 5. The reaction mixture was concentrated and used in next step without further purification. LC-MS calculated for C₃₄H₃₃ClN₇O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=622.2; found 622.3.

Step 2: (R)-4-((2-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-ylcarbamoyl)-1-methyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridin-5(4H)-yl)methyl)phenylboronic acid

A mixture of (R)—N-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-1-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide (10 mg, 0.017 mmol) and 4-formylphenylboronic acid (5.1 mg, 0.034 mmol) in DCM (169 μl) was allowed to stir for 2 h. Then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (7.0 mg, 0.034 mmol) was added to the mixture. After 2 h, the mixture was concentrated and diluted with MeOH and then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as its TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₄₁H₄₀BClN₇O₅(M+H)⁺: m/z=756.3; found 756.3.

Example 241 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(N-ethyl-N-methylglycyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: 1-(2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-5-yl)-2-(ethyl(methyl)amino)ethan-1-one

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 126, Step 2 with N-methylethanamine replacing (R)-pyrrolidin-3-ol. LC-MS calculated for C₁₇H₂₁BrN₃O₂(M+H)⁺: m/z=378.1, 380.1; found 378.1, 380.1.

Step 2: (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(N-ethyl-N-methylglycyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 126, Step 6 with 1-(2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-5-yl)-2-(ethyl(methyl)amino)ethan-1-one replacing (R)-1-(2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-5-yl)-2-(3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)ethan-1-one. The reaction mixture was purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₈H₃₉N₆O₅ (M+H)⁺: m/z=659.3; found 659.3. ¹H NMR (600 MHz, DMSO) δ 8.38 (s, 1H), 8.21 (dd, J=7.9, 1.2 Hz, 1H), 8.13 (d, J=1.2 Hz, 1H), 8.02-7.95 (m, 1H), 7.59 (t, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 7.50 (t, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 7.48-7.46 (m, 1H), 7.36 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 1H), 4.85 (s, 1H), 4.77-4.62 (m, 3H), 4.61-4.48 (m, 3H), 4.38-4.16 (m, 2H), 3.90-3.08 (m, 6H), 2.83 (s, 3H), 2.42 (s, 3H), 2.33 (d, J=3.3 Hz, 3H), 2.26-2.01 (m, 2H), 1.26 (t, J=7.3 Hz, 3H).

Example 242 2-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(N-ethyl-N-methylglycyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)-2-azabicyclo[2.1.1]hexane-4-carboxylic acid

Step 1: 2-(3′-(5-(N-ethyl-N-methylglycyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 122, Step 8 with 1-(2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-5-yl)-2-(ethyl(methyl)amino)ethan-1-one (Example 241, Step 1) replacing 1-(2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-5-yl)-2-(dimethylamino)ethan-1-one. LC-MS calculated for C₃₃H₃₂N₅O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=562.2; found 562.2.

Step 2: 2-(3′-(5-(N-ethyl-N-methylglycyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 122, Step 9 with 2-(3′-(5-(N-ethyl-N-methylglycyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile replacing 2-(3′-(5-(dimethylglycyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile. LC-MS calculated for C₃₃H₃₀N₅O₄ (M+H)⁺: m/z=560.2; found 560.2.

Step 3: 2-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(N-ethyl-N-methylglycyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)-2-azabicyclo[2.1.1]hexane-4-carboxylic acid

To a mixture of 2-(3′-(5-(N-ethyl-N-methylglycyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazole-7-carbonitrile (10.0 mg, 0.018 mmol), 2-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-2-azabicyclo[2.1.1]hexane-4-carboxylic acid (4.1 mg, 0.018 mmol) in DCM (0.5 ml) was added DIEA (3.2 μl, 0.018 mmol). After stirring at room temperature for 2.5 h, sodium triacetoxyborohydride (7.6 mg, 0.036 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred overnight. After removal of solvent, the residue was dissolved in methanol and water and purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₉H₃₉N₆O₅ (M+H)⁺: m/z=671.3; found 671.3.

TABLE 14 Ex. LCMS No. Name/¹HNMR Structure [M + H] 243 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(N-ethyl- N-methylglycyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H- pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′- dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)-3- methylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid ¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) δ 8.39 (s, 1H), 8.21 (d, J = 6.9 Hz, 1H), 8.13 (s, 1H), 7.98 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 1H), 7.59 (t, J = 7.7 Hz, 1H), 7.50 (t, J = 7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.47 (d, J = 6.9 Hz, 1H), 7.36 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 1H), 4.85 (s, 1H), 4.72 (s, 1H), 4.66 (s, 1H), 4.58 (s, 2H), 4.54 (s, 1H), 4.38-4.15 (m, 2H), 3.87-3.36 (m,

673.3 4H), 3.30-3.07 (m, 2H), 2.83 (s, 3H), 2.49-2.31 (m, 1H), 2.42 (s, 3H), 2.33 (s, 3H), 2.12-1.76 (m, 1H), 1.44-1.30 (m, 3H), 1.26 (t, J = 7.3 Hz, 3H). 244 1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(N-ethyl-N- methylglycyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H- pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′- dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5- yl)methyl)piperidine-4-carboxylic acid

673.3 245 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5- (dimethylglycyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H- pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′- dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)-3- methylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

659.3 246 1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5- (dimethylglycyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H- pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-2,2′- dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5- yl)methyl)piperidine-4-carboxylic acid

659.3 247 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2-((R)-3- hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)acetyl)-5,6- dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2- yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)-3- methylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

701.3 248 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(N- isopropyl-N-methylglycyl)-5,6- dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2- yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)-3- methylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

687.3 249 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2-(4- hydroxypiperidin-1-yl)acetyl)-5,6- dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2- yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)-3- methylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

715.3 250 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2-(4- hydroxypiperidin-1-yl)acetyl)-5,6- dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2- yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5- yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

701.3 251 2-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(2-(4- hydroxypiperidin-1-yl)acetyl)-5,6- dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2- yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)-2- azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-5- carboxylic acid

727.3 252 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(5-(N-(2- hydroxyethyl)-N-methylglycyl)-5,6- dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2- yl)-2,2′-dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)-3- methylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

689.3 253 2-((7-cyano-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′-(5- (2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)acetyl)- 5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4- d]oxazol-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)-2- azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-5- carboxylic acid

726.3 254 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(2,2′-dimethyl-3′- (5-(2-(4-methylpiperazin-1- yl)acetyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H- pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-[1,1′- biphenyl]-3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5- yl)methyl)-3-methylpyrrolidine-3- carboxylic acid

714.3 255 (3R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(2,2′-dimethyl- 3′-(5-(2-(5-methyl-2,5- diazabicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2- yl)acetyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H- pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)biphenyl- 3-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5- yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

712.3 The compounds in Table 14 were prepared in accordance with the synthetic protocols set forth in Example 242, using the appropriate starting materials.

Example 256 (R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(5-(2-((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)acetyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-2-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1: 2-(3-bromo-2-chlorophenyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazole

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 122, Step 1-6, with 3-bromo-2-chlorobenzoic acid replacing 3-bromo-2-methylbenzoic acid in Step 3. LC-MS calculated for C₁₁H₉BrClN₂O (M+H)⁺: m/z=299.0, 301.0; found 299.0, 301.0.

Step 2: 1-(2-(3-bromo-2-chlorophenyl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-5-yl)-2-chloroethan-1-one

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 126, Step 1 with 2-(3-bromo-2-chlorophenyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazole replacing 2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazole. LC-MS calculated for C₁₃H₁₀BrCl₂N₂O₂ (M+H)⁺: m/z=374.9, 376.9; found 374.9, 376.9.

Step 3: (R)-1-(2-(3-bromo-2-chlorophenyl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-5-yl)-2-(3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)ethan-1-one

The mixture of 1-(2-(3-bromo-2-chlorophenyl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-5-yl)-2-chloroethan-1-one (154 mg, 0.410 mmol), (R)-pyrrolidin-3-ol (35.7 mg, 0.410 mmol), TEA (0.171 ml, 1.229 mmol) and DMF (1.0 ml) was heated at 60° C. for 2 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with methanol and 1 N HCl and purified with prep-LCMS (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product (165 mg, 94%). LC-MS calculated for C₁₇H₁₈BrClN₃O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=426.0, 428.0; found 426.0, 428.0.

Step 4: (R)-1-((2-(2′-chloro-3′-(5-(2-((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1l-yl)acetyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-2-yl)-2-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-7-cyanobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 126, Step 6 with (R)-1-(2-(3-bromo-2-chlorophenyl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-5-yl)-2-(3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)ethan-1-one replacing (R)-1-(2-(3-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-4,6-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]oxazol-5-yl)-2-(3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)ethan-1-one. The reaction mixture was purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₃₈H₃₆ClN₆O₆ (M+H)⁺: m/z=707.2; found 707.2.

TABLE 15 Ex. LCMS No. Name Structure [M + H] 257 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-(((S)-1- hydroxypropan-2-ylamino)methyl)- 1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′- dimethylbiphenyl-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5- yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

682.2 258 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(3-(((R)-1- hydroxypropan-2-ylamino)methyl)- 1,7-naphthyridin-8-ylamino)-2,2′- dimethylbiphenyl-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5- yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

682.2 The compounds in Table 15 were prepared in accordance with the synthetic protocols set forth in Example 146, using the appropriate amino alcohols.

TABLE 16 Ex. LCMS No. Name Structure [M + H] 259 1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(1,5-dimethyl- 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H- imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2- carboxamido)-2,2′- dimethylbiphenyl-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5- yl)methyl)piperidine-4-carboxylic acid

658.3 260 (R)-1-((7-cyano-2-(3′-(1,5- dimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H- imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2- carboxamido)-2,2′- dimethylbiphenyl-3- yl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)methyl)-3- methylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

658.3 The compounds in Table 16 were prepared in accordance with the synthetic protocols set forth in Example 36, using the appropriate starting materials.

Example 261 trans-4-((2-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-(((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-ylcarbamoyl)-1-methyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridin-5(4H)-yl)methyl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid

Step 1: (R)—N-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)benzo([d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-1-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 92 with (R)-pyrrolidin-3-ol replacing (S)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid in Step 4. LC-MS calculated for C₃₄H₃₃ClN₇O₃(M+H)⁺: m/z=622.1; found 622.2.

Step 2: trans-4-((2-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-(((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-ylcarbamoyl)-1-methyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridin-5(4H)-yl)methyl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid

To a solution of (R)—N-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-1-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide (40 mg, 0.064 mmol) in DCM (5 ml) was added methyl trans-4-formylcyclohexane-1-carboxylate (22 mg, 0.13 mmol) and DIEA (0.034 mL, 0.193 mmol). The mixture was stirred at r.t. for 60 min. Then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (41 mg, 0.19 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was continued to stir at r.t. overnight. The reaction mixture was diluted with DCM, washed by NaHCO₃ aqueous solution, water, and brine. The organic phase was dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. To a solution of above residue in THF (2 mL) was added lithium hydroxide (6.2 mg, 0.26 mmol) and a few drops of water. The reaction mixture was stirred at 40° C. for two days. The reaction mixture was diluted with MeCN/water, and purified via prep-HPLC (pH=2, MeCN/water with TFA) to give the desired product as the TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₄₂H₄₅ClN₇O₅(M+H)⁺: m/z=762.3; found 762.2. ¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) δ 9.94 (s, 1H), 8.40 (s, 1H), 8.30 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 1H), 8.21 (d, J=7.9 Hz, 1H), 8.14 (s, 1H), 7.59 (t, J=7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.52 (t, J=7.9 Hz, 1H), 7.48 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 1H), 7.20 (dd, J=7.6, 1.4 Hz, 1H), 4.67-4.15 (m, 5H), 3.95 (s, 3H), 3.87-2.95 (m, 10H), 2.46 (s, 3H), 2.33-2.22 (m, 1H), 2.15 (t, J=12.2 Hz, 1H), 2.03-1.94 (m, 1H), 1.94-1.74 (m, 5H), 1.47-1.24 (m, 2H), 1.09-0.90 (m, 2H).

TABLE 17 Ex. LCMS No. Name Structure [M + H] 262 (R)-3-((2-(2-chloro-3′-(7- cyano-5-((3- hydroxypyrrolidin-1- yl)methyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2- yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3- ylcarbamoyl)-1-methyl-6,7- dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5- c]pyridin-5(4H)- yl)methyl)bicyclo[1.1.1] pentane-1-carboxylic acid

746.2 263 (R)-3-(2-(2-chloro-3′-(7- cyano-5-((3- hydroxypyrrolidin-1- yl)methyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2- yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3- ylcarbamoyl)-1-methyl-6,7- dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5- c]pyridin-5(4H)-yl)-1- methylcyclobutanecarboxylic acid

734.2 264 4-(2-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5- (((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1- yl)methyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2- yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3- ylcarbamoyl)-1-methyl-6,7- dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5- c]pyridin-5(4H)-yl)-1- methylcyclobutanecarboxylic acid

762.3 265 (R)-4-(2-(2-(2-chloro-3′-(7- cyano-5-((3- hydroxypyrrolidin-1- yl)methyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2- yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3- ylcarbamoyl)-1-methyl-6,7- dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5- c]pyridin-5(4H)- yl)ethyl)cyclohexane carboxylic acid

776.2 266 cis-4-((2-(2-chloro-3′-(7- cyano-5-(((R)-3- hydroxypyrrolidin-1- yl)methyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2- yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3- ylcarbamoyl)-1-methyl-6,7- dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5- c]pyridin-5(4H)- yl)methyl)cyclohexane carboxylic acid

762.3 The compounds in Table 17 were prepared in accordance with the synthetic protocols set forth in Example 261, using the appropriate starting materials.

Example 267 (R)-4-((2-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-ylcarbamoyl)-1-methyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridin-5(4H)-yl)methyl)bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-1-carboxylic acid

Step 1: methyl 4-formylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-1-carboxylate

A mixture of methyl 4-(hydroxymethyl)bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-1-carboxylate (400 mg, 2.171 mmol) and Dess-Martin periodinane (1381 mg, 3.26 mmol) in DCM (12.0 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 3 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with 20% aqueous Na₂S₂O₃ solution and saturated NaHCO₃ solution, and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was used directly in the next step without further purification.

Step 2: (R)-4-((2-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-ylcarbamoyl)-1-methyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridin-5(4H)-yl)methyl)bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-1-carboxylic acid

To a solution of (R)—N-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-1-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide (Example 261, Step 1: 10 mg, 0.016 mmol) in DCM (5 ml) was added methyl 4-formylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-1-carboxylate (8.8 mg, 0.048 mmol) and DIEA (0.008 ml, 0.048 mmol). The mixture was stirred at r.t. for 60 min. Then sodium triace-toxyborohydride (10.2 mg, 0.048 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was continued to stir at r.t. overnight. The reaction mixture was diluted with DCM, washed by NaHCO₃ aqueous solution, water, and brine. The organic phase was dried over MgSO₄, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. To a solution of above residue in THF (2 mL) was added lithium hydroxide (3.8 mg, 0.16 mmol) and a few drops of water. The reaction mixture was stirred at 40° C. for two days. The reaction mixture was diluted with MeCN/water, and purified via prep-HPLC (pH=2, MeCN/water with TFA) to give the desired product as the TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₄₃H₄₅ClN₇O₅(M+H)⁺: m/z=774.3; found 774.3. ¹H NMR (600 MHz, DMSO) δ 9.95 (s, 1H), 8.40 (d, J=12.6 Hz, 1H), 8.28 (d, J=7.0 Hz, 1H), 8.21 (d, J=7.8 Hz, 1H), 8.14 (d, J=8.9 Hz, 1H), 7.60 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 1H), 7.52 (t, J=7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.48 (d, J=7.5 Hz, 1H), 7.20 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 4.69-4.20 (m, 5H), 3.96 (s, 3H), 3.82-3.16 (m, 8H), 3.07 (s, 2H), 2.46 (s, 3H), 2.28 (d, J=6.4 Hz, 1H), 2.05-1.49 (n, 11H).

Example 268 (R)-4-((2-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-ylcarbamoyl)-1-methyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridin-5(4H)-yl)methyl)-1-methylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid (peak 1)

Step 1: 4-formyl-1-methylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid

To a solution of methyl 4-formyl-1-methylcyclohexane-1-carboxylate (J&W PharmLab, cat#10R0682: 14.8 mg, 0.080 mmol) in THF/MeOH (2/1 v/v, 3 mL) was added lithium hydroxide (3.8 mg, 0.16 mmol) and water (1 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at 40° C. overnight. Then the mixture was concentrated and the residue was dissolved in DCM.

After acidification with 1N HCl aqueous solution to pH=4, the mixture was extracted with DCM and the combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was used directly in the next step without further purification.

Step 2: (R)-4-((2-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-ylcarbamoyl)-1-methyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridin-5(4H)-yl)methyl)-1-methylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid

To a solution of (R)—N-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)-1-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide (Example 261, Step 1: 10 mg, 0.016 mmol) in DCM (1 ml) was added 4-formyl-1-methylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid (13.6 mg, 0.080 mmol) and DIEA (0.008 ml, 0.048 mmol). The mixture was stirred at r.t. for 60 min. Then sodium triacetoxy-borohydride (10.2 mg, 0.048 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was continued to stir at r.t. for 2 hrs. The reaction mixture was concentrated, then diluted with MeCN/water, and purified via prep-HPLC (pH=2, MeCN/water with TFA) to give two desired products (cis/trans isomers) as the TFA salt.

Peak 1:

retention time on analytical LC-MS (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) t_(r)=1.98 min, LC-MS calculated for C₄₃H₄₇ClN₇O₅(M+H)⁺: m/z=776.3; found 776.3.

Example 269 (R)-4-((2-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-((3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-ylcarbamoyl)-1-methyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridin-5(4H)-yl)methyl)-1-methylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid (peak 2)

This compound was prepared using the same procedures as described for Example 268. In the prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA), the second desired peak was collected to give the desired product as TFA salt. Peak 2: retention time on analytical LC-MS (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) t_(r)=2.00 min, LC-MS calculated for C₄₃H₄₇ClN₇O₅ (M+H)⁺: m/z=776.3; found 776.3.

Example 270 trans-4-((2-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-((5-hydroxy-2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-yl)methyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-ylcarbamoyl)-1-methyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridin-5(4H)-yl)methyl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid

Step 1: trans-methyl 4-((2-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-ylcarbamoyl)-1-methyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridin-5(4H)-yl)methyl)cyclohexanecarboxylate

To a solution of tert-butyl 2-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-ylcarbamoyl)-1-methyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate (Example 92, Step 2: 200.0 mg, 0.306 mmol) in DCM (5 mL) was added HCl (4M in dioxane, 0.383 ml). The solution was stirred at r.t. for 2 hours, then concentrated to dryness. To a solution of the above residue in DCM (5 ml) was added methyl trans-4-formylcyclohexane-1-carboxylate (104 mg, 0.612 mmol) and DIEA (0.160 ml, 0.919 mmol). The mixture was stir at r.t. for 60 min. Then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (195 mg, 0.919 mmol) was added, the reaction mixture was stirred at r.t. overnight. The reaction solution was diluted with DCM, then washed with aqueous NaHCO₃ solution, water and brine. The organic layer was dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography eluting with 5% MeOH in DCM to give desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₃₉H₄₀ClN₆O₅(M+H)⁺: m/z=707.3; found: 707.3.

Step 2: trans-methyl 4-((2-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methyl biphenyl-3-ylcarbamoyl)-1-methyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridin-5(4H)-yl)methyl)cyclohexanecarboxylate

To a stirred solution of trans-methyl 4-((2-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-(hydroxymethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-ylcarbamoyl)-1-methyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridin-5(4H)-yl)methyl)cyclohexanecarboxylate (175 mg, 0.247 mmol) in DCM (5.0 ml) was added sodium bicarbonate (208 mg, 2.474 mmol) and dess-martin periodinane (126 mg, 0.297 mmol). The resulted mixture was stirred at r.t. for 1 hour. The reaction solution was diluted with DCM, then washed with aqueous NaHCO₃ solution, water, and brine. The organic layer was dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered, and concentrated under reduce pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography eluting with 5% MeOH in DCM to give the desired product. LC-MS calculated for C₃₉H₃₈ClN₆O₅ (M+H)⁺: m/z=705.2; found: 705.2.

Step 3: trans-4-((2-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-((5-hydroxy-2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-yl)methyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-ylcarbamoyl)-1-methyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridin-5(4H)-yl)methyl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid

To a solution of trans-methyl 4-((2-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-formylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methyl biphenyl-3-ylcarbamoyl)-1-methyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridin-5(4H)-yl)methyl)cyclohexanecarboxylate (20 mg, 0.028 mmol) in DCM (2 mL) was added 2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-5-ol HCl salt (8.5 mg, 0.057 mmol) and DIEA (0.015 mL, 0.085 mmol). The mixture was stirred at r.t. for 30 min. Then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (18.0 mg, 0.085 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was continued to stir at r.t. overnight. The reaction mixture was diluted with DCM, washed by NaHCO₃ aqueous solution, water and brine. The organic layer was dried over MgSO₄, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. To a solution of the above residue in THF (2 mL) was added lithium hydroxide (6.2 mg, 0.26 mmol) and a few drops of water. The reaction mixture was stirred at 40° C. for two days. The reaction mixture was diluted with MeCN/Water, and purified via prep-HPLC (pH=2, MeCN/water with TFA) to give the desired product as the TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₄₄H₄₇ClN₇O₅(M+H)⁺: m/z=788.3; found 788.3.

Example 271 trans-4-((2-(2-chloro-3′-(7-cyano-5-(pyrrolidin-1-ylmethyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2′-methylbiphenyl-3-ylcarbamoyl)-1-methyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridin-5(4H)-yl)methyl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid

This compound was prepared using similar procedures as described for Example 270 with pyrrolidine replacing 2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-5-ol in Step 3. The reaction mixture was concentrated, then diluted in MeCN/Water, filtered then purified by prep-HPLC (pH=2, acetonitrile/water+TFA) to give the desired product as TFA salt. LC-MS calculated for C₄₂H₄₅ClN₇O₄(M+H)⁺: m/z=746.3; found 746.3.

Example A. PD-1/PD-L1 Homogeneous Time-Resolved Fluorescence (HTRF) Binding Assay

The assays were conducted in a standard black 384-well polystyrene plate with a final volume of 20 μL. Inhibitors were first serially diluted in DMSO and then added to the plate wells before the addition of other reaction components. The final concentration of DMSO in the assay was 1%. The assays were carried out at 25° C. in the PBS buffer (pH 7.4) with 0.05% Tween-20 and 0.1% BSA. Recombinant human PD-L1 protein (19-238) with a His-tag at the C-terminus was purchased from AcroBiosystems (PD1-H5229). Recombinant human PD-1 protein (25-167) with Fc tag at the C-terminus was also purchased from AcroBiosystems (PD1-H5257). PD-L1 and PD-1 proteins were diluted in the assay buffer and 10 μL was added to the plate well. Plates were centrifuged and proteins were preincubated with inhibitors for 40 minutes. The incubation was followed by the addition of 10 μL of HTRF detection buffer supplemented with Europium cryptate-labeled anti-human IgG (PerkinElmer-AD0212) specific for Fc and anti-His antibody conjugated to SureLight®-Allophycocyanin (APC, PerkinElmer-AD0059H). After centrifugation, the plate was incubated at 25° C. for 60 min. before reading on a PHERAstar FS plate reader (665 nm/620 nm ratio). Final concentrations in the assay were −3 nM PD1, 10 nM PD-L1, 1 nM europium anti-human IgG and 20 nM anti-His-Allophycocyanin.IC₅₀ determination was performed by fitting the curve of percent control activity versus the log of the inhibitor concentration using the GraphPad Prism 5.0 software.

Compounds of the present disclosure, as exemplified in Examples 1-9, showed IC₅₀ values in the following ranges: +=IC₅₀≤10 nM; ++=10 nM≤IC₅₀<100 nM; +++=100 nM<IC₅₀≤1000 nM

Data obtained for the Example compounds using the PD-1/PD-L1 homogenous time-resolved fluorescence (HTRF) binding assay described in Example A is provided in Table 1A.

TABLE 1A PD-1/PD-L1 HTRF Example IC₅₀ (nM)  1 +  2 +  3 +  4 +  5 +  6 +  7 +  8 +  9 +  10 +  11 +  12 +  13 +  14 +  15 +  16 +  17 +  18 +  19 +  20 +  21 +  22 +  23 +  24 +  25 +  26 +  27 +  28 +  29 +  30 +  31 +  32 +  33 +  34 +  35 +  36 +  37 +  38 +  39 +  40 ++  41 +  42 +  43 +  44 +  45 +  46 +  47 +  48 +  49 +  50 +  51 +  52 +  53 +  54 +  55 +  56 +  57 +  58 +  59 +  60 +  61 +  62 +  63 +  64 +  65 +  66 +  67 +  68 +  69 +  70 +  71 +  72 +  73 +  74 +  75 +  76 +  77 +  78 +  79 +  80 +  81 +  82 +  83 +  84 +  85 +  86 +  87 +  88 +  89 +  90 +  91 +  92 +  93 +  94 +  95 +  96 +  97 +  98 +  99 + 100 + 101 + 102 + 103 + 104 + 105 + 106 + 107 + 108 + 109 + 110 + 111 + 112 + 113 + 114 + 115 + 116 + 117 + 118 + 119 + 120 + 121 + 122 + 123 + 124 + 125 + 126 + 127 + 128 + 129 + 130 + 131 + 132 + 133 + 134 + 135 + 136 + 137 + 138 + 139 + 140 + 141 + 142 + 143 + 144 + 145 + 146 + 147 + 148 + 149 ++ 150 ++ 151 + 152 + 153 + 154 + 155 + 156 + 157 + 158 + 159 + 160 + 161 + 162 + 163 + 164 + 165 + 166 + 167 + 168 + 169 + 170 + 171 + 172 + 173 + 174 + 175 + 176 + 177 + 178 + 179 + 180 + 181 + 182 + 183 + 184 + 185 + 186 + 187 + 188 + 189 + 190 + 191 + 192 + 193 + 194 + 195 + 196 + 197 + 198 + 199 + 200 + 201 + 202 + 203 + 204 + 205 + 206 + 207 + 208 + 209 + 210 + 211 + 212 + 213 + 214 + 215 + 216 + 217 + 218 + 219 + 220 + 221 + 222 + 223 + 224 + 225 + 226 + 227 + 228 + 229 + 230 + 231 + 232 + 233 + 234 + 235 + 236 + 237 + 238 + 239 + 240 + 241 + 242 + 243 + 244 + 245 + 246 + 247 + 248 + 249 + 250 + 251 + 252 + 253 + 254 + 255 + 256 + 257 + 258 + 259 + 260 + 261 + 262 + 263 + 264 + 265 + 266 + 267 + 268 + 269 + 270 + 271 +

Various modifications of the invention, in addition to those described herein, will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description. Such modifications are also intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims. Each reference, including without limitation all patent, patent applications, and publications, cited in the present application is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. 

1-19. (canceled)
 20. A compound of Formula (IIc-4):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein: the subscript r is an integer of 1, 2 or 3; R³ is methyl or halo; R⁵ is C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, or OH; each R⁶ is independently selected from H, halo, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, CN, OR^(a), C(O)R^(a), C(O)NR^(a)R^(a), C(O)OR^(a), NHR^(a), NR^(a)R^(a), and NR^(a)C(O)R^(a), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, and C₂₋₆ alkynyl of R⁶ are each optionally substituted with 1 or 2 R^(b) substituents; R⁷ is H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, or OH; R¹⁰ and R¹¹ are each independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, —C(O)R^(g), —C(O)OR^(g), and —C(O)NR^(g)R^(g), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl and C₁₋₆ haloalkyl of R¹⁰ or R¹¹ are each optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 independently selected R^(f) substituents; or R¹⁰ and R¹¹ taken together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form 4-, 5-, 6- or 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein the 4-, 5-, 6- or 7-membered heterocycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 R^(h) substituents; each R¹³ is independently H, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl or C₁₋₆ alkyl optionally substituted with a substituent selected from C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, CN, halo, or OH; each R^(a) is independently selected from H, CN, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, and C₂₋₆ alkynyl, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, and C₂₋₆ alkynyl of R^(a) are each optionally substituted with 1 or 2 R^(d) substituents; each R^(d) is independently selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, halo, CN, NH₂, OR^(e), C(O)R^(e), C(O)NR^(e)R^(e), C(O)OR^(e), NHR^(e), NR^(e)R^(e), and NR^(e)C(O)R^(e); each R^(e) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, and C₂₋₆ alkynyl; each R^(b) substituent is independently selected from halo, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl-, CN, OH, NH₂, OR^(c), C(O)R^(c), C(O)NR^(c)R^(c), C(O)OR^(c), NHR^(c), NR^(c)R^(c), and NR^(c)C(O)R^(c); wherein the C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, 4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl, (5-10 membered heteroaryl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- and (4-10 membered heterocycloalkyl)-C₁₋₄ alkyl- of R^(b) are each further optionally substituted with 1 or 2 independently selected R^(d) substituents; each R^(c) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, and C₂₋₆ alkynyl, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, and C₂₋₆ alkynyl of R^(c) are each optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 R^(f) substituents; each R^(f) is independently selected from C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, halo, CN, OR^(g), C(O)R^(g), C(O)NR^(g)R^(g), C(O)OR^(g), NHR^(g), NR^(g)R^(g), and NR^(g)C(O)R^(g); each R^(g) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, and C₂₋₆ alkynyl; each R^(h) is independently selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, halo, CN, OR^(i), C(O)R^(i), C(O)NR^(i)R^(i), C(O)OR^(i), NHR^(i), NR^(i)R^(i), and NR^(i)C(O)R^(i); and each R^(i) is independently selected from H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkoxy, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, and C₂₋₄ alkynyl. 21-34. (canceled)
 35. The compound of claim 20, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R¹³ is H. 36-39. (canceled)
 40. The compound of claim 20, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R⁶ is (3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl, (R)-(3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl, or (S)-(3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl. 41-43. (canceled)
 44. The compound of claim 20, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R⁵ is halo or C₁₋₄ alkyl.
 45. The compound of claim 20, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R⁵ is halo, methyl or CN.
 46. The compound of claim 20, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R³ is methyl or Cl. 47-56. (canceled)
 57. The compound of claim 20, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein —NR¹⁰R¹¹ is carboxypyrrolidin-1-yl, (R)-3-carboxypyrrolidin-1-yl, or (S)-3-carboxypyrrolidin-1-yl. 58-67. (canceled)
 68. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of claim 20, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof, and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipient or carrier. 69-71. (canceled)
 72. The compound of claim 20, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein each R⁶ is independently selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl, which is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 R^(b) substituents.
 73. The compound of claim 20, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the subscript r is an integer of
 1. 74. The compound of claim 20, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R³ is methyl.
 75. The compound of claim 20, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R⁷ is CN. 